江苏省连云港市2019年中考英语试题
一、单项选择
从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1.Which underlined letter pronounces differently from the others?
A. planet B. camping C. rabbit D. shape
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意“哪个带下划线的字母发音与其他字母不同？”。A.planet/’plænɪt/;B. camping/’kæmpɪŋ/;C. rabbit/’ræbɪt/;D. shape/ʃeɪp/。根据音标可知，A项、B项和C项中的a发/æ/，D项中的a发/eɪ/，故选D。
2.If you want to take __________short ride in the city, choose __________shared bike.
A. a;／ B. the; the C. a; a D. ／; a
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意“如果你想要一个短途旅行，选择一个共享单车”。第一空处，根据take a short ride“短途旅行”可知，排除B和D；第二空处，shared bike是可数名词单数，且译为“一个共享单车”，故选C。
3.On April 24, Xie Wenjun raced to gold in the __________110-meter hurdles at the Asian Athletics Championships in Qatar
A. man B. men C. men’s D. mens’
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意“4月24日，谢文俊在卡塔尔亚洲田径锦标赛男子110米跨栏上获得了金牌”。本题考查名词所有格。A.男人（单数）；B.男人（复数）；C.男人的；D.形式错误，应为men’s。根据hurdles可知，应用men,译为“男人的110米栏”，用名词所有格，men后没有s，用’s，故选C。
4.According to the notice, guests at this hotel __________use the sports center at no extra cost.
A. can B. should C. must D. need
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意“根据通知，在这个宾馆的顾客可以不用额外地出钱就能使用体育中心”。A.能，可以；B.应该；C.必须；D.需要。根据句意可知，表示“能使用体育中心、可以使用体育中心”，故选A。
5.US scientist Edward T. Hall said that in a conversation between two people, 65% of _________ is done through body language.
A. application B. pronunciation C. introduction D. communication
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意“美国科学家爱德华霍尔说：在两个人的对话中，65%的交流是通过肢体语言完成的”。A.应用，申请；B.发音；C.介绍；D.交流。根据句意可知，交流时，65%都是肢体语言，故选D。
6.While watching the film yesterday, I couldn’t stop laughing at some __________moments.
A. humorous B. challenging C. dangerous D. surprising
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意“昨天当我在看电影时，在一些幽默的时刻我禁不住地笑了”。A.幽默的；B.具有挑战性的；C.危险的；D.惊奇的。根据I couldn’t stop laughing“我禁不住地笑了”可知，表示在一些幽默的时刻，故选A。
7.Through the stories behind the idioms, we would be able to fully __________China’s culture, history and tradition.
A. understand B. search C. compare D. imagine
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意“通过这些成语后的小故事，我们能够完全地理解中国的文化、历史和传统”。A.理解；B.搜寻；C.对比；D.想象。根据句意可知，可以根据成语故事理解中国的文化、历史和传统，故选A。
8.It’s reported the medals for the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo __________ from 100% recycled material.
A. are making B. have made C. is made D. will be made
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意“据说2020年东京奥运会的奖牌百分之百是由可循环利用的材料制成”。A.现在进行时；B.现在完成时；C.一般现在时的被动语态；D.一般将来时的被动语态。主语the medal与谓语make之间为被动be done，排除A和B；且根据the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo可知，用一般将来时的被动语态，故选D。
9._________ we didn’t win the basketball game, we were satisfied with our hard work.
A. If B. Though C. Since D. Because
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意“尽管我们没有赢得篮球比赛，但是我们对我们勤奋的工作感到很满意”。A.如果（引导条件状语从句）；B.尽管（引导让步状语从句）；C.自从（引导时间状语从句）；D.因为（引导原因状语从句）。根据句意可知，主句和从句之间表示让步，译为“尽管”，故选B。
10.April 15 was a sad day for France. A large fire __________at the Cathedral of Notre-Dame.
A. broke out B. carried out C. gave out D. ran out
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意“对于法国来说，4月15日是一个悲伤的日子，在巴黎圣母院突发一场大火”。A.爆发；B.实行，执行；C.发出；D.用光。根据句意可知，表示爆发大火，故选A。
【点睛】与out有关短语
| blow out吹灭 | break out（战争、火灾等）爆发，突然发生 |
| bring out使显现，使表现出 | check out查明，结账 |
| clean out清理，把……打扫干净 | clear out清理，丢掉 |
| come out出版，发表，结果是 | cut out删除，删掉，切断 |
| find out查明，发现，了解 | get out出去，离开 |
| get out of离开，从……出来 | go out出去 |
| hand out分发，发放 | hang out闲逛 |
| help (sb) out帮助某人解决困难 | keep out不让……进入 |
| point out指出 | put out扑灭 |
| sell out卖光 | set out出发，启程 |
| take out取出 | try out参加选拔，试用 |
| work out解决，计算出 |
11.-___________ have you worked here?
-For just one month.
A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How much
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意“-你在这里工作了多长时间了？-仅仅1个月”。A.多久一次（问频率）；B.多长（问时间长短和长度）；C.多久（后接一般将来时，且用in+一段时间回答）；D.多少（问数量，后接不可数名词）。根据For just one month“仅仅一个月”可知，问时间长短，用how long，故选B。
12.StorySign is ___________ a useful app __________ it can make it easier for deaf children and their parents to read bedtime stories.
A. so … that B. such … that C. too … to D. as … as
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意“StorySign是一个如此有用的应用以至于能让聋的孩子和父母读睡前故事更加容易”。A. so+adj/adv+that+句子“如此……以至于……”；B. “such a/an+adj+可数名词单数+that+句子”或者“such+adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that+句子”“如此……以至于”；C.too adj to do“太……以至于不能……”；D.as+adj/adv原级+as“和……一样”。根据两个空之间的a useful app可知，用“such a adj+可数名词单数+that”结构，译为“如此有用的一个应用以至于”，故选B。
13.After the new high-speed railway line began operations, the time on the trip from Lianyungang to Qingdao now is much less than __________in the past.
A. one B. this C. that D. it
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意“在新的高铁线路开始运营之后，现在从连云港到青岛的旅程的时间比过去少了很多”。A.one同类不同物；B.这个；C.代指“the+不可数名词”；D.代指上文中出现的同一个事物。根据句意可知，表示“现在的时间比过去的时间少了很多”。代指the time，time译为“时间”时是不可数名词，故选C。
14.-Excuse me, I’m afraid we’re lost. Could you tell us __________?
-Sure. Go along the street for about 15 minutes, and then you’ll see it.
A. how can I get to Wanda Shopping Mall B. where Wanda Shopping Mall is
C. how far is Wanda Shopping Mall D. where is Wanda Shopping Mall
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意“-打扰一下，恐怕我迷路了，你能告诉我万达购物广场在哪里吗？-当然，沿着街道走大约15分钟，然后你就能看到它”。本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，且根据Go along the street for about 15 minutes, and then you’ll see it可知，应问“万达广场在哪里”，故选B。
15.-I don’t know what to say at the interview.
-_________________. Just be polite and answer honestly.
A. Don’t mention it B. It’s a pleasure
C. Don’t worry D. OK, thanks
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意“-我不知道在采访中说什么。-别担心，礼貌并且诚实回答即可”。A.不用提了（用于回答感谢和道歉）；B.不用谢，用于回答感谢；C.别担心（用于安慰）；D.好的，谢谢。根据句意可知，第一个人对采访感到担心，所以第二个人要安慰，应说“别担心”，故选C。
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. So a zero-waste theme store is about ___16___ people with a number of everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste products to help them start on a one-stop, zero-waste life journey.
“Zero waste” or “danshari” was first ___17___ by a French woman Bea Johnson. “Live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different methods to protect the earth.” she said.
Yu Yuan, 27, is ___18___ attracted by this idea.
She and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years. And earlier she used to be a customer without thinking a lot ___19___ she saw a video about “zero waste”
The ___20___ is about a family of four, and the rubbish they produce every year is placed in a jar.
After watching the video, Yu wanted to ___21___ this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend.
Yu says that a zero-waste life ___22___ the 6R principle –Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot(腐烂）
Over August-October when Yu followed the principle of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both ___23___ only two cans of rubbish.
Now, the couple have opened a small ___24___ called The Bulk House in Nanluoguxiang, Beijing, to support a zero-waste life.
At the store they use environmentally friendly products. For example, they use wood products to replace ____25____ ones and prepare cloth bags printed with zero-waste logos for customers. Most of the products sold in the store can be reused, and a small number of ____26____which are not recyclable can degrade（分解）. The store ____27____ has secondhand books and audio-visual CD/DVDs.
For used toiletries (things like soap and toothpaste that are used for cleaning yourself) there is a company which accepts them, and the couple regularly mails their waste to it.
Yu says that those who were once not ____28____ in the zero-waste lifestyle have gradually changed because of curiosity. The zero-waste lifestyle, she adds, is for everyone.
“It’s ____29____ us at our fingertips.” Yu expects some of her friends to ____30____ her on the road to zero waste. As the saying goes, many hands make light work.
16. A. offering B. providing C. giving D. affording
17. A. invented B. found C. discovered D. suggested
18. A. hardly B. luckily C. clearly D. deeply
19. A. unless B. until C. after D. when
20. A. video B. film C. article D. newspaper
21. A. experience B. change C. represent D. spend
22. A. accepts B. receives C. follows D. believes
23. A. saved B. produced C. kept D. wasted
24. A. shop B. factory C. hotel D. company
25. A. paper B. cloth C. silk D. plastic
26. A. it B. them C. their D. its
27. A. too B. either C. also D. only
28. A. proud B. worried C. amazed D. interested
29. A. behind B. around C. ahead D. above
30. A. organize B. record C. join D. encourage
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C
【解析】
【分析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述如今出现了“零废物”这样的活动，一个叫余元的人也加入了这个活动，并讲述了她为这个活动所做的事情。最后余元希望更多的朋友加入这个活动。
【16题详解】
句意“所以零废物主题商店是关于给人们提供大量每日的、实用的、舒适的零浪费产品来帮助他们开始“一站式”零浪费生活旅程。本题考查动词辨析。A.提供，用offer sb sth结构；B.提供，用provide sb with sth结构；C.给，用give sb sth结构；D.支付得起。根据句意可知，译为提供，且根据空后people with…可知，故选B。
【17题详解】
句意“零废物首先被一个法国妇女贝亚约翰逊提议的”。本题考查动词辨析。A.发明；B.寻找；C.发现；D.建议，提议。根据”Live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different methods to protect the earth.” she said可知，这个提议是她提出来的，故选D。
【18题详解】
句意“余元，27岁，深深地被这个主意吸引了”。本题考查副词辨析。A.几乎不；B.幸运地；C.清晰地；D.深深地。根据下文可知，余元开始过“零废物的生活”，所以她被深深地吸引了，故选D。
【19题详解】
句意“在早期，他过去是一个不会想太多的顾客，直到她看到了一个关于“零废物”的视频”。本题考查连词辨析。A.除非（引导条件状语从句）；B.直到（引导时间状语从句）；C.在……之后（引导时间状语从句）；D.当……时候（引导时间状语从句）。根据句意可知，译为“直到她看了零废物这个视频”，故选B。
【20题详解】
句意“这个视频是关于一个四口之家，他们每年生产的垃圾放在一个罐子里”。本题考查名词辨析。A.视频；B.电影；C.文章；D.报纸。根据And earlier she used to be. a customer without thinking a lot. ___4___ she saw a video about “zero waste”可知，表示“视频”，故选A。
【21题详解】
句意“看了这个视频之后，余想要和她的男朋友体验这个“零废物”的生活方式”。本题考查动词辨析。A.体验；B.改变；C.代表；D.花费。根据Over August-October when Yu followed the principle of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both ___8___ only two cans of rubbish可知，她和她的男朋友体验这种生活方式，故选A。
22题详解】
句意“余说，一个零废物生活遵循6R原则：拒绝、减少、重复使用、修理、回收和腐烂”。本题考查动词辨析。A.接受；B.接收；C.遵循；D.相信。根据句意可知，译为“遵守6R原则”，故选C。
【23题详解】
句意“当余遵循零废物的6R原则的8月至10月间，她和她的男朋友乔哈里共同生产了两罐垃圾”。本题考查动词辨析。A.节约；B.生产；C.保持；D.浪费。根据The ___5___ is about a family of four, and the rubbish they produce every year is placed in a jar可知，表示“生产两罐垃圾”，故选B。
【24题详解】
句意“现在，这对夫妻已经在北京的南锣鼓巷开了一个The Bulk House的小商店来支持一个零废物生活”。本题考查名词辨析。A.商店；B.工厂；C.宾馆；D.公司。根据At the store they use environmentally friendly products可知，他们开设了一个小的商店，故选A。
【25题详解】
句意“他们使用木制产品来代替塑料产品，并且为顾客准备印有零废物标志的布袋”。本题考查名词辨析。A.纸；B.布；C.丝绸；D.塑料。根据Most of the products sold in the store can be reused, and a small number of ___11___which are not recyclable can degrade可知，商店的东西都是可以再一次利用的，有些东西不能回收但是容易分解，根据常识可知，塑料很难分解，故选D。
26题详解】
句意“商店里卖的大部分产品能够再一次被利用，一小部分不能循环利用但是能够分解”。本题考查代词辨析。A.它（人称代词主格和宾格）；B.他们（人称代词宾格）；C.他们的（形容词性物主代词）；D.它的（形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词）。根据句意可知，空处代指“产品”，且根据a number of可知，空处用名词的复数，故选B。
【27题详解】
句意“这个商店也有二手的书籍和视听CD和DVD”。too也，用于肯定句句末，且用逗号隔开；either也，用于否定句句末；C.也，用于句中；D.仅仅。根据句子可知，空处位于句中，且译为“也”，故选C。
【28题详解】
句意“余说那些曾经对零废物生活方式不感兴趣的人由于好奇已经渐渐地在改变”。本题考查形容词辨析。A.骄傲的；B.担心的；C.惊讶的；D.感兴趣的。根据句意可知，表示对它不感兴趣。be interested in对……感兴趣，故选D。
【29题详解】
句意“它就在我们的指尖周围”。本题考查介词辨析。A.在……后面；B.在……周围；C.在前面；D.在……上面。根据句意可知，表示“在指尖周围”。故选B。
【30题详解】
句意“余期望她的一些朋友在零废物的道路上能加入她”。本题考查动词辨析。A.组织；B.记录；C.加入；D.鼓励。根据句意可知，表示“加入她”，故选C。
【点睛】做完型填空时，首先要通读课文，明白主旨大意，然后再做题。做完型时要记住“瞻前顾后想结果”这一原则，根据上下文以及语境做题，切忌主观臆断。另外，平时还要多多积累词汇。完型填空常考名词、动词、形容词和副词等辨析。做词义辨析题时，首先要确认四个选项的含义，然后分析语境和逻辑关系，确定答案。
三、阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
SeaWorld SeaWorld celebrates 50 years with a Sea of Surprises. Step under the waves at SeaWorld San Diego’s all-new Explorers’ Reef. Go “hand-in” to touch a shark, a crab, or thousands of tiny cleaner fish that will bite playfully at your fingers. And you can enjoy an all-new Shamu’s Celebration: Light Up The Night show. TOUR: A14 ADULT:＄111 CHILD(3-10)＄105 |
San Diego Zoo Take a walk on the wild side at the San Diego Zoo with one of the most kinds of wild animals in the world. The San Diego Zoo covers 100 acres and brings 4, 000 animals, representing 800 kinds; together in one place. The Zoo has some of the most beautiful and rare creatures in the world and offers you a great chance to visit wild animals. TOUR: A13 ADULT: $90 CHILD (3-11): $ 72 |
Legoland California Offering a full day of wonderful adventures, Legoland gives fun, imagination, and entertainment to today’s youngsters and their families. At Legoland California everyone in the family becomes a hero on more than 50. super rides, shows and attractions. TOUR: A16 ADULT: $109 CHILD(2-12) $104 |
Universal Studios Hollywood Go behind the scenes on the world famous Studio Tour to explore where Hollywood movies are made. Then, face exciting rides, shows and attractions that put you inside some of the world’s biggest movies. TOUR: A6 ADULT: $ 138 CHILD (3-12) : $ 96 |
31. Tom, aged 11, who has only $100 and is crazy about rides, can choose Tour ___________.
A. A6 B. A13 C. A14 D. A16
32. It can be known from the passages that _________________________.
A. visitors can step under the waves and enjoy 50 shows and attractions at SeaWorld
B. the San Diego Zoo covers 100 acres with one of the most kinds of wild animals in the world
C. youngsters and their families can enjoy a half day of wonderful adventures in Legoland
D. you will be put inside all of the world’s biggest movies in Universal Studios Hollywood
33. The four passages above probably come from ___________________.
A. a sports report B. a story book
C. a science magazine D. an advertisement poster
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D
【解析】
【分析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述四则广告：海洋世界、圣地亚哥动物园、加州乐高园以及好莱坞环球影城的内容、票价等。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据CHILD (3-12) : $ 96以及Then, face exciting rides, shows and attractions that put you inside some of the world’s biggest movies可知，11岁的汤姆喜欢游乐设施，且费用仅仅为96美元，故选A。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据And you can enjoy an all-new Shamu’s Celebration: Light Up The Night show可知，他们能够享受一个全新的庆典，排除A；根据Offering a full day of wonderful adventures, Legoland gives fun, imagination, and entertainment to today’s youngsters and their families可知，他们可以在加州乐高园享受一整天的冒险，排除C；根据Then, face exciting rides, shows and attractions that put you inside some of the world’s biggest movies可知，你可以被放在一些世界的大电影中，排除D；根据The San Diego Zoo covers 100 acres and brings 4, 000 animals, representing 800 kinds; together in one place可知，它占地100英亩且有最多种类的野生动物，故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要讲述四则广告：海洋世界、圣地亚哥动物园、加州乐高园以及好莱坞环球影城的内容、票价等，所以本文可能来自于一个广告海报，故选D。
【点睛】细节理解题是考试时经常考查的一个题型。做细节理解题时，首先要先读题干，划题干中的关键词，再根据关键词定位至文中即可找到正确答案。
B
Then Alice saw a small glass table. There was a little golden key on it. She picked it and put it in all the locks on the doors but it didn’t open any of them. She moved a curtain on one of the walls and discovered another door, a very small one. She put the key in the lock. It was exactly the right size! She opened the door and looked through it. At the end of a low passage she saw a beautiful garden. It was full of brightly coloured flowers and fountains.
“Oh, how beautiful! “she said. ” I’d love to go there but I’m too big to get through the door. ”
She walked back to the table. There was a bottle on it now.
” I’m sure that bottle wasn’t there before, ” she said, a little confused.
She put down the key and picked up the bottle. She read the words “DRINK ME” on it. Alice wasn’t a stupid girl. She didn’t drink it immediately. First she looked at the bottle carefully. There wasn’t a label on it that said “POISON”.
So she put the bottle to her lips and drank.
“Mmm, ifs nice, ” she said. It tasted like cherry tart, pineapple, roast turkey and toast-all the things that she liked to eat-so she drank some more. And some more. Soon the bottle was empty.
“What a curious feeling,” she said. “I’m getting smaller and smaller.'” It was true! She was now as small as her cat Dinah.
“Good! I can go through the door into the garden,” she said. But, poor Alice! When she got to the door, she didn’t have the key! It was on the table. She couldn’t reach it because she was too small now. She sat down and cried.
After a while she said,”Alice! Stop crying! Crying doesn’t help! Dry your tears immediately!”
When she looked at the table again, she saw a small glass box under it. She picked it up and opened it. There was a small cake inside. It had the words “EAT ME” on it. She put a small piece of it in her mouth.
“If I grow bigger I can reach the key, “she thought.” And if I grow smaller I can go under the door. ”
But nothing happened so she finished it.
34. From the passage we can know that _______________________.
A. at first Alice could go through the door into the garden easily
B. then Alice found there was a little golden key on a small wooden table
C. Alice was as small as her rabbit Dinah after she drank something in the bottle
D. Alice saw a small glass box with a small cake in it under the table
35. Alice did the following things in the order of ___________________.
a. She saw a beautiful garden at the end of a low passage.
b. She moved a curtain and discovered another door.
c. She put a small piece of the cake in her mouth.
d. She put the bottle to her lips and drank.
e. She cried because she couldn’t reach the key.
A. a- b- c- d- e B. b- a- d- e- c C. d- a- b- e- c D. b- d- e- a- c
36. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ______________.
A. the small box B. the glass table
C. the small cake D. the golden key
37. According to the passage, the best words to describe Alice are ___________________.
A. careful and brave B. curious and helpful
C. clever and friendly D. organized and strange
【答案】34. D 35. B 36. C 37. A
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述爱丽丝为了出去玩，喝了一瓶神奇的药水，她变小了，但是当她变小时，她拿不到桌上的钥匙。最后他看到了一块蛋糕，她想着“如果”我变得更小，我就可以直接出了，如果我变大了，我就可以拿到桌子上的钥匙了。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据”Oh, how beautiful! “she said. ” I’d love to go there but I’m too big to get through the door. “可知，她太大了，以至于不能轻易地通过门，排除A；根据Then Alice saw a small glass table. There was a little golden key on it可知，爱丽丝发现在玻璃桌上有一把金钥匙，排除B；根据She was now as small as her cat Dinah可知，她和她家的猫一样小，排除C；根据When she looked at the table again, she saw a small glass box under it. She picked it up and opened it. There was a small cake inside可知，爱丽丝发现在桌子下面有一个小盒子，里面有一块蛋糕，故选D。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据She moved a curtain on one of the walls and discovered another door, a very small one、At the end of a low passage she saw a beautiful garden. It was full of brightly coloured flowers and fountains、So she put the bottle to her lips and drank、When she got to the door, she didn’t have the key! It was on the table. She couldn’t reach it because she was too small now. She sat down and cried以及She put a small piece of it in her mouth可知，她移动窗帘发现另一个门、她在低矮的通道尽头看到了一个漂亮的花园、她将瓶子放在嘴唇上并喝了它、她哭了，因为她够不到钥匙、她将一小块蛋糕放到嘴里，所以正确的顺序应该是b-a-d-e-c，故选B。
【36题详解】
代词指代题。代词指代上文中出现的东西。根据When she looked at the table again, she saw a small glass box under it. She picked it up and opened it. There was a small cake inside. It had the words “EAT ME” on it. She put a small piece of it in her mouth.、”If I grow bigger I can reach the key, “she thought.” And if I grow smaller I can go under the door. “以及But nothing happened so she finished it可知，她在桌子下面看到一个小的玻璃盒，里面放着一个蛋糕，她将蛋糕放在嘴中，最后吃了这个蛋糕，所以it代指蛋糕。故选C。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据She didn’t drink it immediately. First she looked at the bottle carefully. There wasn’t a label on it that said “POISON”可知，她拿起水没有立即喝下，而是没有看到“毒药”标志才喝，说明她是细心的；根据”If I grow bigger I can reach the key, “she thought.” And if I grow smaller I can go under the door. “可知，她在吃蛋糕前想着“如果她变大，就可以拿到钥匙，如果她变得更小，就可以直接出去了”，所以她是勇敢的，故选A。
C
You think it’s “cool” to carry your backpacks and head out to school. But if you don’t know exactly how to choose, load, lift and wear them-these all-important accessories（配件）can be a pain in the back. Not to mention the neck, head and shoulders.
Backpacks can influence your health. Carrying a heavy load improperly can lead to poor body position; and even hurt the spinal column(脊柱）This can cause muscle strain, headaches, back, neck and arm pain.
For example, if it is carried on one shoulder; a heavy backpack forces the muscles and spine to balance the unequal weight. This may increase the possible back problems later in life.
More than 50 percent of young people suffer back pain by their teenage years. Research shows that this could be mainly caused improper use of backpacks.
Here’s some advice to help you carry backpacks comfortably and safely.
Choose the right backpack. Forget leather（皮革）! It looks great, but it’s far too heavy. Go for canvas（帆布）. Pick a pack that has two wide, adjustable, comfortable shoulder straps（带子）, along with a hip or waist strap, and plenty of pockets. Make sure the pack fits properly and its size is suitable for the wearer’s body.
Packing it properly. Only put in the pack what is needed for that day. It’s a good idea to know what each object weighs. The total weight of the filled pack should be no more than 10 to 15 percent of the wearer’s own body weight. Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside, away from the back.
Putting the backpack on. Put the pack on a smooth surface, at waist height. Put on the pack, one shoulder at a time, then adjust（调整）the straps to fit comfortably. Remember when lifting a backpack, or anything, to lift using the arms and legs and to bend at the knees.
The right way to wear a backpack. Both shoulder straps should be used, and adjusted so that the pack fits the body, without hanging to one side. Backpacks should never be worn over just one shoulder. You should be able to move your hands between the backpack and your back. The waist strap should also be worn.
Take the above advice, and you may not complain back pain, numbness or weakness in your arms and legs any more.
38. What could mainly cause some young people to suffer back pain by their teenage years?
A. Too much homework. B. Poor treatment for backs.
C. Improper use of backpacks. D. Unhealthy sleep position
39. Which of the following does the writer suggest?
①Choose leather backpacks because it looks “cool” to go to school.
② Pick a pack that its size is suitable for the wearer’s body.
③Make sure the backpack contains only what is needed for that day
④Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside.
⑤ Put the pack on a smooth surface, above the waist height.
A. ①②④ B. ①③⑤ C. ②③④ D. ②③⑤
40. If a boy weighs 40kg, how heavy should his filled backpack be at most?
A. About 4kg. B. About 6kg. C. About 10kg. D. About 15kg.
41. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Some problems that teenagers face in their study at school.
B. The suitable backpack material that you should choose.
C. The good influence that backpacks have on your health
D. Some advice on how to carry backpacks comfortably and safely.
【答案】38. C 39. C 40. B 41. D
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述背包会影响我们的健康，作者给出了一些关于如何舒服地和安全地背包的建议
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Carrying a heavy load improperly can lead to poor body position; and even hurt the spinal column(脊柱）This can cause muscle strain, headaches, back, neck and arm pain可知，不适当地使用背包会造成青少年承受疼痛，故选C。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据Choose the right backpack. Forget leather（皮革）! It looks great, but it’s far too heavy可知，选择合适的背包，不要使用皮革书包，所以①错误；Make sure the pack fits properly and its size is suitable for the wearer’s body确保尺寸适合背包人的身体，②正确；根据Packing it properly. Only put in the pack what is needed for that day可知，书包里背的是今天所需要的东西，③正确；根据Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside, away from the back可知，将重的物品靠近身体，轻的放在外面，④正确；根据Put the pack on a smooth surface, at waist height可知，将包放在腰部光滑的位置，而不是超过腰部，⑤错误，故选C。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据The total weight of the filled pack should be no more than 10 to 15 percent of the wearer’s own body weight可知，书包的重量不能超过体重的10%至15%，所以一个人40公斤，书包最多重6公斤，故选B。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述背包会影响我们的健康，作者给出了一些关于如何舒服地和安全地背包的建议，故选D。
D
The human body is a machine that can raise lots of interesting questions. Why, for example, are yawns（呵欠）contagious（传染的）? What’s up with ice-cream headaches? Here are answers to these and other questions about our bodies.
Why do I get a headache when I eat ice cream too quickly?
Scientists aren’t exactly sure what causes the brain freeze when we eat ice cream or other super cold foods too quickly, though some believe it’s the result of changed blood .flow in the nervous system. Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then relax to let blood flow rise; that sudden rush of blood is what causes the headache. You can improve an ice-cream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up things.
What causes my stomach to make a low continuous noise when I’m hungry?
Actually, your stomach makes noise whether you’re hungry or full; you just hear it more clearly when you’re hungry. Think of your digestive tract（消化道）as a really long tube lined with smooth muscle tissue. These muscles move food, fluids and gas through your digestive tract. ____________________________. It can make you feel embarrassed尴尬的）but is nothing to worry about.
Why do I blush when I’m embarrassed?
When you’re embarrassed, your brain releases a shot of adrenaline（肾上腺素）, which makes your heart race and blood vessels become larger in size. All this happens to increase blood flow and oxygen delivery throughout the body in a fight-or-flight reaction（对抗反应）. There are a lot of tiny blood vessels in your face, which turn noticeably redder from this sudden rush of blood. As for the actual function of blushing, researchers are still trying to find that one out.
Why are yawns contagious?
Have you ever yawned in front of someone, only to have them yawn right back? It’s a common thing, but researchers don’t have a good explanation for it. They do, however, know this happens only with humans and chimpanzees(黑猩猩）. A bigger question puzzling scientists is why we yawn at all. It used to be thought that yawning showed that oxygen to the brain was not enough, but that’s just a myth. A growing body of research now shows that yawning is nature’s way of keeping our brains cool.
42. What is the meaning of the underlined word tighten?
A. 变松 B. 变紧 C. 变短 D. 变长
43. Which of the following sentences can be filled in the blank?
A. And that’s what you’re hearing when your stomach makes noise.
B. And that’s why you’re so hungry when your stomach is empty
C. And that’s what makes you feel uncomfortable when you’re full.
D. And that’s how it makes a difference to your digestive tract.
44. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. There is no way for you to improve an ice-cream headache
B. Researchers have found out the actual function of blushing.
C. Your stomach makes noise only when you are hungry.
D. Researchers don’t have a good explanation for why yawns are contagious.
45. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Some Interesting Facts B. Our Strange Body
C. Some Useful Discoveries D. Our Amazing Feelings
【答案】42. B 43. A 44. D 45. B
【解析】
【分析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述我们身体的一些有趣的问题，包括吃冰激凌太快会头痛、尴尬时会脸红、哈欠会传染。
【42题详解】
词义猜测题。根据Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then relax to let blood flow rise可知，头部的血管收紧，以阻止身体热量的流失，然后放松，让血液流动起来，所以tighten的含义为“变紧”，故选B。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据What causes my stomach to make a low continuous noise when I’m hungry可知，本段主要讲述为什么胃会有声音，接下来开始给出原因，根据These muscles move food, fluids and gas through your digestive tract“这些肌肉通过你的消化道移动食物、液体和气体”，这就是你听到的你的胃发出声音时，故选A。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据You can improve an ice-cream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up things可知，有方法改善冰激凌头疼状况，排除A；As for the actual function of blushing, researchers are still trying to find that one out可知，研究人员仍在努力寻找答案，排除B；根据Actually, your stomach makes noise whether you’re hungry or full; you just hear it more clearly when you’re hungry可知，你饿了或者饱了你的胃都会发出声音，排除C；根据Have you ever yawned in front of someone, only to have them yawn right back? It’s a common thing, but researchers don’t have a good explanation for it可知，关于打哈欠为什么会传染研究者也没有好的解释，故选D。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述我们身体的一些有趣的问题，包括吃冰激凌太快会头痛、尴尬时会脸红、哈欠会传染。所以是“奇怪的身体”，故选B。
【点睛】解答词义猜测题时，可以使用如下技巧：1、根据上下文来猜测词义；2、通过同义词或近义词来猜测词义；3、通过构词法来猜测词义；4、通过定义或释义来猜测词义；5、通过句法功能来猜测词义；6、通过转折和因果关系来猜测词义；7. 通过生活常识来猜测词义。对于这类题采取“代入法”也非常有效，即将备选答案逐一代入文中，哪一个选项能使句子的意思通顺、连贯，且与上下文的内容一致，哪一个选项就是该题的正确答案。例如第1题。
四、词汇运用
根据句意和汉语提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
46. Leo wanted to catch the cat, but it ran away and________（藏）behind the bushes in the garden.
47. Does the radio say the expressway is closed in both ____________（方向）because of the heavy fog?
48. Don’t be ____________（不耐烦的）.Learning English takes some time.
49. I’m sorry. I ____________（完全地）forgot that it was your birthday yesterday.
50. Last week Professor Li was ______________（邀请）to make a speech on Chinese traditional festivals.
【答案】46. hid
47. directions
48. impatient
49. completely
50. invited
【解析】
【46题详解】
句意“里欧想要抓住这个猫，但是它跑开了并且躲在院子的灌木丛后面”。hide躲藏，且根据ran可知，用一般过去时，故填hid。
【47题详解】
句意“收音机说了由于大雾高速公路两个方向都要关闭了吗？”。direction方向，且根据空前both可知，用复数，故填directions。
【48题详解】
句意“不要不耐烦，学习英语需要花费一些时间”。根据空前be可知，空处用形容词。impatient不耐烦的，故填impatient。
【49题详解】
句意“对不起，我完全忘记昨天是你的生日了”。空处修饰动词forgot，用副词，completely完全地，故填completely。
【50题详解】
句意“上周李教授被邀请去做一个关于中国传统节日的演讲”。invite邀请，且主语Professor Li与谓语invite之间为被动，根据空前was可知，故填invited。
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Every year in early October, Albuquerque International Balloon Festival is h _____51_____ in Albuquerque, the biggest city in New Mexico. Because of the great number of balloons, it is the world’s 1 ______52______ ballooning event. For more than 30 years, guests from all over the world come to Albuquerque in October to celebrate ballooning. In 2018, over 900, 000 people a_____53_____ this event. There were over 500 balloons in the event with over 1,000 pilots. When h ______54______ of colorful balloons flew up high, the sky of Albuquerque became a moving cartoon. It was full of colors and special characters. It was a time when d ______55______came true and romance filled the sky. Grown-ups and children were amazed and joyful during the balloon festival.
【答案】51. held
52. largest
53. attended
54. hundreds
55. dreams
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述阿尔伯克基国际气球节，成年人和孩子们在节日上玩得都很开心。
【51题详解】
句意“每年10月份早期，阿尔伯克基国际气球节在新墨西哥州的阿尔伯克基举行”。根据句意可知，译为“举行”。hold举行，且主语Albuquerque International Balloon Festival与谓语hold之间被动be done，故填held。
【52题详解】
句意“由于大量的气球，这是世界上最大的气球事件”。根据For more than 30 years, guests from all over the world come to Albuquerque in October to celebrate ballooning可知，译为最大的，用最高级，故填largest。
【53题详解】
句意“在2018年，超过90万人参加了这个事件”。根据句意可知，译为“参加”。attend参加，且根据in 2018可知，用一般过去时，故填attended。
【54题详解】
句意“当成百上千个五彩缤纷的气球飞向天空时，阿尔伯克基的天空变成了移动的卡通”。根据句意可知，译为“成百上千”，hundreds of成百上千的，故填hundreds。
【55题详解】
句意“那是一个梦想成真、浪漫弥漫的时刻”。根据句意可知，译为“梦想成真”。dream梦想，且根据句意可知，用复数，故填dreams。
五、选词填空
从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空（每个词或短语只能用一次）。
| possible; tidy; go on a school trip; rain hard; have a fever;
look for; such as; be strict with; take place; pass away |
56. -Timmy, your bedroom is dirty and _________________.
-Sorry, Mum. I’ll clean it right away.
57. – You look so worried. What can I do for you?
– I _______________ my key. Have you seen it?
58. Louis Cha Leung-yung, one of the greatest Chinese writers, __________last year. He built a fantastic wuxia world and created different types of heroes.
59. Do scientists agree that there’s a __________ that humans in the future would live on Mars?
60. It______________, but the boys went on playing football on the playground.
61. The Smiths ______________their children about table manners and always remind them to behave well.
62. – I ________________ since last night.
-You’d better go to see a doctor.
63. Alibaba opened a hotel in which a series of tasks _____________check-in, light control and room service can be done by AI and robots.
64. The rainy season usually_______________ from June to September in my hometown.
65. -More than 20 international students __________ with us next week, won’t they?
-Yes, they will.
【答案】56. untidy
57. am looking for
58. passed away
59. possibility
60. was raining hard
61. are strict with
62. have had a fever
63. such as
64. takes place
65. will go on a school trip
【解析】
【56题详解】
句意“-蒂米，你的卧室脏且不整洁。-对不起妈妈，我立刻打扫”。根据I’ll clean it right away以及空前dirty可知，空处表示“不整洁的”。untidy不整洁的，故填untidy。
【57题详解】
句意“-你看起来很担忧，我能为你做点什么吗？-我正在找我的钥匙，你看到它了吗？”。根据句意可知，表示“钥匙丢了，我正在寻找钥匙”。look for寻找，用现在进行时，主语为I，故填am looking for。
【58题详解】
句意“去年，中国最伟大的作家之一查良镛去世。他创造了迷人的武侠世界并且创造不同类型的英雄”。根据句意可知，译为“去世”。pass away去世，且根据last year可知，用一般过去时，故填passed away。
【59题详解】
句意“科学家们同意未来人类有可能生活在火星上吗”。根据空前a可知，空处用名词，possibility可能性，故填possibility。
【60题详解】
句意“雨下得很大，但是男孩们继续在操场上踢足球”。根据句意可知，译为“雨下得很大”，且表示正在下雨，根据went可知，用过去完成时，主语为it，故填was raining hard。
【61题详解】
句意“史密斯一家人关于餐桌礼仪方面对孩子们很严格并且总是提醒他们要表现得好”。根据句意可知，译为“对……严格”。根据remind可知，用一般现在时，且主语为the Smiths，用复数，故填are strict with。
【62题详解】
句意“-自从昨天晚上，我已经发烧了。-你最好去看医生”。have a fever发烧，且根据since last night可知，用现在完成时，主语为I，故填have had a fever。
【63题详解】
句意“阿里巴巴开了一个酒店，在这里例如登记入住、照明调节、房间服务一系列任务都由人工智能和机器人完成”。根据句意可知，译为“例如”。such as例如，故填such as。
【64题详解】
句意“在我的家乡，雨季通常发生在7月到9月”。take place发生，且根据usually可知，用一般现在时，主语为the rainy season可知，用单数，故填takes place。
【65题详解】
句意“-下周将有20多名国际学生和我们一起去学校旅行，对吧？-是的”。go on a school trip参加学校旅行，且根据next week可知，用一般将来时，故填will go on a school trip。
六、完成句子
根据所给汉语和句子意思，用英语补全句子。
66. What beautiful songs! All the students think Julie_____________________（对唱歌有天赋）.
67. Yesterday afternoon my brother ___________________________________（花了两个小时安装）a new light in our bedroom.
68. Brazil_________________（因……而著称）the Amazon rainforest and soccer. Many people travel there every year.
69. Suddenly, Lucy saw a policeman near the bus station. “I may ask him for help” She________（自言自语）.
70. It is important for us ___________________（学会如何表达）our sincere thanks to others.
【答案】66. has a gift/talent for singing
67. spent two hours (in) putting in
68. is famous/known for
69. said to herself
70. to learn (how) to express
【解析】
【66题详解】
句意“多么美妙的歌声啊！所有的学生都认为朱丽叶对唱歌有天赋”。have a gift/talent for对……有天赋；sing唱歌。for为介词，后接doing形式，主语为Julie，故填has a gift/talent for singing。
【67题详解】
句意“昨天下午，我的弟弟花了两个小时在他的卧室安装一个新灯”。spend花费，spend+时间/钱+（in）doing“做某事花了某人……时间/钱”。put in安装；且根据yesterday可知，用一般过去时，故填spent two hours（in）putting in。
【68题详解】
句意“巴西因亚马逊雨林和足球而著名，每年有许多人去那里旅行”。be famous/known for因……而著称，本句话为客观事实，用一般现在时，且主语为Brazil，用单数，故填is famous/known for。
【69题详解】
句意“露西突然看到警察在车站旁边，她自言自语道：我可以向他寻求帮助”。say to oneself自言自语，根据Lucy可知，用herself，且根据saw可知，用一般过去时，故填said to herself。
【70题详解】
句意“对于我们来说，学习如何向其他人表达我们真诚的感谢是重要的”。learn学习，express表达，根据it is adj for sb to do sth“对于某人来说做某事是……”可知，空处用to do。本句话既可以用learn to do“学习做某事”，也可以在learn后加一个从句，译为“如何表达”，故填to learn (how) to express。
七、任务型阅读
请阅读下面短文，在短文后表格中的空白处填上适当的单词（注意：每空1个单词）。
What would you do if you felt anxious（焦虑的）？Would you feel better if someone else could share his or her experiences with you? In the United States, two teenage girls set up a mental health camp called “Healing（治愈）Hearts” to help people deal with anxiety.
The idea of creating the camp came from Dinah Martinez, 17, and her schoolmate Janet Martinez, 18. Both girls suffered from anxiety.
Dinah Martinez always did well in school. “But then I just started to collapse（崩溃）,”Dinah
Martinez said. She stopped talking to her friends, stopped going to school for three weeks and stayed at home.
Janet Martinez was anxious in elementary school. Things got even worse in junior high. “It was a lot of pressure（压力）I put on myself. I would wake up in the morning and it was like my heart was racing,” she said.
The girls’ camp idea got support from Girls Leading Our World (GLOW) in the US. The organization awarded them $ 5,000 to put on the camp for other teenage girls.
The “Healing Hearts” camp was created to “help deal with anxiety, especially with girls in high school because that’s when they are the most vulnerable（脆弱的）, “Janet Martinez said.
On the first day of the camp, 10 girls were there. Experts at the camp talked about anxiety. They helped girls who were experiencing anxiety. The girls learned how to calm themselves when they are anxious. They learned about calming methods like deep breathing and guided mediation（调节）.
” It’s good to know that someone else is going through the same thing as me and we can both help each other out,” Dinah Martinez said.
| Title: The “Healing Hearts” Camp | |
| Background | Two girls suffered from anxiety, so they ______71______up with the idea of setting up a mental health camp. |
| Support | Girls Leading Our World gave them an award of $ 5,000 to put on the camp for _______72_______ teenage girls. |
| _____73_____ | To help deal with anxiety, especially with girls in high school when they are the most vulnerable. |
| Activities | Experts talked about anxiety and helped girls with anxiety.
The girls learned how to keep ______74______ when they are anxious, like deep breathing and guided mediation. |
| Conclusion | It’s good to give a hand to those whose experiences are_____75_____ to Dinah Martinez’s. |
【答案】71. came
72. other 73. Purpose(s) /Aim(s) /Goal(s)
74. calm 75. similar
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述戴娜马丁内斯和珍妮特马丁内斯两个人创办了“治愈心灵营”，在这里可以帮助女孩们处理焦虑，以及这个营得到了组织的支持。
【71题详解】
细节理解题。根据The idea of creating the camp came from Dinah Martinez, 17, and her schoolmate Janet Martinez, 18. Both girls suffered from anxiety可知，这两个女孩经受了焦虑，所以他们想出创立一个心理健康营，come up with想出，且根据句意可知，用一般过去时，故填came。
【72题详解】
细节理解题。根据The organization awarded them $ 5,000 to put on the camp for other teenage girls可知，女孩引领世界给他们5000美元奖励让他们为其他女孩举办夏令营。other其他的，且空后有名词girls，故填other。
【73题详解】
细节理解题。根据The “Healing Hearts” camp was created to “help deal with anxiety, especially with girls in high school because that’s when they are the most vulnerable（脆弱的）, “Janet Martinez said可知，“治愈心灵”夏令营的成立的目的是为了“帮助缓解焦虑，尤其是对高中女生，因为这是她们最脆弱的时候。purpose/aim/goal目标、目的，根据句意可知，用单复数均可，故填Purpose(s) /Aim(s) /Goal(s)。
【74题详解】
细节理解题。根据The girls learned how to calm themselves when they are anxious可知，女孩们学习当他们焦虑时如何保持镇定。keep calm保持镇定，故填calm。
【75题详解】
细节理解题。根据It’s good to know that someone else is going through the same thing as me and we can both help each other out,” Dinah Martinez said可知，知道别人和我有同样的经历是件好事，我们可以互相帮助。be similar to与……相似，故填similar。
76.书面表达
76. 减负之后，同学们有了更多的课余时间。某校英语角就“如何让课余生活更有意义？”展开了讨论，大家各抒己见。请你根据下图提示，以“How To Make Our Spare Time More
Meaningful?”为题，用英语写一篇短文。
注意： (1)短文应包括所给内容要点，可适当发挥，使文章连贯;
(2)词数90左右，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数;
(3)短文中不得出现考生的真实姓名、校名等信息。
(4)参考词汇：提升素养promote literacy
How To Make Our Spare Time More Meaningful?
Nowadays, we students have much more spare time than ever before, but how to make our spare time more meaningful?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Nowadays, we students have much more spare time than ever before, but how to make our spare time more meaningful?
My schoolmates give the following suggestions. First, it’s good to help our parents do some housework to show our love for them. Second, we will know more about the world by reading. Third, it is a good chance for us to get close to nature and relax ourselves.
In my opinion, we can do some sports to make us stronger and healthier. What’s more, we can take an active part in some social activities as volunteers to help those in need.
In a word, let’s make full use of our spare time and promote our literacy.
【解析】
【详解】本文属于材料作文，要表达如何让课外生活更有意义。根据要表达的内容确定并准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑，可适当增加内容。
亮点说明：这是一篇优秀的作文，很好的完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习惯，准确运用时态、主谓一致，特别使用一些亮点词句，如a good chance to do, get close to, in my opinion, what’s more, take an active part in, in a word, make full use of, spare time以及“比较级and比较级”等，增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，用词准确，句子通顺，行文连贯。
【点睛】写作时可以从以下几个方面做起：
认真审题。审好题是写好书面表达的关键。审题时要注意试题的要求，抓住要点，词数符合要求。
构思提纲。有了提纲，我们就可以根据提纲和主题确定相关的写作材料。通常书面表达给出的话题是开放的，而具体的内容要求学生自己发挥，因此选择恰当的素材也是使短文中心突出、明确的关键。
初写短文。一切都准备就绪，就可以动笔写作了，在写作的过程中我们要注意句子的准确性、连贯性以及简洁性。使用的词语、短语及句型尽量用自己有把握的词。同时还要注意使用恰当的连词，使句子衔接自然。
修改润色。修改润色是获取高分的必要步骤。这一步我们除了检查短文的各种错误外，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，格式是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。
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