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考点五十七 书面表达之说明介绍类
说明文是中考书面表达题中常见的写作形式。在初中阶段，说明文主要要求考生将活动、人物、地点等要素进行清楚的描述，考查考生的观察能力和将图表或所给提示转化为完整文字信息的能力。
要写出一篇合乎要求的说明文，应注意以下几点：
一审 要想做到文章切题、要点齐全，审题至关重要。下笔之前要将所给的材料看清楚，读懂材料所要表达的内容或情景。
二定 一定要点：根据所给材料要点，定出中心句。注意适当发挥，避免逐字逐句翻译。二定方法：常用的说明方法有举例法、过程分析法、分类法、因果分析法、比较法、细节法等。要根据说明的对象、目的来选择最佳的说明方法。
三理 理顺各中心句之间的关系，排列好各中心句的顺序。说明文常用的结构安排顺序有以下三种：时间顺序、空间顾序和逻辑顺序。合理的次序会使文章条理清楚、脉络明晰。
四查 查写作要点，查段落层次，查时态语态，查用词、拼写、标点等。通过检查，可以避免一些不必要的错误，使文章趋于完美。
人物说明文
◆写作要求
人物说明文一般包括人物的出生年月、主要经历、事迹成就、影响和评价等。首先要全面了解这个人，然后根据需要选取写作素材，简明扼要又重点突出地去介绍，力求真实准确，恰如其分。人物介绍一般都是从外形到性格，或从一般经历到创造性的贡献，在最后常有结论性的评语。
写人物说明文一般包括以下几点：
1. 出生年月；2. 主要经历；3. 事迹成就；4. 影响、评价。
叙述方法：一般按照时间顺序，从外形到性格，从一般经历到创造性的贡献，最后常有结论性的评语。
语言简洁生动：说明文的目的是向读者介绍他们不了解、不熟悉的人物、事理等，因此说明文的语言要浅显、简洁、生动。
时态语态：说明文常用一般现在时。如果说明的是人物、事物过去或将来的情况，则要用过去或将来的有关时态。另外，由于说明文重点放在被说明的人物、事物上，故有些说明文被动语态的使用频率相对比较高。
◆写作摸板
介绍人物
典型事迹
作出评价
Can you…? Do you know…?
He is called … We all …
He often … One day… Not only… but also…
引出人物
He is … He was born… He graduated from… He likes…
◆主题归纳
【常用词汇】
1. 表示外貌特征：beautiful, big nose, black eyes, fat, good-looking, handsome, healthy, near-sighted, ordinary-looking, pretty, short, strong, tall, thin, with a big smile, white-haired, curly/ straight hair, medium height…
2. 表示性格特点：absent-minded, attractive, bad-tempered, bright, confident, friendly, generous, humorous, kind, kind-hearted, lazy, naughty, smart, warm-hearted, wise, outgoing, quiet…
3. 表示兴趣爱好：be good at, be interested in, be fond of, be pleased with, enjoy doing, expect to do, look forward to doing sth, put one’s heart into…
4. 表示经历事迹：become a member of the …, concentrate on doing sth, devote oneself to, encourage sb to do sth, fight for, have a good way of doing sth, make up one’s mind to do sth, try one’s best to do sth…
5. 表示他人评价：a model …, be considered as, be famous / known as, be regarded as, make great contributions to our country, set a good example to all of us…
【常用句型】
1. He/ She is really… 他/她真的是……
2. He/ She looks like… 他/她看上去像……
3. He used to be/ have … 他过去常常……
4. Her favourite… is… 她最喜欢的……是……
5. She is good at… 她擅长……
事物说明文
◆写作要求
事物说明文是以介绍事物的形状、构造、性质、变化、类别、状态、功能、成因、结果等方面的特征。说明的目的是给读者提供知识，使之理解客观世界，掌握解决问题的方法。对中学生而言，事物说明文的出题形式为文字、图标、图表、文体则可见于短文、书信、便条、日记等。写说事物明文必须注意事实准确，表达清晰，条理清楚，层次分明，语言简练，用词准确。
要写好事物说明文应注意以下几点：
1. 要善于抓住事物的特征
介绍事物，一定要抓住事物的特征。所谓特征，就是这一事物区别与其他事物的标志。只有抓住了事物的特征，才能将其状貌、性质、成因、功能和意义等说的明白、清楚。这种写作方法尤其适用于描写大家所熟悉的而又具有新的、与众不同的特征的事物。
2. 要遵循一定的顺序
介绍一件事物，目的是让读者清楚地了解事物本身的特点、性质以及用途等，因此更需要条理清楚。我们可以按以下三类顺序说明事物：
(1)时间顺序，即按事物的发生、发展的先后顺序进行说明。
(2)空间顺序，即按事物空间位置的顺序，由上至下，由近及远或由里至外地进行说明。
(3)逻辑顺序，即按人们认识事物的规律进行说明，如由概括到具体，由整体到部分，由现象到本质，由表及里，由原因到结果，由主要到次要，由特点到用途等。
3. 运用恰当的语言
介绍事物，文字要力求简洁、明白、准确。除讲究语言平实准确的前提下，我们还可以运用描写的方法，来增添文章的可读性。
◆注意事项
事物说明文的主要特点：一是知识性和科学性，二是应用性和解说性，三是行文的条理性。写这类文章宜少用描写，要用具体翔实的材料说明问题，而不要抽象、空洞的讨论。语言要简洁、准确、条理要清楚。讨论问题是要集中，切忌面面俱到。说明文的时态常用一般现在时，语态常用被动语态，有时用虚拟语气。
◆写作摸板
(1)
| (事物) is / lies (地理位置) . It has/ is (特征) . There are many places of interest here, for example, (景点介绍) . There are also many (人们的活动、风俗等) .
I hope/ think (看法和感受) . |
(2)
| The table below shows that (说明问题或现象) .
(数据) percent (现象一) . (数据) percent (现象二) . (数据) percent (现象三) . In my opinion (自己的观点或感受) . |
◆主题归纳
【常用词汇】
1. 表示形状：round, square, long, tall, short, triangular(三角形的)…
2. 表示材料：wood, wool, cotton, metal, plastic, gold …
3. 表示特点：important, common, sweet, crispy, sour, salty, hard, soft, delicious, nice, fresh, pleasant, popular …
【常用句型】
1. It’s 400 meters long/ wide/ high. 它有400米长/宽/高。
2. The ruler is as long as that one. 这把尺子与那把一样长。
3. It’s made of/ from wood. 它是由木材做成的。
4. All that we can do is to … 我们所能做的就是……
5. It is quite clear that … 十分清楚的是……
6. There are some reasons for … 关于……有以下理由。
方式、方法说明文
◆写作要求
常见的方式、方法说明文有学习方法指导、产品使用说明、操作程序介绍、计划安排等。
写这类说明文应把握的要点有：
首先，要细致、准确地了解被说明对象的发展变化规律，也就是要准确地把握一个步骤或进程，不跳跃，不遗漏。只有这样，才能写出能够指导我们生活、工作、学习的说明文。
其次，要用准确、科学的语言来表达。方式、方法说明文所涉及的多是操作步骤、使用方法之类的内容，所以写作时不要说外行话。
再者，内容要点要有详略安排。关键的要点应详写，其余的可以略写。根据说明对象的不同特点来安排详略，不仅能使读者了解其关键所在，还可以避免文章的呆板乏味。
◆主题归纳
【常用单词】
1. 表示建议：should, had better do, suggest, advice, …is a good way…
2. 表示步骤：first of all, at last, and then, after that…
3. 表示计划：plan / prepare for/ to do, be going to, will…
【常用句型】
1. With the rapidly growing popularity of… 随着……的快速普及……
2. It is quite clear that… 十分清楚的是……
3. There are some reasons for … 关于……有以下理由。
4. A recent survey suggests that… 最近的一项调查显示……
5. All we can do is to … 我们所能做的就是……
(一)
假如钢琴家(pianist)李云迪是你的偶像，请根据下表提示，以My hero 为题写一篇短文，90词左右，可适当发挥，开头不计入总词数。
| 出生年份及地点 | 1982年，中国中部 | 才能 | 很小就能唱较难的歌曲
对音乐有天赋 |
| 学习历程 | 4岁学习手风琴(accordion)；
7岁开始对钢琴感兴趣；自那以后就痴迷于弹钢琴； 每天苦练，有时太沉浸于音乐世界以至于忘记吃饭。 |
||
| 成就 | 在国际比赛中多次获第一名，在世界各地举办过许多音乐会 | ||
| 你的愿望 | 至少两点 | ||
My Hero
Yundi Li is my hero. _______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(二)
请你根据以下要点，写一篇短文，词数在90左右。
要点：1. 成龙(Jackie Chan)是世界上最伟大的功夫巨星之一。作为歌手和导演也很有名。
2. 1954年出生于香港，自小就梦想进入电影业。
3. 1978年的电影《醉拳》( Drunken Master )标志着他成功生涯的开始，片中他成功地将幽默和激动人心的动作结合在一起。
4. 他的成就远不仅限于功夫巨星。他致力于慈善工作很多年。
5. 我认为……
注意：1. 第5点必须用1 ~ 2句话作适当的发挥。
2. 短文必须包括所有内容要点，要求语句通顺，意思连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(三)
人生如旅。在你的成长过程中，许多人感动着你也影响着你，如：父母、老师、朋友、故事中的人……假设最近你们市正举行以＂The person who has influenced me most＂为话题的中学生英语征文活动，Spud Webb深深地影响着你，请根据表格中的内容要点完成征文。
Spud Webb |
|
| 基本情况 | 1. 个头矮小，梦想进入NBA
2. 一直为梦想而奋斗 3. 1985年成为NBA球员 |
| 成功原因 | 1. ……
2. …… |
| 对我的影响 | …… |
要求：1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2. 必须包括表格中所有的相关信息，并适当发挥；
3. 词数：100词左右(正文的开头已给出，不计入总词数)；
4. 不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
The person who has influenced me most is Spud Webb.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题组一
(一)【2019 •浙江省杭州市】
假定你是李平，最近收到意大利朋友Linda的电子邮件。以下是邮件的一部分，请你阅读后回复，词数80左右。
Subject:
From: Linda
To: Li Ping
…
I’m really looking forward to meeting your brother when he comes to Rome in the summer. I can show him around the city! Please tell me something about him! How old is he? What does he look like? What kind of person is he and what’s he interested in?
Hope to hear from you soon.
Love,
Linda
Subject:
From: Li Ping
To: Linda
Dear Linda,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Ping
(二)【2019 •甘肃省敦煌市】
我们生活学习在美丽的甘肃。假设你所在的学校正在组织一个“让世界了解甘肃、让走向世界＂的活动，请根据以下思维导图的提示，以” The Introduction of Gansu Province”为题，写一篇介绍甘肃的英语短文。
要求：1. 文中需包含思维导图中的主要内容；
2. 句子及篇章结构准确、连贯，书写规范；
3. 可做适量拓展；
4. 词数：80词左右。(标题需抄写在答题卡对应作答区域，不计入总词数)
The Introduction of Gansu Province
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(三)【2019 •湖南省郴州市】
在英语课上, 老师将组织以“说出你的烦恼”(Speak out your worries)为主题的交流活动。假如你是李华, 请根据以下表格中提供的信息, 用英语写一篇发言稿, 说出你的烦恼和愿望。
| Worries | Wishes |
| too strict, too much homework …
little time for outdoor activities… hard to communicate with… …. |
less homework…
more chances … get on well with … … |
要求：
1短文须包含表格中的所有信息, 并适当发挥；
2词数：80词左右(短文开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数)；
3. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名。
Hello, everyone,
I am Li Hua. I’d like to speak out my worries and wishes. __________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.
(四)【2019 •山东省滨州市】
即将毕业，请以“My favorite teacher”为题，写一篇英语短文，短文包括以下内容：
1. 老师的外貌、性格、所教科目等；
2. 以事例描述喜爱的原因；
3. 表达对这位老师的感激和祝福。
要求：
1. 要点齐全，并适当发挥；
2. 文中不得出现真实 姓名与校名；
3. 卷面整洁，书写美观，课适当加2-3分；
4. 词数：80词左右，开头部分已给出，不计入总词数。
My favorite teacher
It’s time to graduate from junior high school. I’d like to write something about my favorite teacher. ________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(五)【2019 •广西百色市】
假设李华是你的同班同学，请根据以下提示及要求，用英语写一篇题为” My Classmate”的短文。
提示：1. 他个子高，长相英俊，成绩优秀，擅长运动；
2. 他乐于助人(举一个例子)；
3. 对他的评价。
要求：1. 文中不能出现真实的姓名及校名；
2. 词数80左右。
My Classmate
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(六)【2019 •湖南省岳阳市】
假如下面是你们班教室里的照片墙，墙上记录了中考前学习和生活的点点滴滴，以及考前老师的温馨提示．忘不了备战中考时充实而快乐的时光，请你以”Preparation for High School Entrance Exam”(备战中考)为题，写一篇80﹣100词的短文．
要求：(1)请阐述图中信息，可适当发挥；
(2)文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名；
(3)字迹工整，语言流畅，表达正确．
| 学
习 区 |
Listen to the teacher |
生
活 区 |
Eat healthy food |
提
示 区 |
Avoid making mistakes |
Take notes |
Exercise |
Learn to relax |
|||
Finish doing… |
Have enough sleep |
Be on time |
|||
| … | … | … |
Preparation for High School Entrance Exam
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题组二
(一)(2018年四川省乐山市中考)
现在，戴眼镜的学生越来越多；为此，国家把每年 6 月 6 日定为爱眼日。请你结合自己的体会，就如何爱护眼睛，给校报英语栏目写一篇短文。内容包括：
1. 吃有益于眼睛的食物，如：胡萝卜、鸡蛋等；
2. 多做眼保健操，长时间用眼后可看看远方；
3. 养成良好的用眼习惯，如：不躺着玩手机或看书等。
注意：1. 词数 80 词左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Nowadays, more and more students are getting near-sighted, so National Eye Care Day is set on June 6 every year. ____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(二)(2018年内蒙古包头市中考)
假设你是李华，请给你们的美籍教师Bob写一封电子邮件，向他简要介绍你校即将举办的英语文化节( English Culture Festival)，邀请他参加本次活动，并请他在节目最后做一个关于如何学好英语的讲座。
邮件还应包括以下内容:
1. 活动时间：本周五下午14:30—17:30;
2. 活动地点：报告厅( Lecture Hall);
3. 活动内容：学生演唱英文歌曲……
注意:1. 词数90左右，开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3. 文中不得出现反映考生信息的真实人名、地名等内容。
Dear Bob,
How is it going? __________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
(三)
(2017﹒山东德州)假如你叫张明，你的外国朋友John发来邮件，请你介绍中国的传统节日。请根据表格内容提示及要求给他写一封80—100词的回信。
| Festivals | Time | Food | Activities | Meanings | |
| 1 | The Lantern Festival | In January or February | yuanxiao | Watch lantern shows and dragon dances | Pray for health and happiness for the whole year |
| 2 | The Mid-Autumn Festival | In the middle of autumn | mooncakes | Watch the moon;
Tell the story of Chang’e |
Celebrate harvest; get together with the family |
| 3 | … | … | … | … | … |
参考词汇：pray for祈求；harvest丰收
要求：1. 描述节日1和节日2，并自主选择节日3进行介绍，包括节日名称、时间、美食、活动方式及意义等；
2. 语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；
3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称；
4. 文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
| From | Zhang Ming |
| To | John |
| Subject | An introduction of Chinese festivals |
| Dear John,
Glad to receive you email. You asked me about festivals in China. Let me introduce some important ones to you. First of all, I want to introduce the Lantern Festival. It comes in January or February. ____________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Can you tell me something about the festivals in your country? I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Zhang Ming |
|
(四)
(2017﹒浙江金华)假如你应邀参加一个国际读书会，并将分享自己读过的一本好书。请根据下列表格中的要点，用英语写一篇短文，介绍你要分享的书。
| Key points(要点) | Words and expressions for reference(参考词汇) | |
| What the name is | The Old Man and the Sea | … |
| Who wrote it | Ernest Hemingway, America | … |
| What it is about | Fisherman,
Fight against fish and nature |
… |
| Why I like it | Meaningful, never give up
Well-known sentence: ＂Man is not made for defeat(失败).＂, … |
Interesting, helpful, …
Well-known sentence: … |
注意：(1)可选择使用所给的书名及内容，也可另选书籍；
(2)短文内容可适当增加；
(3)文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；
(4)词数：80~100；
(5)短文首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。
The book I’d like to share with you is The Old Man and the Sea. ____________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(五)
(2017﹒四川南充)假如你是李华，你的笔友Frank 是一名美国中学生，打算今年暑假来南充旅游。请你根据以下思维导图，用英语写一封email 给他介绍一下南充。
要求：1.语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范；
2.必须包含思维导图所给的提示，并做适当发挥；
3.行文中不得出现真实人名，校名或地名(思维导图中提及的除外)；
4.词数：80-100(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。
Dear Frank,
I’m glad to hear that you will come to Nanchong this summer vacation._______________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hope to see you!
Yours,
Li Hua
(六)
(2017﹒内蒙古赤峰)假如你是来自希望中学的李华，即将开始高中的学习生活，面对新老师、新同学，请用英文做一下自我介绍，可以涵盖以下内容：
1. 在家和学校的表现； 2. 兴趣与爱好； 3. 对高中生活的展望。
要求：1. 除以上内容外，可适当发挥。
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名或地名，否则不予赋分。
3. 100词左右；首尾句已给出，不计入总词数。
4. 请在答题卡指定位置作答，否则无效。
Hello, everybody! My name is Li Hua. I’m from the Hope Middle School._____________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
(一)
(福建省泉州市泉港区2018届九年级上学期期中教学质量检测)根据下列的信息，用英文写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍你的家乡——泉州。
概况
◆位于中国东南，风景优美；历史悠久，人口8, 500, 000；
◆这些年发生巨大变化，新建了许多高楼、道路等；
◆有很多名胜，如：开元寺、府文庙、清源山等；
◆其他：一句祝福的话，对家乡的感情。
要求：1)必须用上以上所有的信息，语句通顺，书写规范；
2)词数80左右，已给出的句子不计入总词数。
3)短文中请勿使用真实姓名、地点或所在学校名称。
提示词：history; population; places of interest; Kaiyuan Temple, Confucious’ Temple，Mount Qingyuan;
Good morning, everyone! Now let me tell you something about my hometown, Quanzhou.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(二)
(2017-2018扬州市宝应县九年级英语期中)王老师是对你影响最深的英语老师，请根据要点向别人介绍她，词数100左右。
要点：1. 她三十多岁，在我们学校教书十多年了，她经常穿红色的衣服，充满活力；她很勤勉，赢得了学生的高度赞扬；
2. 当我们有烦恼时，她都会……；去年，在她的帮助下，……；
3. 似乎对我们比对她的家人更好，我认为……
要求：1. 文章须包括所给内容要点，要求语句通顺，意思连贯；
2. 根据要点适当发挥。
Miss Wang is the English teacher who _________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(三)
(无锡市梁溪区江南中学2017学年初三期末)近日，学校正进行＂才艺之星＂评比，假如你叫李玲，请根据以下表达自己，内容要点如下：
| 基本信息 | 15岁，九年级 |
| 个人经历 | 从小就梦想成为一名成功的歌手；
8岁开始学习弹吉他，多次在吉他比赛中获奖 现在，经常边弹边唱，并打算举办一个小型音乐会 |
| 兴趣爱好 | 听古典音乐，认为其有持久的价值；
观看访谈节目，因为节目中有许多名人谈论他们的生活 |
| 心中偶像 | 姓名：……
理由：…… |
注意事项：1. 演讲稿需要包括所给内容要点，要求语句通顺，意思连贯；
2. 需要用2-3句话展开合理想象，作适当发挥；
3. 词数在90左右，文稿的开头已经给出，不计入总词数；
4. 参考词汇：古典 classical
Good afternoon, everyone. I am Li Ling. I’m 15 years old. I’m in Grade 9 ____________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
跟踪训练
(一)
【思路导航】
这篇作文要求我们以My hero为题，写一篇文章介绍自己的偶像李云迪。题目中利用表格的形式，给出了李云迪的一些具体情况，如他的出生年份、出生地、才能、学习历程、成就等，并发挥自己的想象力，将你的愿望这一栏的内容补充完整，并表达出来。通过分析可知，在介绍有关李云迪的具体情况时，应主要使用一般过去时态或现在完成时。而自己的愿望应用一般现在时态。因此写作时要注意根据表达的需要，变换使用正确的时态，并注意动词的正确形式。叙述要有条理，不能遗漏要点。并使用一些较好的句型、短语，增强文章的表现力，使文意连贯，表达流畅。
【参考范文】
Yundi Li was born in 1982 in central China. He could sing very difficult songs when he was very young. He has a real gift for music. He learnt to play the accordion when he was 4. He began to show an interest in piano at the age of 7. And he has been crazy about playing the piano since then. He practiced hard every day. Sometimes he enjoyed himself in the world of music so much that he forgot to have meals. He has won the first prize in the international competitions several times. He has held many concerts around the world. I hope to learn from him. And I also hope that one day I can meet him and play the piano together with him.
【亮点说明】
这是一篇优秀的作文，短文中作者根据题目要求介绍了关于偶像李云迪的情况以及自己的愿望。首先短文内容完整，叙述条理清晰。短文中包含了题目要求的所有要点，内容充实，叙述清楚，要点全面。其次短文中使用了正确的时态和人称，并能根据表达的需要变化动词的形式，使用正确的时态。如李云迪的出生年份和出生地是一般过去时态，学习历程是过去时态；成就部分中主要使用了现在完成时；自己的愿望这部分使用了一般现在时态。最后这篇短文语法规范，符合英语的表达习惯。文章中较好的句型有He could sing very difficult songs when he was very young.，He has a real gift for music.，And he has been crazy about playing the piano since then.，Sometimes he enjoyed himself in the world of music so much that he forgot to have meals.，And I also hope that one day I can meet him and play the piano together with him等。
(二)
【思路导航】
本文属于材料作文，主要介绍成龙。根据要表达的内容确定并准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑，可适当增加内容。
【参考范文】
Jackie Chan is one of the greatest kung fu superstars in the world. He is also famous as a singer and a director. Jackie Chan was born in Hong Kong in 1954. He dreamt of entering the film industry when he was young. The film Drunken Master in 1978 marked the beginning of his successful career. In the film he successfully joined humour and exciting action together. His achievements are far snore than a kung fu superstar. He has devoted many years to charity work. I think he is such a great person that he will always be remembered.
【亮点说明】
这是一篇优秀的作文，很好地完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习惯，准确运用时态、主谓一致，特别适用一些亮点词句，如one of+形容词的最高级，be born in, dream of, mark, career, achievement以及devote to等。增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，用词准确，句子通顺，行文连贯。
(三)
【思路导航】
这篇作文要求我们写一个对自己影响最大的人——Spud Webb，题目中给出了这个人的基本情况介绍，但是不完整，他成功的原因以及对你的影响这两部分内容需要学生们自己发挥想象力，补充完整。因此写作的时候，要首先对这两部分的内容进行规划，充实内容，使文章完整。其次要注意这篇短文的时态，应该用一般现在时态和一般过去时态，根据具体表达的内容确定，变化动词的形式。最后要注意使用符合英语表达习惯的词汇、句型和短语，不能逐句翻译。句子之间使用适当的过度词，如副词、连词等，使文意连贯，表达流畅。
【参考范文】
The person who has influenced me most is Spud Webb.
Spud Webb was born in 1963 in the USA. He was short then, but he had a big dream — to play basketball in the NBA. He was fighting for his dream since his childhood. As a saying goes，＂Where there is a will, there is a way. ＂ In 1985, he became an NBA player.
What led Spud Webb to success? First, he didn’t lose heart or give up even when he was refused to play basketball in the team because of his height. Second, he was able to take every chance.
Spud Webb has influenced me a lot. When I face difficulty in my daily life, his spirit keeps me going and encourages me to take on new challenges.
【亮点说明】
这是一篇优秀的作文，短文作者按照题目要求介绍了对他影响最大的人，首先文章内容完整，层次清晰主要分为三个部分：一是Spud Webb的个人基本情况；第二是他成功的原因，介绍了两个。最后一部分是他对自己的影响。其次短文中使用了正确的时态和人称，第一部分和第二部分主要使用了一般过去时态；对自己的影响这一部分内容主要使用了一般现在时态。谓语动词形式准确，符合英语的表达规范。最后短文中使用了较丰富的句型，如He was short then, but he had a big dream—to play basketball in the NBA.、As a saying goes，Where there is a will, there is a way.、First, he didn’t lose heart or give up even when he was refused to play basketball in the team because of his height、When I face difficulty in my daily life, his spirit keeps me going and encourages me to take on new challenges等。
真题再现
题组一
(一)
【写作思路】
这篇作文要求我们对Linda的电子邮件进行回复。写作前，应先阅读Linda的来信，了解信中她想知道的事情，然后有针对性地给她进行介绍。审题可知，Linda在信中提到她想要了解你哥哥的一些情况，她提出了三个问题，“他多大了”；“他是什么样子的”；“他是怎样的人以及他的兴趣”，回信中应对Linda的这些提问进行回答，并根据表达的需要，补充一些细节内容，使文章更加充实、丰富。短文应使用一般现在时、第三人称来叙述，注意谓语动词的正确形式。写作时应注意：首先内容应符合题目要求，并且叙述要注意层次和结构；其次应注意英语的表达问题，应符合英文句式的特点以及表达习惯，不能写汉语式的英语。可以简单句结构为主，穿插并列句、复合句以及其他复杂句式和结构，提升作文档次。同时语句之间使用恰当的连接成分，使文意连贯、自然。
【参考范文】
Dear Linda,
Thank you so much for agreeing to show my brother around Rome. Now let me tell you something about my brother. He is thirteen years old, easy-going and humorous-we get along really well. He loves different cultures. He is interested in museums and likes trying local food.
My brother is also cute. He’s of medium height with short straight black hair. He is good at Chinese kungfu, and usually wears T-shirts and jeans.
Thanks again for your help!
Yours,
Li Ping
【名师点评】
这是一篇优秀的作文，短文中作者以李平的身份给Linda写了回信，介绍了哥哥的一些情况。首先短文内容符合题目要求，按照Linda在来信中的提问，介绍了哥哥的年龄、外貌、兴趣爱好等信息。其次短文使用了正确的时态和人称，文章以一般现在时、第三人称单数来叙述，符合题目要求，尤其注意了谓语动词第三人称单数形式的变化，这是学生们学习中的一个难点。句式结构完整，符合英语的表达习惯。短文中主要使用了简单句、并列句和复合句，还使用了非谓语动词，如动词不定式、现在分词等。文章中较好的句型和短语有：Thank you so much for agreeing to show my brother around Rome.、He is thirteen years old, easy-going and humorous-we get along really well. 、He is interested in museums and likes trying local food.、He’s of medium height with short straight black hair.、 He is good at Chinese kungfu, and usually wears T-shirts and jeans.等等。
(二)
【写作思路】
本文属于材料作文，介绍甘肃省。根据要表达的内容确定并准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑，可适当增加内容。
【参考范文】
The Introduction of Gansu Province
Gansu Province lies in the northwest of China. It covers an area of 425,900 square kilometers. There are 26 million people living there. Lanzhou is the capital city of Gansu Province. The weather in Gansu is different from place to place and the temperature is usually quite different from day to night. If you want to go travelling in Gansu，May to October is the best time. Mogao Grotto which is the world famous art palace and Jiayuguan Pass，the western end of the Great Wall，are two of the must-see places of interest in Gansu.
【名师点评】
这是一篇优秀的作文，很好地完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习惯，准确运用时态、主谓一致，特别使用一些亮点词句，如lie in, there be, the capital city of, be different from, end of, places of interest以及which引导的定语从句，增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，用词准确，句子通顺，行文连贯。
(三)
【写作思路】
考生首先要认真阅读前面的提示认真审题，确定文章的中心。注意文章文体、人称和时态。运用适当的短语表达中心思想，增加作文的可读性。完成提示词时也要符合事实。温馨提醒：考生必须认真查验是否有漏写情况，有无拼写错误及标点误用等。
【参考范文】
Hello, everyone,
I am Li Hua. I’d like to speak out my worries and wishes. My teachers are too strict. They have too much homework to do every day．And I feel stressed too much．I wish I can have less homework. I think my parents are too strict with me．They give us little time for outdoor activities. It’s hard for me to communicate with their parents．I wish I can have more chances to play with my friends. I wish I can get on well with my parents.
That’s all. Thank you.
【名师点评】
这篇短文使用了一些固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少。学习中注意总结,牢记一些固定句式及短语,写作时就可以适当引用,使文章的表达更有逻辑性,更富有条理。
(四)
【参考范文】
My favorite teacher
It’s time to graduate from junior high school. I’d like to write something about my favorite teacher. Of all the teachers, I like my English teacher best. She is a lovely and outgoing girl who loves singing and reading. She is of medium height and has long straight hair.
When I was in Grade Seven, I was so shy that I was afraid to take part in the English competition. She encouraged me not to give up any chance to show myself to others. Thanks to her, I changed my attitude and won the first prize.
I will never forget the wonderful time we were together. Best wishes to her!
【名师点评】
这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少，如graduate from，of all the teachers，of medium height，so that，be afraid to do，take part in，give up，encourage sb. to do，at the weekends，thanks to sb.，the first prize等。而并列结构She is of medium height and has long straight hair./ I changed my attitude and won the first prize.和She is a lovely and outgoing girl who loves singing and reading./ When I was in Grade Seven, I was so shy that I was afraid to take part in the English competition./ I will never forget the wonderful time we were together.等复杂从句结构的运用，丰富了短文内容，使表达多样化，是本文的亮点。在学习中注意总结牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章表达更有逻辑性，也更富有条理。
(五)
【参考范文】
My Classmate
Li Hua is my classmate and my good friend．He is tall and handsome．His grades are excellent and he always does well in exams．He is also good at sports because he thinks health is very important．【高分句型一】(外貌和特长)He is ready to help others．He often helps me with my English． Last year he helped a ten﹣year﹣old boy who lost his way find his mother．(乐于助人)I think Li Hua is a kind person．Everybody in my class likes him very much． (对他的评价)I hope we will be good friends forever．【高分句型二】(愿望)
(六)
【参考范文】
Preparation for High School Entrance Exam
Time flies，our junior high school life is coming to an end．I can’t forget the time when I was preparing for the high school entrance examination．【高分句型一】(点题)On the photo wall of our classroom， we recorded the dribs and drabs of our study and life before the high school entrance examination．We listen to the teacher carefully in class and take notes carefully at the same time．We go to bed after finishing our homework every day．(学习区)We eat healthy food and exercise every day．Getting enough sleep is also important．【高分句型二】(生活区)The teacher often reminds us to avoid making mistakes．We must be on time for class．He also taught us to relax．(提示区)
题组二
(一)
Nowadays, more and more students are getting near-sighted, so National Eye Care Day is set on June 6 every year. As we all know, eyes are the windows to the soul. We should try our best to protect them. Here are some suggestions for good eye health.
First, eat some foods that are good for eyes, such as carrots and eggs. Second, do more eye exercises to make them relax. Also, it’s helpful to look far away from time to time after studying long. Finally, make sure to have a good eye habit. Don’t read books or use a cell phone in bed.
In a word, eyes are so important that all of us should do what we can to keep them healthy.
【名师点评】这篇习作的层次清晰，内容饱满，表达流畅。文中使用了非常好的短语，例如more and more, National Eye Care Day, every year, as we all know, try our best, be good for, such as, do more eye exercises, be helpful to, look far away, from time to time, make sure, have a good eye habit, in bed, in a word等。而First/Second/Finally等语句的运用，不仅使习作思路清晰，层次分明；而且丰富了习作内容，使表达多样，是本文的最大亮点。
【写作亮点】书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是可任意发挥的作文。它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。所以，考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。
(二)
Dear Bob,
How is it going?
An English Culture Festival will be held in our school. All of us students do hope that you could come and join us.
The activity will begin in the Lecture Hall at 14: 30 this Friday ant last about 3 hours. We’ve prepared many programs for it, for example, English songs. What’s more, some students will perform plays in English.
As you know, many students in our school have difficulty in learning English well. So when the performance finishes, it would be very nice if you could give a talk and provide us with some practical advice.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li hua
【名师点评】
这是一篇给材料作文。要求写一封电子邮件邀请你的美籍老师Bob来参加你校即将举办的英语文化节活动，并请他在节目最后做一个关于如何学好英语的讲座。邮件还应包括以下内容：1. 活动时间：本周五下午14:30—17:30；2. 活动地点：报告厅(Lecture Hall)；3. 活动内容：学生演唱英文歌曲……。根据所给材料内容可知本文时态为一般现在时和一般将来时，人称主要为第一人称。在写作时，要涵盖材料中所提到的所有内容要点，要理顺要点，防止漏写。同时要注意紧扣主题，连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性。要注意语言的表述应该复合语法结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯。要使用自己有把握的句式、单词、词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。最后必须认真检查是否有漏写情况，有无拼写错误及标点误用等。
【亮点说明】
首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可运用适当的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。
(三)
【思路导航】
这是一篇表格作文。根据提示，可知主要介绍三个节日：元宵节、中秋节、及自己选择的一个节日。对于几日的介绍主要涉及节日名称、时间、美食、活动方式及意义几个方面。由于介绍节日情况，所以主要采用一般现在时态，但是要注意第三人称单数的运用。在自选节日介绍时，要选择自己熟悉的节日来介绍，这样语言及内容才会丰富。
【参考范文】
Dear John,
Glad to receive your email. You asked me about festivals in China. Let me introduce some important ones to you.
First of all, I want to introduce the Lantern Festival. It comes in January or February. On that day, we eat yuanxiao, go to watch lantern shows and dragon dances to pray for health and happiness for the whole year.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is in the middle of autumn. It is a time for the family to get together and celebrate harvest. At night, the whole family eats delicious mooncakes and tells the story of Chang’e while watching the big bright moon.
The Spring Festival is the most important for us Chinese. It’s the beginning of a new year. We usually eat dumplings, meat and some other nice food. To welcome the New Year, we do some cleaning, buy new clothes, set off fireworks and visit our relatives. Everyone, young or old, has a happy smile on their faces.
Can you tell me something about the festivals in your country? I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Zhang Ming
【亮点说明】
这篇短文根据提示依次介绍了三个节日的时间，节日饮食，活动方式，及节日对人们的意义。在描写中对相似内容作者运用了不同句式，如：It comes in January or February. The Mid-Autumn Festival is in the middle of autumn. It’s the beginning of a new year.；On that day, we eat yuanxiao, go to watch lantern shows and dragon dances to pray for health and happiness for the whole year.，It is a time for the family to get together and celebrate harvest. The Spring Festival is the most important for us Chinese. 等。短文句式灵活多变，内容丰富。
(四)
【思路导航】
这是一篇给出材料作文。要求介绍自己读过的《老人与海》这本书。主要从书名、作者、内容、喜欢书的原因(即从中学到了什么)几个方面叙述。适当地介绍文中的名句。在运用语言时，不要拘泥于一种形式，注意一个意思可以有多种表达形式。遇到想不起来的词或句型时，可以找同义词、近义词或同义句来代替，这样可以节省时间。在写作时，尽量用自己有把握的方法来表达，用自己最熟悉、最有把握的词句，文章要以叙述清楚为主，避免大量词句堆积以至冗长，尽量少用没有十分把握的＂大词＂或比较复杂的语法结构和句型。
【参考范文】
The book I’d like to share with you is The Old and the Sea, written by an American writer Ernest Hemingway. This book tells about a fisherman who is lucky enough to catch a huge fish at sea, but finds it hard to take it home. On the way back, he has to fight against the fish, and the sea as well.
What I like most about the book is that the fisherman never gives up when meeting with difficulties. I still remember the well-known from the book: Man is not made for defeat. This tells us that nothing seems terrible as long as we have a strong will and a brave heart.
【亮点说明】
这篇短文结构合理，行文流畅，内容丰富，其中长句，复合句的运用非常熟练，为文章添彩。如：定语从句This book tells about a fisherman who is lucky enough to catch a huge fish at sea,；表语从句What I like most about the book is that the fisherman never gives up when meeting with difficulties.；宾语从句I still remember the well-known from the book: Man is not made for defeat.等。
(五)
【思路导航】
这是一篇给材料作文。首先要先读懂思维导图。通过思维导图可知我们要介绍南充的美食、名胜、历史文化。美食包括张飞牛肉、川北凉粉；名胜包括阆州古城、嘉陵江；历史文化包括川北大木偶、三国志作者陈寿等。写作时不要遗漏要点，同时还要根据南充特点做必要的发挥。
【参考范文】
Dear Frank,
I’m glad to hear that you will come to Nanchong this summer vacation. Nanchong is a great city with a long history. You can watch North Sichuan Puppetry and know about Chen Shou, a well-known historian. He wrote a book called Records of the Three Kingdoms.
There are many places of interest in Nanchong. You can visit Langzhong Ancient City. The buildings are so amazing. And you can enjoy the fantastic Jialing River and the wonderful Mount Lingyun. If you want to relax yourself, make sure to try Zhangfei Beef, Clear Noodles in Chili Sauce and other delicious food. Besides, you can have fun and buy something special for your family and friends at Wangfujing Mall.
Hope to see you!
Yours,
Li Hua
【亮点说明】
这篇短文包含了所有要点，能围绕内容适当发挥，如：Besides, you can have fun and buy something special for your family and friends at Wangfujing Mall., 而且短文内容具体、丰富，如：You can watch North Sichuan Puppetry and know about Chen Shou, a well-known historian.，If you want to relax yourself, make sure to try Zhangfei Beef, Clear Noodles in Chili Sauce and other delicious food.等。短文还应用了较丰富的语言结构和词汇, 句子通顺、行文连贯、表达清楚。
(六)
【思路导航】
这是一篇话题作文。在自我介绍中要介绍三个方面：1.在家和学校的表现； 2.兴趣与爱好； 3.对高中生活的展望。所给的提示非常清晰，我们要做的就是根据提示适当发挥。在前两个方面，主要用一般现在时，最后一方面，可以用将来时的句式。写作中注意选择自己熟悉的句式，适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系。
【参考范文】
Hello, everybody! My name is Li Hua. I’m from the Hope Middle School. I am very happy to stand here to talk about myself. I am a kind and helpful person. At school, I am always ready to help others who are in trouble. I can sing and dance so well that I often give performances at our school party. At home , I often help my parents do housework. I think doing housework is not only my parents’ duty.
I can sing and dance well, I think they make me feel relaxed. and I often give performances at our school party. That makes me very well –known in my school. Also, I like reading, I think reading not only give me knowledge but also open my eyes to the world.
In the senior high school, I will get on well with new classmates and teachers. and I will study harder，I hope I can learn how to learn better. so that I can enter a good university. That’s all
Thank you!
【亮点说明】
这篇短文内容涵盖了题目要求的所有要点，表达准确，意思连贯，符合逻辑。文章脉络清晰，自然流畅。同时，文章还使用了一些常用的句式和短语，这为文章增色不少。在学习中注意积累，掌握一些常用句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章的表达更有逻辑性，更富有条理。
模拟检测
(一)
【思路导航】
这是一篇给材料作文，介绍自己的家乡——泉州。结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和现在完成时，人称为第一、三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：Quanzhou is in…，It’s a city with…，We have built…，There are…，I hope…等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。
【参考范文】
Good morning, everyone! Now let me tell you something about my hometown, Quanzhou.
Quanzhou is in the southeast of China. It’s very beautiful. It’s a city with a long history and has a population of 8.5 million. Great changes have taken place these years. We have built many tall buildings and wide roads. There are many places of interest, such as Mount Qingyuan, Kaiyuan Temple, Confucious’ temple and so on. I hope my hometown will be more and more beautiful. I love my hometown very much.
【亮点说明】
本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了自己的家乡——泉州的位置，历史和人口，接下来介绍泉州的变化和名胜，最后我希望泉州越来越美。此处let sb do sth, tell sb about sth, a population of, take place, places of interest, and so on等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。
(二)
【思路导航】
这是一篇给材料作文，介绍你的英语老师王老师。结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和现在完成时，人称为单数第一、三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：Miss Wang is…，She is…，She has taught …，Miss Li seems to be…，I think…，I want to be…等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。
【参考范文】
Miss Wang is the English teacher who has influenced me most. She is in her thirties. She has taught English in our school for more than / over ten years. Whenever we have trouble / worries, she will always offer us some valuable suggestions. Miss Li seems to be kinder to us than to her own family. She is hard-working and has won high praise from her students successfully / has succeeded in winning high praise from her students. Last year, I made great progress in my English with her help.
I think she has a heart full of love /she is the best teacher that I have ever met. I want to be a teacher like her in the future.
【亮点说明】
本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了王老师是对我影响最深的老师，接下来介绍她的个人情况，最后介绍她似乎对我们比对她的家人更好。此处in one’s thirties, more than, offer sb sth, be kind to sb, succeed in doing sth, make great progress, want to do sth, in the future等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。
(三)
【思路导航】
这篇作文要求我们写一篇演讲稿，以李玲为身份，来介绍自己的情况，以便参加学校＂才艺之星＂的评比。短文的内容包括自己的基本信息、个人经历、兴趣爱好和自己的偶像。题目中用表格的形式展现了这些内容，我们需要用正确的英语将他们变达出来，并且最后一项内容是需要学生们自己来发挥的，要说清自己的偶像是谁，以及喜欢他的理由。写作时，注意应将表格中的所有内容都表达出来，不要遗漏要点，个人发挥的部分要合理，符合整篇文章的表达需要。根据表达需要，选择使用正确的时态，如一般现在时或者一般过去时态，注意谓语动词形式的变化。还应注意英语句式和汉语在表达习惯上的不同，不要逐词翻译，应从句子的整体考虑，使用恰当的词汇和句型。句子之间使用连词连接，使文意表达流畅、连贯。
【参考范文】
Good afternoon, everyone. I am Li Ling. I’m 15 years old. I’m in Grade 9. When I was young, I dreamt of being a successful singer. I began to learn to play the guitar at the age of 8. I have won several prizes in guitar competitions. Now I often sing while playing. I am going to hold/have a small concert. I like listening to classical music because I think it has a lasting value. I also enjoy watching chat shows because there are many famous people talking about their lives. My hero is Jay Chou. He can sing well and is good at creating music. I hope to be a person like him.
【亮点说明】
这是一篇优秀的作文。首先短文内容完整，包含了题目所给的所有要点，叙述清晰、有条理。其次短文中使用了正确的时态，以一般现在时和一般过去时为主，在介绍个人经历这一部分中使用了一般过去时态，动词形式变化准确，语法规范。另外，短文中句式变化丰富，长短句结合，使文章富有节奏，句式表达符合英语的习惯，并且使用了一些较好的句型和短语，如When I was young, I dreamt of being a successful singer、I am going to hold/have a small concert. I like listening to classical music because I think it has a lasting value、My hero is Jay Chou. He can sing well and is good at creating music.等。
请先 ！