绪论 单元测试
1、单选题：
The unit operation of separation of gas mixture based on the difference of components’solubility is . 利用气体各组分在液体中的溶解度的不同而实现气体分离的单元操作是。（ ）
选项：
A:Adsorption吸附
B:Extraction萃取
C:Absorption吸收
D:Distillation 精馏
答案: 【Absorption吸收】
2、单选题：
Please judge which following unit operation belongs to mass transfer? 请判断哪个单元操作属于质量传递? ( )
选项：
A:Settling 沉降
B:Distillation 精馏
C:Heating 加热
D:Filtration 过滤
答案: 【Distillation 精馏】
3、单选题：
Which unit operation belongs to heat transfer? 哪个单元操作属于热量传递?( )
选项：
A:Stirring 搅拌
B:Settling 沉降
C:Cooling 冷却
D:Transportation of fluids 流体输送
答案: 【Cooling 冷却】
4、单选题：
As we all know, “three transfers” is a very important concept, which includes momentum, heat, and mass transfer, now judge which following unit operation belongs to momentum transfer? 总所周知，三传是非常重要的概念，它包括动量、热量和质量传递，请判断哪个单元操作属于动量传递?( )
选项：
A:Cooling 冷却
B:Transportation of fluids 流体输送
C:Absorption吸收
D:Distillation精馏
答案: 【Transportation of fluids 流体输送】
5、单选题：
Some unit operations just include 1 transfer, however others maybe include 2 or 3 transfers at the same time, please indicate the unit operation below that exists mass and heat transfers meanwhile?一些单元操作只存在一种传递，有些则同时存在2到3种单元操作，请指出下面哪个单元操作既属于质量传递同时也属于热量传递？( )
选项：
A:Heating加热
B:Transportation of fluids 流体输送
C:Cooling 冷却
D:Distillation精馏
答案: 【Distillation精馏】
第一章 单元测试
1、判断题：
Gas is a compressible fluid. 气体是一种可压缩性的流体。( )
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】
2、单选题：
When the absolute pressure of the measured fluid is greater than the external atmospheric pressure, the pressure gauges used are called. 当被测流体的绝对压强大于外界大气压强时，所用的测压仪表称为。（ ）
选项：
A:Manometer压强表
B:Speedometer速度表
C:Vacuum gauge真空表
D:Liquid Level Meter液位计
答案: 【Manometer压强表】
3、单选题：
The reading of the vacuum gauge indicates the quantity that the absolute pressure of the measured fluid is lower than the atmospheric pressure, which is called. 真空表上的读数表示被测流体的绝对压强低于绝对压强的读数，称为.（ ）。
选项：
A:Gauge pressure表压强
B:Relative pressure相对压强
C:Vacuum degree真空度
答案: 【Vacuum degree真空度】
4、单选题：
18660 Pa equals to _________mmHg? 18660Pa等于多少mmHg? ( )
选项：
A:500mmHg
B:140mmHg
C:100mmHg
D:700mmHg
答案: 【140mmHg】
5、单选题：
Pressure can be expressed by absolute pressure, gauge pressure and vacuum gauge, if the reading of vacuum gauge in the equipment is 100 mmHg, try to calculate the absolute pressure. Given that the atmospheric pressure in this area is 740mmHg, then what is the absolute pressure？压强可以表示为绝对压强、表压和真空度，某设备真空表的读数是100 mmHg ，假设当地大气压为740 mmHg，那它的绝对压强是多少？( )
选项：
A:200 mmHg
B:840 mmHg
C:640 mmHg
D:500 mmHg
答案: 【640 mmHg】
第二章 单元测试
1、单选题：
In a Hagen-Poiseuille flow, i.e. laminar pressure-driven flow in a circular pipe, if the pressure drop is doubled, the average and maximum velocities will _____. 在哈根-泊谡叶流中，当压降变为原来的两倍时，流体的平均和最大速度会_____。( )
选项：
A:remain constant 保持不变
B:average velocity will quadruple, while maximum velocity will double平均速度变为4倍，最大速度变为2倍
C:average velocity will double, while maximum velocity will become four times as large 平均速度变为2倍，最大速度变为4倍
D:both double 均变为原来2倍
E:both become four times均变为原来4倍
答案: 【both double 均变为原来2倍】
2、单选题：
Boundary layer occurs in _____. 边界层存在于_____。( )
选项：
A:transitional and turbulent flows only 仅存在于过渡流和湍流中
B:laminar flow only 仅存在于层流中
C:laminar, transitional and turbulent flows 层流、湍流和过渡流中
D:transitional flow only仅存在于过渡流中
E:turbulent flow only仅存在于湍流中
答案: 【laminar, transitional and turbulent flows 层流、湍流和过渡流中】
3、单选题：
The continuum hypothesis of fluid mechanics assumes that fluid can be _____. 流体力学的连续性假设是说，流体可以_____。( )
选项：
A:subject to thermal fluctuations 受到热扰动的影响
B:divided into molecules and atoms 被划分为分子和原子
C:divided infinitely 被无限划分
D:none of the rest 其他都不对
E:gas or liquid 是气体或液体
答案: 【divided infinitely 被无限划分】
4、单选题：
A fluid flow may be laminar, turbulent or transitional, depending on its _____. 流体流动究竟是层流、过渡流还是湍流，取决于_____。( )
选项：
A:Prandtl number 普朗特数
B:Froude number 福禄数
C:Reynolds number 雷诺数
D:none of the rest 其他均不对
E:Bernoulli number 柏努利数
答案: 【Reynolds number 雷诺数】
5、单选题：
To solve for the velocity distribution of a viscous flow, we should use _____. 对于黏性流体，欲求得其速度分布，应该采用_____。( )
选项：
A:Darcy-Weisbach equation 达西-瓦斯巴赫方程
B:Bernoulli equation 柏努利方程
C:Navier-Stokes equation 奈维-斯托克斯方程
D:Colebrook-White equation 科尔布鲁克-怀特方程
E:Euler equation 欧拉方程
答案: 【Navier-Stokes equation 奈维-斯托克斯方程】
6、单选题：
A liquid flows from a pipe of diameter into a pipe of diameter . The minor loss coefficient is _____. 某液体从直径为D的管道流入直径为2D的管道，其局部阻力系数K是 _____. ( )
选项：
A:none of the rest 其他均不对
B:1/4
C:9/16
D:1/2
E:3/4
答案: 【9/16】
7、单选题：
A liquid flow is first divided into three separate pipe flows and later they merge into a single stream again. In this process, the total head loss is _____. 某股液流先分为三股，随后又汇为一股。在此过程中，总压头损失为_____. ( )
选项：
A:1/3 of the initial total head 原总压头的1/3
B:the sum of head losses in all three pipes 三个分支管路中压头损失之和
C:none of the rest 其他均不对
D:zero 零
E:half of the initial total head 原总压头的一半
答案: 【none of the rest 其他均不对】
第三章 单元测试
1、单选题：
Which of the following valves is an essential part of reciprocating pumps? 下列哪种阀门是容积泵的重要组成部分之一？( )
选项：
A:Ball valve 球阀
B:Globe valve 截止阀
C:Gate valve 闸阀
D:Check valve 逆止阀
E:Plug cock 旋塞阀
答案: 【Check valve 逆止阀】
2、单选题：
Increasing the total power of a centrifugal pump will most likely cause the developed head to _____. 增大离心泵的总功率最有可能导致泵压头_____. ( )
选项：
A:increase 上升
B:too little information to determine 无法判断
C:decrease 下降
D:remain constant 不变
E:none of the rest 其余都不对
答案: 【decrease 下降】
3、单选题：
Which of the following devices needs priming? 下列哪种设备在使用前须灌泵 ( )
选项：
A:Plunger pump 柱塞泵
B:Piston pump 活塞泵
C:Spur-gear pump 外齿轮泵
D:Diaphragm pump 隔膜泵
E:Volute pump 螺旋泵
答案: 【Volute pump 螺旋泵】
4、单选题：
Which of the following correctly lists gas-moving devices in ascending order in terms of their power (in general)? 以下哪个选项是按由小到大的顺序将气体输送设备的功率范围加以排列的？( )
选项：
A:Fan ＜ Positive-displacement Blower ＜ Positive-displacement Compressor ＜ Centrifugal Blower ＜ Centrifugal Compressor 风机 ＜ 容积式鼓风机 ＜ 容积式压缩机 ＜ 离心式鼓风机 ＜ 离心式压缩机
B:Fan ＜ Positive-displacement Blower ＜ Centrifugal Blower ＜ Centrifugal Compressor ＜ Positive-displacement Compressor风机 ＜ 容积式鼓风机 ＜ 离心式鼓风机 ＜ 离心式压缩机 ＜ 容积式压缩机
C:none of the rest 其余均不对
D:Fan ＜ Positive-displacement Blower ＜ Centrifugal Blower ＜ Positive-displacement Compressor ＜ Centrifugal Compressor 风机 ＜ 容积式鼓风机 ＜ 离心式鼓风机 ＜ 容积式压缩机 ＜ 离心式压缩机
E:Fan ＜ Centrifugal Blower ＜ Centrifugal Compressor ＜ Positive-displacement Blower ＜ Positive-displacement Compressor 风机 ＜ 离心式鼓风机 ＜ 离心式压缩机 ＜ 容积式鼓风机 ＜ 容积式压缩机
答案: 【Fan ＜ Positive-displacement Blower ＜ Positive-displacement Compressor ＜ Centrifugal Blower ＜ Centrifugal Compressor 风机 ＜ 容积式鼓风机 ＜ 容积式压缩机 ＜ 离心式鼓风机 ＜ 离心式压缩机】
5、单选题：
We normally prefer gas compression to be _____, so that it can be done more easily. 从简易可操作性出发，我们通常希望希望气体压缩过程是_____。( )
选项：
A:isochoric 恒容的
B:isothermal 恒温的
C:adiabatic 绝热的
D:isobaric 恒压的
E:polytropic 多方的
答案: 【isothermal 恒温的】
6、单选题：
Which of the following statements about flow meters is FALSE? 以下关于流量计的哪种说法是错误的? ( )
选项：
A:The Venturi meter has fixed cross section areas, but varying pressure drop; while rotameter is the opposite 文丘里管利用恒定的横截面积和变动的压降来测量流量；转子流量计则相反。
B:In a rotameter, the float reaches equilibrium when drag force balances its gravity. 在转子流量计中，当转子达到平衡态时，它所受的曳力与重力相平衡。
C:The Pitot tube cannot measure the overall rate of a flow. 皮托管无法测量流体的总流量。
D:The rotameter measures the overall flow rate. 转子流量计可以测量流体总流量。
E:The Venturi meter cannot measure velocity distribution in a flow. 文丘里管无法测量流体的速度分布。
答案: 【In a rotameter, the float reaches equilibrium when drag force balances its gravity. 在转子流量计中，当转子达到平衡态时，它所受的曳力与重力相平衡。】
第四章 单元测试
1、判断题：
Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat must be transferred from the high temperature to the low temperature. 凡是有温度差存在时，热就必然从高温处传递到低温处。（ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】
2、多选题：
In the one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction process of the cylinder wall, which one in the following statement is true？在圆筒壁的一维稳态热传导过程中，下列说法正确的是. ( )
选项：
A:The temperature difference on both sides of each wall is proportional to its thermal conductivity 各层壁面两侧的温差与其导热系数成正比
B:The temperature difference on both sides of each wall is proportional to its thickness 各层壁面两侧的温差与其厚度成正比
C:The temperature difference on both sides of each layer wall is proportional to its logarithmic mean diameter 各层壁面两侧的温差与其对数平均直径成正比
D:The temperature difference on both sides of each layer wall is proportional to its logarithmic average are各层壁面两侧的温差与其对数平均面积成正比
答案: 【The temperature difference on both sides of each wall is proportional to its thickness 各层壁面两侧的温差与其厚度成正比;
The temperature difference on both sides of each layer wall is proportional to its logarithmic mean diameter 各层壁面两侧的温差与其对数平均直径成正比】
3、判断题：
The main purpose of setting baffle in shell of shell heat exchanger is to increase the convective heat transfer coefficient. 在管壳式换热器的壳程设置折流挡板主要目的是为了增加壳程的对流传热系数。（ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】
4、单选题：
The cold and hot fluids are counter-current heat exchangers in the casing heat exchangers. The inlet and outlet temperatures of hot fluid are 100℃ and 60℃, and the inlet and outlet temperatures of cold fluid are 20℃ and 50℃, then the average heat transfer temperature difference is. 冷、热流体在套管换热器内进行逆流换热。热流体的进、出口温度为100℃何60℃，冷流体的进出口温度为20℃和50℃，则平均传热温差为。( )
选项：
A:44.9 ℃
B:33.7 ℃
C:35 ℃
D:90 ℃
答案: 【44.9 ℃】
5、多选题：
The correct description of radiative heat transfer is . 关于辐射传热的描述，正确的是。( )
选项：
A:Thermal radiation refers to the radiation of electromagnetic waves caused by thermal causes 热辐射是指因热的原因引起的电磁波的辐射
B:Grey bodies are objects that absorb 50 percent of radiant energy at any wavelength range 灰体是指对任何波长范围辐射能的吸收率都为50%的物体
C:Thermal rays consist mainly of visible and infrared light 热射线主要由可见光线和红外光线组成
D:Thermal rays radiating onto a surface of an object can only be absorbed and reflected from the surface, but cannot pass through 辐射到物体表面上的热射线，只能被其吸收和反射，而不能透过
答案: 【Thermal radiation refers to the radiation of electromagnetic waves caused by thermal causes 热辐射是指因热的原因引起的电磁波的辐射;
Thermal rays consist mainly of visible and infrared light 热射线主要由可见光线和红外光线组成】
第五章 单元测试
1、单选题：
The free settling velocity of a small steel ball with a density of 7800 kg/m in a liquid with a relative density of 1.2 is 1/4000 of that in water at 20℃, then the viscosity of the solution is____ (let the settling area be laminar flow). 一密度为7800 kg/m 的小钢球在相对密度为1.2的某液体中的自由沉降速度为在20℃水中沉降速度的1/4000，则此溶液的粘度为______（设沉降区为层流）。（ ）
选项：
A:33.82 Pa·s
B:4000 mPa·s
C:40 mPa·s
D:3382 mPa·s
答案: 【3382 mPa·s】
2、单选题：
The productivity of dust-settling chamber depends on_____. 降尘室的生产强度取决于_______。( )
选项：
A:Height and width of chamber 降尘室的宽度和高度
B:Settling area and height of chamber沉降面积和降尘室高度
C:Settling area and settling velocity of the smallest particle that can be 100% removed沉降面积和能100%除去的最小颗粒的沉降速度
D:Height of chamber and settling velocity of the smallest particle that can be 100% removed 降尘室长度和能100%除去的最小颗粒的沉降速度
答案: 【Settling area and settling velocity of the smallest particle that can be 100% removed沉降面积和能100%除去的最小颗粒的沉降速度】
3、单选题：
Characteristics of dust-settling chamber are_____. 降尘室的特点是______。（ ）
选项：
A:Simple structure, high separation efficiency, but large fluid resistance, large volume结构简单，分离效率高，但流体阻力大，体积庞大
B:Simple structure, high separation efficiency, small volume, but large fluid resistance结构简单，分离效率高，体积小，但流体阻力大
C:Simple structure, small fluid resistance, high separation efficiency, but large volume结构简单，流体阻力小，分离效率高，但体积庞大
D:Simple structure, small fluid resistance, but large volume, low separation efficiency 结构简单，流体阻力小，但体积庞大，分离效率低
答案: 【Simple structure, small fluid resistance, but large volume, low separation efficiency 结构简单，流体阻力小，但体积庞大，分离效率低】
4、多选题：
In dust-settling chamber, the settling velocity of dust is NOT related to_____. 在降尘室中，尘粒的沉降速度与_______无关。（ ）
选项：
A:Particle shape颗粒的形状
B:Geometric dimensions of particles颗粒的几何尺寸
C:The density of particles and fluids颗粒与流体的密度
D:The horizontal velocity of a fluid流体的水平流速
答案: 【Particle shape颗粒的形状;
Geometric dimensions of particles颗粒的几何尺寸;
The density of particles and fluids颗粒与流体的密度】
5、判断题：
The maximum particle diameter that can be completely separated by cyclone separator is called the critical particle diameter. 通过旋风分离器能够完全分离出来的最大颗粒直径，称临界颗粒直径。（ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】
第六章 单元测试
1、单选题：
In the evaporation operation, increased boiling point of the solution is related to________. 在蒸发操作中，溶液的沸点升高，_______。 （ ）
选项：
A:The solution concentration, but the type of solution and pressure与浓度有关，与溶液类别、压强无关
B:The solution type, concentration, and pressure与溶液类别、浓度及压强都有关
C:The pressure, but the solution concentration and type与压强有关，与溶液类别、浓度无关
D:The type of solution, not the concentration与溶液类别有关，与浓度无关
答案: 【The solution type, concentration, and pressure与溶液类别、浓度及压强都有关】
2、单选题：
Generally speaking, the main way to reduce the evaporator heat transfer surface area is to_______. 一般来说，减少蒸发器传热表面积的主要途径是_______。（ ）
选项：
A:Increase the total heat transfer coefficient增大总传热系数
B:Reduce the effective temperature difference减小有效温度差
C:Reduce the overall heat transfer coefficient减小总传热系数
D:Increase heat transfer rate增大传热速率
答案: 【Increase the total heat transfer coefficient增大总传热系数】
3、单选题：
The vapor from a solution in an evaporation operation, often called________. 蒸发操作中，从溶液中汽化出来的蒸汽，常称为_______。（ ）
选项：
A:Extra steam额外蒸汽
B:Secondary steam二次蒸汽
C:Live steam生蒸汽
D:Superheated steam过热蒸汽
答案: 【Secondary steam二次蒸汽】
4、多选题：
The main causes of temperature difference loss in evaporation operation are _____. 蒸发操作中，造成温度差损失的主要原因有______。（ ）
选项：
A:The presence of a solute lowers the vapor pressure and raises the boiling point溶质的存在使蒸气压下降，沸点升高
B:Pipeline fluid resistance管道流体阻力导致
C:The static pressure of liquid column液柱静压强引起
D:Poor insulation effect保温效果差
答案: 【The presence of a solute lowers the vapor pressure and raises the boiling point溶质的存在使蒸气压下降，沸点升高 ;
Pipeline fluid resistance管道流体阻力导致 ;
The static pressure of liquid column液柱静压强引起】
5、判断题：
If the heat transfer surface area of the single-effect evaporator is equal to the heat transfer surface area of the single-effect evaporator, and the same amount of water is evaporated, the productivity of the multi-effect is N times that of the single-effect. 若单效蒸发器的传热表面积与多效中单台的传热表面积相等，对蒸发同样多的水分，则多效的生产强度为单效的n倍。（ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】
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