在线网课学习课堂《An Introduction for Life Science（农大 ）》单元测试考核答案

注：不含主观题
第1题
判断题
(1分) 玉米的祖先是墨西哥的大刍草(The ancestor of corns is Mexican teosinte.)
第2题
判断题
(1分) 甘薯源自北美的野生祖先(Sweet potatoes source from their wild predecessors in North America)
第3题
判断题
(1分) 列文虎克发明了世界上第一台光学显微镜(Leeuwenhoek invented the first optical microscope in the world)
第二章小测 (Test for Chapter Two)
第1题
单选题
(1分) 遗传物质DNA的发现者是(The discoverer of the genetic material DNA is ?) A MiescherB AveryC Watson 和CrickD Mendel
第2题
单选题
(1分) 狭义的分子生物学的主要研究对象是? (The major research object of molecular biology in a narrow sense is ?) A 蛋白质 (Protein)B 核酸 (Nucleic Acid)C 糖类 (Sugar)D 脂类 (Lipid)
第3题
单选题
(1分) 史上第一个重组DNA分子的出现是在哪年？(Which year did the first recombinant DNA molecular in history appear?) A 1953B 1965C 1972D 1983
第4题
单选题
(1分) 人类基因组草图公布的时间是哪年？(Which year was human genome draft announced?) A 1972B 1988C 1995D 2001
第5题
单选题
(1分) DNA的发现者是 (DNA was discovered by ?) A Miescher B Avery C Watson 和CrickD Mendel
第6题
单选题
(1分) DNA重组技术的元老是 (The founder of recombinant DNA technology is ?) A AveryB CrickC Paul BergD Craig Venter
第7题
单选题
(1分) DNA双螺旋分子表面有大沟和小沟，其形成原因是 (There are major groove and minor groove on the surface of DNA double helix molecules, so the forming reason is ?) A 两条分子的极性相反 (Polarities of both molecules are opposite)B 碱基方向相反 (Basic groups are in opposite direction)C 配对碱基的糖苷键夹角不是180度 (The included angle of glucosidic bonds of paired basic groups is not 180°)
第8题
单选题
(1分) 与蛋白发生互作的场所常常是DNA的 (The usual area where the interaction with protein happens is DNA’s) A 大沟 (Major Groove)B 小沟 (Minor Groove)C 碱基对之间 (Between Base Pairs)
第9题
单选题
(1分) 以下哪个蛋白不是DNA复制过程中需要的 (Which protein as follows is not needed in the process of DNA reproduction? ) A 单链结合蛋白(SSB)B 解螺旋酶（helicase）C 拓扑异构酶 (TOPO)D RNaseHE 逆转录酶 (RT)
正确答案： E
第10题
单选题
(1分) DNA指导的RNA合成, 以下说法哪个是错误的 (For DNA guided RNA synthesis, which of the following statements is wrong ? ) A 一个基因的DNA序列进行转录时可同时结合多个RNA聚合酶 (When the DNA sequence of one gene is transcribed, it can combine with multiple RNA polymerases simultaneously)B DNA双链中一条链作为模板指导RNA合成 (One of DNA double strands plays the role of template to guide DNA synthesis.)C DNA双链体的解旋是永久性的 (The unwinding of DNA double strands is permanent.)D RNA合成不需要引物 (RNA synthesis does not need any primer. )
第11题
单选题
(1分) 真核基因是不连续基因，是指 (Eukaryotic genes are discontinuous genes, meaning) A 基因在基因组中是被非基因序列间隔开的 (Genes are separated by non-genetic sequences in the genome)B 基因和基因之间被内含子隔开 (Genes are separated from genes by introns)C 基因的蛋白质编码序列在DNA水平是被打断的 (The protein coding sequence of a gene is broken at the DNA level)D 基因在转录时是不连续的 (Genes are discontinuous during transcription)
第12题
单选题
(1分) 以下关于翻译，哪些说法是错误的 (Which of the following statements about translation is false ？) A 整个过程都需要蛋白质因子的参与 (The whole process requires the participation of protein factors)B 起始因子负责核糖体小亚基与mRNA的结合 (Initiation factors are responsible for binding ribosomal subunits to mRNA)C 核糖体RNA可催化肽键形成 (Ribosomal RNA can catalyzes the formation of peptide bond)D 一类特殊的tRNA可以识别终止密码子 (A special class of tRNA can recognize termination codon)
第13题
单选题
(1分) 以下哪个不是原核基因表达和调控的特点 (Which of the following is not a characteristic of prokaryotic gene expression and regulation？) A 边转录边翻译 (Translate while transcribing)B 功能相关基因共转录，一开俱开、一关俱关 (Function -related genes were co-transcribed, all on while one on, and all off while one off)C 多顺反子发生选择性拼接 (Polycistron experiences selective splicing)D 环境信号通过调控蛋白影响基因转录 (Environmental signals affect gene transcription through regulatory proteins)
第14题
单选题
(1分) 以下关于真核基因转录特点的描述，哪个是错误的 (Which of the following statements about the transcription characteristics of eukaryotic genes is false) A 启动子外存在多种调控元件 (Multiple regulatory elements exist outside the promoter)B 绝缘子可以阻断增强子作用也可阻断异染色质化扩散 (Insulators can block enhancer action as well as heterochromatin diffusion)C 功能相关的基因是共转录成一条mRNA (Function -related genes are co-transcribed into one mRNA)D 初级转录本需剪接去除内含子、连接外显子 (Primary transcripts need splicing to remove introns and join exons)
第15题
单选题
(1分) 以下哪个与基因表达激活有关 (Which of the following is associated with activation of gene expression ) A H3K4甲基化 (H3K4 methylation)B H3K9甲基化 (H3K9 methylation)C DNA promoter的甲基化 (Methylation of DNA promoter)D 组蛋白的去乙酰化 (Deacetylation of histones )
第16题
单选题
(1分) 以下不属于调控RNA的是 (Which of the followings does not belong to RNA control?) A siRNAB miRNAC lncRNAD piRNAE rRNA
正确答案： E
第17题
单选题
(1分) 以下哪个与基因表达抑制有关 (Which of the followings is related to genetic expression restriction? ) A H3K4甲基化 (H3K4 methylation)B H3K9甲基化 (H3K9 methylation)C 组蛋白的乙酰化 (Histone acetylation)
第18题
单选题
(1分) 以下哪个属于转录水平的调控 (Which of the following is regulated at the transcriptional level ) A 可变剪接 (Variable splicing)B 小RNA介导的RNA沉默 (RNA silencing mediated by small RNA)C 小RNA指导的染色质修饰 (Chromatin modification guided by small RNA)
第19题
填空题
(3分) 来自于基因组编码的单链RNA前体的小RNA是指____，源于人工合成或体内的双链RNA前体产生的是____， 在生殖细胞中表达用于沉默转座子的小RNA是指____。(Small RNAs derived from genome-encoded single-stranded RNA precursors are referred to as ( ? ), those derived from synthetic or in vivo double-stranded RNA precursors are referred to as ( ? ), and those expressed in germ cells for silencing transposons are referred to as ( ? ).)
正确答案：:[ “siRNA”]
正确答案：:[ “miRNA “]
正确答案：:[ “piRNA”]
第20题
单选题
(1分) 以下关于基因组的叙述正确的是 (Which of the followings is correct statement about genome? ) A 基因组越大基因越多 (The larger the genome, the more the genes)B 基因组中蛋白质编码基因的占比与生物遗传复杂性正相关 (The proportion of protein coding genes in a genome is in positive correlation with the complexity of biological inheritance)C 基因组越大基因家族越多 (The larger the genome, the more the gene families.)D 相比绿色开花植物，酵母基因组中基因的密度很大 (Compared to green bloomers, yeast genome has denser genes.)
第21题
单选题
(1分) 关于真核基因的论述错误的是 (Which of the following statements about eukaryotic gene is wrong?) A 是不连续基因 (Is discontinuous gene)B 长度是由外显子长度决定的 (Its length is determined by the length of exon.)C 长度是由内含子长度决定的 (Its length is determined by the length of intron.)D 一个基因家族中的不同成员表现出外显子的相关性 (A different member in a gene family will express correlation with exon.)
第22题
单选题
(1分) 关于假基因的论述错误的是 (Which of the following statements about pseudogenes is wrong？) A 假基因是指序列与野生型基因类似但丧失功能的DNA序列 (Pseudogenes are DNA sequences that are similar to wild-type genes but have no function)B 假基因是指序列与野生型基因类似但不编码蛋白质的DNA序列 (Pseudogenes are DNA sequences that are similar to wild-type genes but do not encode proteins)C 假基因可通过转录产物发挥调控功能 (Pseudogenes can play a regulatory role through transcription products)
第23题
单选题
(1分) 关于垃圾DNA（non-coding DNA）的论述正确的是 (Which of the following statements about non-coding DNA is true ) A 不编码蛋白质的DNA序列 (DNA sequences that do not encode proteins)B 不编码RNA和蛋白质的DNA序列 (DNA sequences that do not encode RNA and proteins)C 没有功能的DNA序列 (DNA sequence without function)D 删除后没有表现型的DNA序列 (DNA sequence without phenotype after deletion)
第24题
单选题
(1分) 关于垃圾DNA（non-coding DNA）的论述错误的是 (Which of the following statements about non-coding DNA is wrong?) A 不编码蛋白质的DNA序列 (DNA sequences that do not encode proteins)B 不编码RNA和蛋白质的DNA序列 (DNA sequences that do not encode RNA and proteins)C 参与基因表达调控，但不编码蛋白质的DNA序列 (DNA sequence participating in the regulation of gene expression, but not coding protein.)D 与保护基因组有关 (Relate to genome protection.)
第25题
判断题
(1分) 合成生命是完全由人工合成的DNA来控制的细胞 (Synthesized life is cells completely controlled by artificially synthesized DNA.)
第26题
判断题
(1分) DNA的复制在细胞分裂前发生2次 (DNA duplication happens twice before cell division.)
第27题
判断题
(1分) 基因组越大意味基因的数目越多 (A larger genome means more genes.)
第28题
判断题
(1分) DNA由四种核苷酸组成，不同基因的区别在于四种核苷酸的数目和排列顺序不同 (DNA is made up of four kinds of nucleotide and genes are differentiated by different number and sequence of the four kinds of nucleotide.)
第29题
判断题
(1分) 人的基因组中转座子大约占45%，主要是反转录转座子 (Transposons account for about 45% in human genome, mainly retrotransposons.)
第30题
判断题
(1分) 与DNA甲基化类似，组蛋白的甲基化修饰总是与基因沉默相关 (Similar to DNA methylation, the methylated modification of histone is always related to gene silencing.)
第31题
判断题
(1分) 核小体重塑的结果是抑制基因活性 (The result of nucleosome remolding is to inhibit gene activity.)
第32题
判断题
(1分) 增强子可以在远上游或者远下游发挥调控作用 (Enhancers can play regulatory effect from far upstream or far downstream.)
第33题第34题第35题
第三章小测 （Test for Chapter Three）
第1题
单选题
(1分) Woese提出的三域学说是基于（）序列的分析 (The three domains theory proposed by Woese is based on the analysis of () sequence.) A 16S rRNAB 28S rRNAC 5S rRNAD 23S rRNA
第2题
单选题
(1分) 下列哪个不是细菌的基本结构？(Which of the followings is not the basic structure of bacteria? ) A 细胞壁 (Cell wall)B 细胞膜 (Cell membrane)C 细胞质 (Cytoplasm)D 荚膜 (Capsule)
第3题
单选题
(1分) 以下菌株哪个能产生伴胞晶体？(Which of the following bacterial strain can produce parasporal crystal?) A 青霉菌 (Penicillium)B 白僵菌 (Muscardine )C 黑曲霉 (Aniger)D 苏云金芽胞杆菌 (Bacillus thuringiensis)
第4题
单选题
(1分) 能够合成抗生素的主要微生物是 (The major microorganism for synthesizing antibiotics is) A 放线菌 (Actinomycetes)B 青霉菌 (Penicillium)C 芽胞杆菌 (Bacillus)D 大肠杆菌 (Bacillus coli)
第5题
判断题
(1分) 蓝细菌可以在异形胞中进行固氮作用 (Cyanobacteria can make nitrogen fixation in heterocyst.)
第6题
判断题
(1分) 四联球菌、八叠球菌、葡萄球菌都是多细胞的微生物 (Tetrads, sarcina and staphylococcus are all multicellular microorganisms.)
第7题
判断题
(1分) 鞭毛和菌毛都是细菌的运动器官 (Flagellum and pili are both locomotive organs of bacteria.)
第8题
判断题
(1分) 支原体是无细胞壁的原核微生物，是能营独立生活的最小型的生物 (Mycoplasma is prokaryotic microorganism without cell wall and the smallest creature that can live independently.)
第9题
判断题
(1分) 真菌的鞭毛可在光学显微镜下看见 (The flagellum of fungus is visible under optical microscope.)
第10题
单选题
(1分) 噬菌体的外型属于 (The exterior of phage belongs to ) A 螺旋对称 (Helical symmetry)B 二十面体对称 (Icosahedral symmetry )C 复合对称 (Complex symmetry)D 角对称 (D.Angle symmetry)
第11题
判断题
(1分) 衣原体是一类在真核细胞内营专性能量寄生的小型细菌，包括基体和网状体两种形态 (Chlamydia is a kind of small-sized bacteria that parasitizes in eukaryocyte by consuming obligate energy in the forms of basal body or reticulate body.)
第12题
判断题
(1分) 立克次氏体是专性寄生的G－细菌，不需要借助中间宿主传播，就可以引起斑疹伤寒等病症 (Rickettsia is of obligate parasitic G- bacteria, which can cause diseases like typhus fever without the help of intermediate host transmission.)
第13题
单选题
(1分) 在下列原核生物中，属古菌类群的是 (Which of the following prokaryotes belongs to archaea cluster) A 大肠杆菌 (Bacillus Coli)B 支原体 (Mycoplasma)C 放线菌 (Actinomycetes)D 热原体 (Thermoplasma)
第14题
判断题
(1分) 古菌的细胞膜具有单分子层或单、双分子层混合膜，能够帮助其适应高热环境 (Archaea’s cell membrane features monolayer or bilayer compound membrane, which can help it adapt to high-temperature environment.)
第15题
单选题
(1分) 酵母菌的菌落类似于 (The bacterial colony of yeast is similar to ) A 霉菌菌落 (Mould Colony)B 链霉菌菌落 (Streptomycete Colony)C 细菌菌落 (Bacterial Colony)D 支原体菌落 (Mycoplasma Colony)
第16题
单选题
(1分) 低等丝状真菌细胞壁的主要成分是 (The major content of the cell wall of inferior filamentous fungi is) A 几丁质 (Chitin)B 纤维素 (Fibrin)C 葡聚糖 (Glucan)D 甘露聚糖 (Mannan)
第17题
判断题
(1分) 病毒没有细胞结构，其显著区别于其它生物的特征是以复制方式进行繁殖。(Virus has no cellular structure and replicate reproduction is a feature that obviously distinguishes it from other organisms.)
第18题
判断题
(1分) 朊病毒体内有很少量的核酸 (Prion contains little nucleic acid)
第19题第20题第21题第22题第23题第24题第25题第26题第27题第28题
第四章小测 （Test for Chapter Four）
第1题
多选题
(1分) 属于古细菌的是 (Which of the followings belong to archaebacteria?) A 嗜热酸菌 (Thermoacidophile)B 产甲烷菌 (Methanogens)C 大肠杆菌 (Bacillus Coli)D 极端嗜盐菌 (Extreme Halophile)
正确答案： ABC
第2题
判断题
(1分) 原叶体是蕨类植物的配子体 (Prothallus is the gametophyte of fern.)
第3题
判断题
(1分) 苔藓植物的孢子体高度发达 (The sporophore of bryophyte is highly developed.)
第4题
判断题
(1分) 传粉现象的出现，使得有性生殖过程完全摆脱了外界水的限制 (The emergence of pollination phenomenon makes the process of sexual reproduction fully get rid of external water restriction. )
第5题
判断题
(1分) 雌雄蕊多数且螺旋排列是被子植物原始性状之一 (Pistil and stamen majority and spiral arrangement are one of original properties of angiosperm. )
第6题
判断题
(1分) 禾本科植物的花序是以小穗为单位的 (The inflorescence of grass family is in the unit of spikelet.)
第7题
单选题
(1分) 草莓果实类型是 (The fruit of strawberry is typed as) A 聚花果 (Collective Fruit)B 聚合果 (Aggregate Fruit )C 浆果 (Berry)D 单果 (Single Fruit )
第8题
多选题
(2分) 染色体变异包括 (Chromosome variation includes) A 数目变化 (Quantitative Change)B 结构变化 (Structural Change)C 行为变化 (Behavioral Change )D 修饰 (Modification )
正确答案： ABCD
第9题
判断题
(1分) 变异是进化的材料，而选择决定了进化方向。(Variation is the material of evolution, while choice decides the direction of evolution.)
第10题
判断题
(1分) 生殖隔离只能发生在交配前。(Reproduction isolation only occurs prior to mating.)
第11题第12题第13题第14题
判断题
(1分) 茎的次生发生起源于形成层。(The secondary growth of stems sources from the cambium.
第15题
判断题
(1分) 根器官具有中柱。(The root organ has stele.)
第16题
判断题
(1分) 叶是个临时性器官，具有落叶习性。(Leaf is a temporary organ and contains deciduous habit.)
第17题
判断题
(1分) 叶的功能性状最能反映其与环境的适应性变化。(The functions and characters of leaves can best reflect their adaptive changes with the environment.)
第18题
判断题
(1分) 通气组织发达是植物适应干旱环境的标志性特征。(Developed aerenchyma is a landmark feature of plants for adapting to arid environment.)
第19题
判断题
(1分) C3植物能够有效利用CO2，因此产量往往更高。(C3 vegetations can make effective use of CO2, so their production is generally higher.)
第20题
多选题
(1分) 聚花果是 (Collective fruits are ) A 菠萝 (Pineapple)B 草莓 (Strawberry)C 无花果 (Ficus carica)D 桑葚 (Mulberry)
正确答案： ACD
第21题
判断题
(1分) 所有成熟的种子都包括胚和胚乳。(All the ripe seeds include embryo and endosperm.)
第22题
判断题
(1分) 果实是由子房发育而来。(Fruits are developed from Ovaries.)
第23题
判断题
(1分) 植物与传粉昆虫是协同进化的。(Plants and pollinating insects evolve concertedly.)
第24题第25题第26题
第五章小测 （Test for Chapter Five）
第1题
判断题
(1分) 起源于温带的植物，常常一年中有1个生长高峰期 (Plants derived from the temperate zone usually have 1 growth peak in a year.)
第2题
判断题
(1分) 拟寄生往往是一种变相的捕食行为 (Parasitoidism usually is a kind of disguised predatory activity.)
第3题
判断题
(1分) 地衣是藻菌长期共生形成的生物类群 (Lichens are a biological group from long-term coexistence of algae and bacteria.)
第4题
判断题
(1分) 成熟的群落具有一定的水平和垂直结构 (A mature colony should have certain horizontal and vertical structure.)
第5题
判断题
(1分) 植被随海拔变化与随纬度变化具有相似规律 (Changes of vegetations with the attitude are similar to those with the latitude. )
第6题
判断题
(1分) 二氧化碳和甲烷是常见的温室气体 (CO2 and methane are common greenhouse gases.)
第7题
判断题
(1分) 大气中，初级污染物在阳光作用下能够成为次级污染物，严重威胁人体健康。(In the atmosphere, primary pollutes can become secondary pollutes with the effect of sunshine, severely threatening human health.)
第8题
判断题
(1分) 霾不仅包含尘，也可能包括硫酸、硝酸盐和碳氢化合物等微粒。(Haze does not only include ashes, but also possibly include such particles as vitriol, nitrate and hydrocarbon.)
第9题
判断题
(1分) 归化植物就是外来入侵植物。(Naturalized plants are alien invasive plants.)
第10题
判断题
(1分) 及时发现入侵物种并积极采取行动，控制住了，以后就安全了。(Discovering invasive species timely and taking active actions to control them will ensure safety thereafter.)
第11题第12题第13题
第六章小测 （Test for Chapter Six）
第1题
多选题
(1.5分) 未来动物育种需要的技术 (Technologies required by future animal breeding include:) A 干细胞 (Stem cells)B 转基因C 克隆
正确答案： ABC
第2题
多选题
(1.5分) 受精过程包括：(The fertilization process includes:) A 精子穿过卵丘细胞 (Sperm crosses the cumulus cell.)B 精子穿过透明带 (Sperm crosses the zona pellucida.)C 精子穿过卵黄膜 (Sperm crosses the yolk membrane. )
正确答案： ABC
第3题
多选题
(1.5分) 胚胎干细胞生物学特性：(Biological properties of embryonic stem cells:) A 体外无限扩增 (Limitless vitro expansion)B 维持核型稳定 (Maintain karyotype stability)C 可分化为各种组织细胞(May be divided into various histocytes. )
正确答案： ABC
第4题
多选题
(1.5分) 可以实现性别决定而不影响胚胎发育的技术包括：(The technologies that can realize sex determination but not influence embryonic development include:) A 流式分选将X和Y精子分开(Separate sperm X and Y by flow sorting)B 胚胎部分组织PCR (Partial embryonic tissue PCR)C 染色体核型分析 (Karyotype analysis)
正确答案： AB
第5题
多选题
(1.5分) 单性生殖包括：(Parthenogenesis includes:) A 孤雌生殖 (Apomixia)B 孤雄生殖 (Patrogenesis)C 再生 (Regeneration )
正确答案： AB
第6题
多选题
(1.5分) 下面哪个属于小鼠品种：嵌合体 (Which of the followings belong to mouse species: Chimera) A 昆明白 (Kunming white)B 嵌合体 (Chimera )C C57
正确答案： AC
第7题
单选题
(1分) 最早的体细胞克隆动物是：(The earliest somatic cell cloning animal is:) A 绵羊 (Sheep)B 爪蟾 (Xenopus)C 小鼠 (Mouse)
第8题
单选题
(1分) 体外受精又叫：(External fertilization is also named) A 试管婴儿 (test-tube baby)B 借腹怀胎 (pregnancy in a lending womb)C 动物克隆 (animal clone)
第9题
单选题
(1分) 胚胎移植又叫: (Embryo transplantation is also named) A 试管婴儿 (test-tube baby)B 借腹怀胎 (pregnancy in a lending womb)C 动物克隆 (animal clone)
第10题
单选题
(1分) 体细胞核移植又叫: (Somatic cell nuclear transplantation is also named) A 试管婴儿 (test-tube baby)B 借腹怀胎 (pregnancy in a lending womb)C 动物克隆 (animal clone)
第11题
单选题
(1分) 一个精原细胞经过减数分裂最终形成几个精子？(How many sperms will a spermatophore form after meiosis? ) A 1B 4C 8
第12题
单选题
(1分) 一个卵原细胞经过减数分裂最终形成几个卵子？ (How many ovums will a oogonium form after meiosis? ) A 1B 4C 8
第13题
单选题
(1分) 生殖细胞是：(A germ cell is:) A 二倍体 (2-ploid)B 单倍体 (haploid)C 多倍体 (polyploidy)
第14题
单选题
(1分) 减数分裂过程中，染色体数目减半过程发生在：(In the process of meiosis, half reduction of chromosome number happens at:) A 姐妹染色体分离 (sister chromosome segregation)B 同源染色体分离 (homologue chromosome segregation)C 常染色体分离 (autosome segregation)
第15题
单选题
(1分) 通过流式分选可以将X和Y精子分开，原理是根据：(Flow sorting can separate sperm X and sperm Y according to the principle:) A X精子染色体体积大 (The chromosome of sperm X is in big volume)B Y精子染色体体积大 (The chromosome of sperm Y is in big volume)C X和Y精子外形不一样 (Sperm X and sperm Y are different in shape)
第16题
单选题
(1分) 受精后，卵子阻止其他精子入卵的机制：(The mechanism that ovum stops the other sperms from entering after fertilization is:) A 顶体反应 (Acrosomal reaction)B 卵黄膜皮质反应 (Yolk skin cortical reaction.)C 颗粒反应 ( Particle reaction)
第17题
单选题
(1分) 人类的衰老的本质，主要是下面什么的衰老造成的：(The essence of human aging is mainly the aging of the following: ) A 组织 (Tissues)B 细胞 (Cells)C 器官 (Organs)
第18题
单选题
(1分) 青春期的代谢特征：(The metabolic characteristic in pubertal period is:) A 分解大于合成 (Decomposition more than composition)B 合成大于分解 (Composition more than decomposition)C 分解等于合成 Decomposition equal to composition)
第19题
单选题
(1分) 卵子成熟排出后，停留在：(The released mature ovum will stop at:) A 减数第一次分裂中期 (Middle phase of the first meiosis)B 减数第二次分裂中期 ( Middle phase of the second meiosis )C 减数分裂完成 (The end of meiosis)
第20题
单选题
(1分) 物种形成的重要原因：(The critical reason for species formation is:) A 气候变化 (Climate change)B 环境隔离 (Environment isolation)C 人为干预 (Human intervention)
第21题
多选题
(1.5分) 生殖细胞包括：(Germ cells include:) A 精子 (Sperm )B 卵子 (Ovum )C 附植前胚胎 (Preimplantation embryo)
正确答案： AB
第22题
多选题
(1分) 胚胎移植生理学基础需要：(The physiological basis for embryo transplantation needs ) A 附植前胚胎处于游离状态 (Preimplantation embryo stays in free state)B 子宫对早期胚胎的免疫耐受性 (Womb’s immunological tolerance to early embryo)C 生殖器官的孕向发育 (Pregnancy-oriented development of the reproduction organ)
正确答案： ABC
第23题
多选题
(1分) 胚胎移植的原则：(The principles of embryo transplantation:) A 供体与受体种属、生理上的一致性 (The donor and the acceptor are unanimous in species and physiology)B 发育阶段与移植部位一致性 (The development stage is in accordance with the transplanted spot)C 胚胎的发育期限可以是附植后的 (The development stage of embryo can be after implantation)
正确答案： AB
第24题
多选题
(1分) 嵌合体技术是指：(Chimera technology refers to:) A 将两种或两种以上染色体组成不同的细胞聚合形成胚胎或个体 (Different cells composed by two or more chromosomes aggregate to form an embryo or individual)B 将两种或两种以上染色体组成不同的细胞融合形成胚胎或个体 (Different cells composed by two or more chromosomes fuse to form an embryo or individual)C 嵌合体个体可以产生嵌合细胞来源物种的生殖细胞 (Chimera individual can generate germ cells of chimeric cell originated species)
正确答案： AC
第25题
多选题
(1分) 近年发展的基因编辑新技术包括：(The new technologies about gene editing developed in recent years include:) A ZNF技术 (ZNF technology)B TALEN技术 (TALEN technology)C CRISPR/Cas9技术 (CRISPR/Cas9 technology)
正确答案： ABC
第26题
多选题
(1分) CRISPR/Cas9技术优点：(CRISPR/Cas9 technology has the advantages of:) A 操作简单 (Simple operation,)B 效率高 (High efficiency)C 不存在脱靶现象 (No miss phenomenon)
正确答案： AB
第27题
多选题
(1分) 多能干细胞包括：(Multipotent stem cells include:) A ES细胞 (ES cell)B iPS细胞 ( iPS cell)C 成体干细胞 (Adult stem cell)
正确答案： AB
第28题
多选题
(1.5分) 多能干细胞可以分化为：(Multipotent stem cells can be divided into:) A 肌肉细胞 (Muscle cell)B 外胚层组织细胞 (Ectoderm histocyte )C 内胚层组织细胞 (Entoderm histocyte)
正确答案： ABC
第29题
多选题
(1.5分) 下面的技术属于克隆技术的是：(Which of the following technologies belong to clone technology: ) A 核移植 (Nuclear transplantation )B 胚胎分割 (Embryo splitting)C 胚胎嵌合 (Embryo gomphosis)
正确答案： AB
第30题
多选题
(1.5分) 干细胞应用需注意：( Stem cell application should concern:) A 流程规范 (Process norm)B 符合伦理 (Ethic conformity )C 法律允许 (Legal permit)
正确答案： ABC
第31题
判断题
(1分) 试管婴儿即胎儿在体外试管环境生长发育直到出生的技术。( IVF refers to the technology in which the fetus grows and develops in a test tube environment outside the body until birth.)
第32题
判断题
(1分) .体外受精即是将精子和卵子人为控制在体外完成受精过程发育成胚胎，再将胚胎移植给受体母亲，出生婴儿的技术。(In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a technology whereby sperm and ovum are artificially fertilized in vitro to develop into embryos, which are then transferred to the recipient mother to give birth to a baby. )
第33题
判断题
(1分) 体细胞核移植出生的克隆动物，其遗传物质完全来自体细胞。(The genetic material of cloned animals which are born from somatic cell nuclear transfer derives entirely from somatic cells.)
第34题
判断题
(1分) 减数分裂是有性生殖动物必须的、产生生殖细胞的生物学事件。(Meiosis is a biological event that is necessary to produce sex cells in sexual reproduction animals.)
第35题
判断题
(1分) 减数分裂形成的精子和卵子染色体数目比体细胞减半。(The number of chromosomes in meiotic sperm and ovum is half of that in somatic cells. )
第36题
判断题
(1分) 嵌合体即由两种或多种细胞融合形成。(Chimera is developed by fusion of two or more types of cells.)
第37题
判断题
(1分) 由于转基因机制不明确，食用转基因动物和植物对人体是有害的。(Because of the unclear mechanism of GMO, the consumption of GMO animals and plants is harmful to humans. )
第38题
判断题
(1分) 借助卵母细胞，将同性别个体的体细胞或生殖细胞注入去核的卵母细胞，可以形成胚胎，出生个体。( With the help of oocytes, the injection of somatic or germ cells from an individual of the same sex into a denucleated oocyte can form an embryo and give birth to an individual.)
第39题
判断题
(1分) .利用生物学手段对基因组上DNA片段的删除、插入，甚至单碱基的突变，均属于基因编辑范畴。(The delete, insert of DNA fragments and even single base mutations in the genome by the use of biological means are in the category of gene editing.)
第40题
判断题
(1分) 基因编辑、多能干细胞和动物克隆相结合是未来动物育种的重要手段，可以实现多基因编辑快速育种。(The combination of gene editing, pluripotent stem cells and animal cloning is an important means of animal breeding in the future, which can realize the rapid breeding of multi-gene editing.)
第41题
判断题
(1分) 通过四倍体补偿获得的iPS小鼠遗传物质与供体细胞一致。(The genetic material of iPS mice obtained by tetraploid compensation is consistent with that of donor cells.)
第42题
判断题
(1分) 动物转基因克隆就是利用经过基因修饰的体细胞进行核移植，出生转基因克隆动物的过程。(Animal transgenic cloning is the process of nuclear transfer of genetically modified somatic cells to realize the birth of transgenic cloned animals. )
第43题
判断题
(1分) 诱导多能干细胞和胚胎干细胞在发育能力、分子生物学等方面没有差别，未来诱导多能干细胞可以替代胚胎干细胞。(There is no difference between induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells in terms of developmental ability, molecular biology and so on. In the future, induced pluripotent stem cells can replace embryonic stem cells. )
第44题
判断题
(1分) 囊胚来源的干细胞可以体外自我识别，重聚胚胎样结构。(Stem cells derived from blastocyst can realize self-recognition in vitro and reassemble embryonic-like structures.)
第45题
判断题
(1分) 多能干细胞不同细胞之间和不同细胞系之间存在着异质性。(Heterogeneity exists between different cells and between different cell lines of pluripotent stem cells. )

AI创作