2018-DSE
HIST
PAPER 1 HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY
HONG KONG DIPLOMA OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION 2018
HISTORY PAPER 1
8:30 am-10:30 am (2 hours)
This paper must be answered in English
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consists of compulsory data-based questions.The maximum mark for each question is indicated in brackets after each question.It is a guide to the length of answer required,which may vary from one to a few short paragraphs.
2. Where a question is divided into a number of sub-questions,you MUST divide your answer into different parts accordingly.You risk mark penalties if you do not do so.
3. Write your answers in the answer book.Start each question (not sub-question)on a new page.
4. The topic covered by each question is indicated at the beginning of each question.
| Not to be.taken away before the end of the examination session |
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Attempt all questions in this paper.
1. Governance of colonial Hong Kong since the 1967 Riots
Study Sources A and B.
SOURCE A
The following is adapted from the cover of a comic book published in HongKong in 1974.
曼画
随地吐痰
罰欻一仟! 节事第书：!
*臭香港漫画 :Smelly Hong Kong Comics 随地吐痰，罰欻 一 仟：Fine for spitting-$1000
月薪千元 :Monthly salary-$1000
Note:
Normally,the penalty for spiting at the time ranged from HK$15 to HK$100.
‘369’was the number assigned to the policeman.
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SOURCE B
The following is adapted from a feature about Hong Kong written by a mainland Chinese reporter, published in 1997.
| Generally speaking,the people of Hong Kong do appreciate the work of its police force,which acts in a civilised and friendly manner.A lawyer who came from the mainland to work in Hong Kong told me that he once reported the loss of his identity card to a policeman nearby.Before he arrived at his office,he had already received a call from the same policeman,informing him that his card had been found.Upon picking up his card,the lawyer was so pleased that he offered the policeman 500 dollars as a sign of gratitude.His offer was gently declined.
Under the rule of the British Hong Kong government,the ‘Royal Police Force’had always upheld its stand of political neutrality.For this reason,many policemen appeared unusually calm with regard to the historic event of Hong Kong’s return to China.The majority of them kept silent on political issues.When I did reporting in the New Territories,it happened that the Colonial Police Long Service Medal was awarded for the last time by the Hong Kong Police Force under the British Hong Kong government.All the police awardees looked very pleased.When I asked a few of them what they thought of the term’colony’,they basically replied that the term did not bother them,as they had become used to it.I could not help but feel sad about that. |
(a)
(b)
(c)
What,in your opinion,was the main message of the cartoon in Source A?Explain your answer with reference to Source A. (3 marks)
What was the attitude of the author of Source B towards the Royal Hong Kong Police?Explain your answer with reference to Source B. (4 marks)
‘The colonial govermment of HongKong demonstrated an ability to improve its governance in the period 1967-97.’Do you agree?Explain your answer with reference to Sources A and B and
using your own knowledge.
(8 marks)
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事
2.
Reform and revolution in the last decade of the Qing Dynasty
Study Sources C and D.
SOURCE C
The following is adapted from a missionary’s work on China’s reform,published in 1910.
| China’s weakness is not due wholly to backwardness in the arts and sciences.It is to be equally attributed to defective connection of parts and to a lack of communication between places.Hence a sense of solidarity is wanting,and instead there is a predominance of local over national interests. For this disease,the remedy is forthcoming-railway and telegraph are rapidly welding the disjointed members of the Empire into a solid unity.The post office contributes to the same result.
China is the theatre of the greatest movement now taking place on the face of the globe.Its object is not a changed dynasty,nor a revolution in the form of government;but,with higher aim and deeper motive,it promises nothing short of the complete renovation of the oldest,most populous,and most conservative of empires.Can anyone in the world afford to look on with indifference? |
SOURCE D
The following is adapted from a missionary’s work on China’s revolution,published in 1912,shortly after the founding of the Republic of China.
| We cannot doubt the extreme sincerity of the main revolutionary leaders.They are men who,with no other motive than that of benefiting their fellow-nationals,are prepared to work for the permanent good of their country.Many of them for years have been China’s real reformers,but led very low- profile lives.About them litle has been known,and as often as not they have been despised as a dangerous faction in the country.The Qing Government has been hunting them to do them to death. There have been thousands of smaller men,however,sent abroad to light the fuse;but all of them live low-profile lives.Today,looking back over the years,it is a wonderful thing to be able to have in this book the fruit of the toiling efforts of years of China’s enlightened educated sons. |
(a) According to Source C,what impact would reform bring to the Qing Dynasty?Explain your
answer with reference to Source C. (3 marks)
(b) Why did the author of Source D think that revolutionaries were admirable?Cite two clues from
Source D to explain your answer. (2+2 marks)
(c) Suppose you were a Chinese scholar in 1911.Would you prefer to be a reformer or a revolutionary?Explain why you prefer one but do not prefer the other,with reference to Sources C and D and using your own knowledge. (8 marks)
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3. Europe before the First World War
Study Sources E and F.
SOURCE E
The following is adapted from a scout handbook written by British Lieutenant-General Robert Baden- Powell,father of modern scouting.The handbook,published in 1908,depicts his early ideas of scouting.
| People say that we have no patriotism nowadays,and that therefore our British Empire will fall to pieces like the great Roman Empire did,because its citizens became selfish and lazy,and only cared for amusements.I am not so sure about that.I am sure that if you boys will keep the well-being of your country in your eyes above everything else,our Empire will go on all right.But if you don’t do this,there is very great danger,because we have many enemies abroad,and they are growing daily stronger and stronger.
‘Country first,self second’should be your motto. Remember it is going to be the business of everyone of you to keep our national flag flying,even if you have to bleed for it-just as your forefathers did before you. |
SOURCE F
The following is adapted from an account of a competition of a debating society whose membership was drawn primarily from the University of Oxford,England,conducted in May 1914.
| Motion:‘The Triple Entente was an unnecessary policy of Britain’ | |
| For | Against |
| The Triple Entente could not balance the
Triple Alliance -its supposed object.We must be careful,for ententes,like marriages, were easier to enter into than to get out of Our present misguided policy was making a reconciliation with Germany impossible. The secrecy of the Entente was problematic No one knew exactly what it was;but if it was not an alliance,it fulfilled no useful function; and if it was,it was a challenge well calculated to provoke Germany,and so produce a nightmare in Europe. |
As to Britain receiving no benefit from the Entente,if it contributed to European peace that was ample justification
A true insight into the character and aims of the European powers found full justification for the Entente.For Germany the one necessary policy was expansion.To meet that and other dangers,the Entente was essential, and without it war would be inevitable. |
| Voting by the audience after the debate -for the motion,96;against it,60. | |
(a) What can you conclude from Source E about the nature of scouting at the time?Explain your answer with reference to Source E. (4 marks)
(b) Identify from Source F the common concern of both sides when debating about the necessity of the Triple Entente.Explain your answer with reference to Source F. (3 marks)
(c) ‘Widespread nationalism across Europe did not necessarily lead to the outbreak of a general war.’ Do you agree?Explain your answer with reference to Sources E and F and using your own knowledge concerning the historical development of Europe up to 1914. (8 marks)
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4. International cooperation after the Second World War
Study Sources G and H.
SOURCE G
F
The following table shows the number of vetoes used by the five permanent members of the Security Council of the United Nations in the period 1946-2000.
| USA | USSR/
Russia |
United
Kingdom |
France | ROC/PRC* | All
permanent members |
|
| 1946-1950 | 0 | 51 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 53 |
| 1951-1960 | 0 | 44 | 2 | 2 | 49 | |
| 1961-1970 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 17 | |
| 1971-1980 | 21 | 9 | 12 | 7 | 2 | 51 |
| 1981-1990 | 47 | 2 | 15 | 7 | 0 | 71 |
| 1991-2000 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7 |
| Total | 72 | 121 | 32 | 18 | 5 | 248 |
*ROC:Republic of China
PRC: People’s Republic of China
SOURCE H
The following is adapted from a speech by Paolo Fulei,Ambassador of Italy to the United Nations, delivered to the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1995.
We are confronted by two opposing views of the future of our Organization.One is an approach that I do not hesitate to call elitist.The other is a democratic one.
One of the reasons most frequently cited for creating two new permanent members in the Security Council is that Germany and Japan represent the new reality of the past 30 years in the international community.With all due respect,I cannot share this view.These two global powers,along with others,have existed at least since the beginning of the century.The true new reality of the past 30 years is that 100 or so former colonies have become full-fledged sovereign countries.
‘Economic and social progress in the world only makes sense if it is also accompanied by efforts at democratising international life among all nations,big and small.To my eyes,democratisation is an imperative not only within states,but between them and in all the places of power in international society.’These are not my words,but those of UN Secretary-General Boutros-Ghali,ffom his address to the conference of the Non-Aligned Movement*last October.It is our sincere hope that this spirit of democracy among nations may also prevail in the United Nations and the international community as a whole.
Non-Aligned Movement it is a movernent in which a group of developing counties promote economic cooperation and are not formally aligned with or against any major powers.
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(a) Infer from Source G two characteristics of international politics after the Second World War. Explain your answer with reference to Source G. (4 marks)
(b) Identify from Source H one structural problem of the United Nations.Explain your answer with reference to Source H. (3 marks)
(c) Do you agree that national interest always hinders international cooperation?Explain your answer with reference to Sources G and H and using your own knowledge concerning international cooperation in the period 1946-2000. (8 marks)
END OF PAPER
Sources of materials used in this paper will be acknowledged in the booklet HKDSE Question Papers published by the Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority at a later stage.
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