• 游客 购买了资源 2007年8月13日,湖南省湘西自治州凤凰县正在建设的堤溪沱江大桥发生坍塌事故,造成64人死亡22人受伤,直接经济损失3974.7万元。 (一)事故原因和性质 1.直接原因。 由于大桥主拱圈砌筑材料未满足规范和设计要求,拱桥上部构造施工工序不合理,主拱圈砌筑质量差,降低了拱圈砌体的整体性和强度,随着拱上荷载的不断增加,造成1号孔主拱圈靠近0号桥台一侧约3~4m宽范围内,即2号腹拱下的拱脚区段砌体强度达到破坏极限而坍塌,受连拱效应影响,整个大桥迅速坍塌。 2.间接原因。 ①施工单位项目经理部擅自变更原主拱圈施工方案,现场管理混乱,违规乱用料石,主拱圈施工不符合规范要求,在主拱圈未达到设计强度的情况下就开始落架施工作业。②建设单位项目管理混乱,对发现的施工质量问题未认真督促施工单位整改,未经设计单位同意擅自与施工单位变更原主拱圈设计施工方案,盲目倒排工期赶进度,越权指挥,甚至要求监理不要上桥检查。③监理单位未能制止施工单位擅自变更原主拱圈施工方案,对发现的主拱圈施工质量问题督促整改不力,在主拱圈砌筑完成但强度资料尚未测出的情况下即签字验收合格。 3.事故性质: 这是一起生产安全责任事故。 (二)对事故责任人员及责任单位的处理 1.移送司法机关处理人员。移送司法机关处理人员共13人。其中:监理公司现场监理处副处长兼现场监理余xx,涉嫌工程重大安全事故罪;现场监理处处长李xx,涉嫌工程重大安全事故罪。 2.给予党纪、政纪处分人员。给予党纪、政纪处分人员共19人。其中:监理公司党支部书记、副经理续xx,对事故发生负有重要领导责任,给予行政记大过、党内警告处分;监理公司总工汤x,对事故发生负有主要领导责任,给予行政撤职、党内严重警告处分。 3.对事故有关人员的处理…… 4.对事故有关单位的处理。……暂扣监理有限公司“工程监理证书”等有关证照。 (三)中央电视台专访的专家视点 沱江大桥突然坍塌存在以下几个问题: 1.为了州庆缩短大桥养护期。沱江大桥施工工期过紧,施工中变更了主拱圈砌筑的程序,拱架拆卸过早。据了解,主拱圈的养护期是28天,第19天开始卸架,养护期不够,比规定少了9天。因为养护期减短,大桥拱圈承载能力减弱。 2.桥下地质复杂,桥墩严重裂缝。施工中就已经发现桥墩的地质构造比较复杂,而且还发现0号桥墩下面有严重裂隙。施工中虽然对此处进行了一些处理,但现在看来,没有从根本上解决问题。大桥垮塌的方向从0号桥墩开始,像积木一样顺一个方向垮塌。 3.所用沙石含土量过高。主拱圈砌筑质量有问题。砌筑要使用料石,但事故后发现,塌下来的主拱圈中还有片石;砌筑的砂浆不饱满,有空隙、空洞;沙石含泥量比较高,影响混凝土的黏结力。 4.工程层层分包,质量管理混乱。质量管理方面存在问题。施工中有工程变更,却没有及时告知监理单位;监理单位发现了问题,没有及时向上级部门反映;工程分包单位多,层层分包。 问题: 1.上述案例中,监理工程师巡视发现施工单位未按主拱圈施工方案施工时,该如何处理? 2.安全监理工作中,监理工程师该如何检查分包单位? 3.事故发生后,监理工程师应做哪些工作? 问题: 1.上述案例中,监理工程师巡视发现施工单位未按主拱圈施工方案施工时,该如何处理? 2.安全监理工作中,监理工程师该如何检查分包单位? 3.事故发生后,监理工程师应做哪些工作?
  • u******* 加入了本站
  • 游客 购买了资源 由某企业承建的某多功能现代化商务综合大厦,地上46层,地下3层,全现浇钢筋混凝土框架-剪力墙结构,主体结构采用泵送混凝土等新技术。建筑物周边都十分接近规划红线,周边建筑及地下管线对因工程基坑开挖引起地层变形移动影响十分敏感,且基坑北面临近地铁。该工程地下室基坑开挖深度较大,为确保基坑开挖安全编制了专项施工方案,并由安全总监签字确认后实施。该地下室位于总厚达40m多的淤泥质土之中,根据本工程的特点,经多方案比较,决定基坑围护结构采用80cm厚的地下连续墙,而支护结构则为五道钢筋混凝土水平支撑的总体方案。经验算,可以满足结构变形和稳定要求,确保地下室开挖施工不致于影响地铁的正常运行、周边道路、建筑物及各种地下管线的正常使用。在工程施工中发生如下事件: 事件一:本工程地下水位较高,约为-0.5m,开挖范围位于淤泥质土体内,含水量大,施工必须事前采取降水措施,因基坑围护是采用地下连续墙,具有较好的挡水和抗渗性能。结合实际情况,决定采用轻型井点降水并编制了降水施工方案。 事件二:根据地质勘察资料、上部结构形式、荷载和施工条件等情况,基础施工采用人工挖孔扩底灌注桩与平板式筏形基础,板厚2m,桩基承台连同地下室的筏形基础同时展开施工。基础底板厚2m,桩基承台厚1.8m,混凝土强度等级C40,抗渗等级P8。由于承台和筏板混凝土浇筑量大,在开始阶段施工中出现了少许裂缝。为确保施工质量,项目部制定了以下控制裂缝的措施: (1)优先选用低水化热的普通硅酸盐水泥拌制混凝土,并适当加入木质素磺酸钙减水剂。 (2)在保证混凝土设计强度等级的前提下,适当提高水灰比,减少水泥用量。 (3)降低混凝土的浇筑温度,控制混凝土内外温差在30℃以内。 (4)分层分块逐步浇筑,加强养护,及时对混凝土进行覆盖保温、保湿材料。 (5)预埋冷却管,通入循环水将混凝土内部降温。 事件三:在进行办公楼大厅顶盖模板支架预应力混凝土空心板现场浇筑施工时,发生模板支撑体系坍塌事故,造成6人死亡、12人受伤。经有关部门调查,造成事故主要原因是模板支架搭设质量不符合要求;现场搭设模板支架中使用的部分钢管材料存在质量缺陷;施工现场管理存在严重问题。事后,建设行政主管部门对该施工企业作了相应的行政处罚,公安机关依法对有关责任单位的涉案人员追究刑事责任。 问题 (1)结合事件一说明井点降水施工方案的内容主要包括哪些? (2)请指出本案例中有哪些不妥之处,并说明理由。 (3)分析说明事件二承台和筏板混凝土浇筑中出现裂缝的主要原因是什么? (4)事件三工程事故可定为几级重大事故?请说明理由。 (5)事件三事故类型是什么?
  • u******* 下载了资源 2025年秋江苏开放大学经济学基础050264第一次作业答案
  • u******* 购买了资源 2025年秋江苏开放大学经济学基础050264第一次作业答案
  • u******* 登录了本站
  • u******* 登录了本站
  • u******* 加入了本站
  • u******* 签到打卡,获得1金币奖励
  • 1******* 登录了本站

四川电大英语I(2)[0020](省)任务一

大学英语01任务_0001
四大形成性测评系统 课程代码:5110017 参考资料
、单项选择题(共 15 道试题,共 60 分。)
1. This sweater is not for me. I need a bigger size.
A.
enough big
B.
smaller
C.
big enough
参考答案:C
2. It’s ____ to learn how to play tennis.
A. easily
B. easy
C. lazy
参考答案:B
3.
Tom wants to buy the book, is very interesting.
A.
that
B. who
C. which
参考答案:C
4.
He bought two books. she.
A.
So did
B. So was
C. So does
参考答案:A
5. The man is . He is rude to others.
A. polite
B. impossible
C. impolite
参考答案:C
6. It was cold to go for a walk.
A. very
B. too
C. enough
参考答案:B
7. Her homework is in her class.
A.
the best
B. good
C. better
参考答案:A
8.
I can’t sit here; this chair is very .
A.
uncomfortable
B. discomfortable
C. noncomfortable
参考答案:A
9.
You have done a very good job.
A. very
B. indeed
C. certainly
参考答案:C
10.
A: What do you think of the film?
B: I think it is great.
A.
really
B. very
C. most
参考答案:A
11.
He answer my phone call yesterday.
A. doesn’t
B. didn’t
C. wasn’t
参考答案:B
12.
When I was by myself, I felt .
A. alone
B. only
C. lonely
参考答案:C
13.
A: I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
B: Oh,not at all,I here only a few minutes.
A. will be
B. was
C. have been
参考答案:C
14.
She’s the person owns the restaurant.
A.
who
B. which
C. what
参考答案:A
15.
A: you watch television last night?
B: No, I didn’t.
A.
Do
B. Did
C. Can
参考答案:B

、阅读理解(共 2 道试题,共 40 分。)
1.
If I lived on a desert island, I wouldn’t be bored or lonely. I prefer being on my own, and I think I’d enjoy that. I’d make my own entertainment. If I had a pen and some paper, I’d write a novel. I’ve always wanted to do that, but I’ve never had time. If I didn’t have to go to work, I’d have lots of time, wouldn’t I? I’d be happy to leave my job as I don’t like my boss; she’s always complaining.
If I had some tools, I’d have a garden and grow my own food, I’ m quite good at gardening and really enjoy working outside. I’d grow lots of vegetables and fruit. I’d eat fish if I could catch them. I haven’t been fishing since I was a child, but I’m sure I could remember how to do it. I wouldn’t miss watching television or driving my car. The programmes are all boring, and the roads are too busy these days. I’d miss my family and friends, but I think I’d be happier than I am now!
根据文章的内容,判断下列句子是否正确。
1). I wouldn’t be bored or lonely if I lived on a desert island.
A.
Right
B. Wrong
2). I’ve never had time to read a novel.
A. Right
B. Wrong
3). I would grow my own food.
A.

Right
B. Wrong
4). I’m sure I could remember how to fish.
A.
Right
B. Wrong
5). I would miss TV.
A.
Right
B. Wrong
参考答案:ABAAB
2.
David and Xiaoyan arrived at the airport in good time. After checking in at the BA (British Airways) desk, they had their boarding passes checked, put their bags through the X-ray machine and went through the passport control on their way to the departure lounge.
They didn’t have anything to eat because they would eat on the plane, but they had a coffee and then they looked round the shops. Xiaoyan bought something for Mary, but David didn’t buy anything.
Then they went to the gate. They had about 20 minutes to wait before embarking. Suddenly David realized that he hadn’t got his camera with him. They went back and looked everywhere to see where he could have lost it—in the shops, in the cafe, at the X-ray machine, at the passport control and at the checking-in desk, but nobody had seen it.
“I must have left it in the cafe,” said David, “I should have put it in my bag. I suppose someone must have walked off with it!”
1). When they arrived at the airport, they had____.
A.
hardly any time
B. plenty of time
C.
just enough time
2). They first went .
A.
to the checking-in desk
B. through customs
C. through the passport control
3). David realized that his camera was missing when he was .
A.
in the cafe
B. in the departure lounge
C. at the gate
4). They looked for the camera everywhere except .
A. in the shops
B. at the X-ray machine
C. on the plane
5). David thought he must have left it .
A.

in the cafe
B. in the taxi
C. at home
参考答案:CACCA

内容查看
查看价格3
点点赞赏,手留余香 给TA打赏

AI创作

评论0

请先
支持多种货币
支持多种货币付款,满足您的付款需求
7天无忧退换
安心无忧购物,售后有保障
专业客服服务
百名资深客服7*24h在线服务
发货超时赔付
交易成功极速发货,专业水准保证时效性

站点公告

开放大学课程作业辅导,有需要扫码加微信

显示验证码

社交账号快速登录

微信扫一扫关注
扫码关注后会自动登录