2018年临沂市初中学业水平考试试题
英语
第I卷
一、听力测试
注意: 听力测试分四部分,共20小题。做题时,请先将答案画在试卷上,录音内容结束后,将所选答案转涂到答题卡上。
(一) (2018·山东临沂) 听句子, 选择与句子内容相对应的图片。每个句子读两遍。
A. 
B. 
C. 
学*科*网…学*科*网…学*科*网…学*科*网…学*科*网…学*科*网…学*科*网…学*科*网…学*科*网…学*科*网…学*科*网…
A. 
B. 
C. 
(二) (2018·山东临沂)听对话和问题, 根据所听内容,选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。
6. A. Hardly ever. B. Once a month. C. Twice a month.
7. A. Because she had a headache.
B. Because she looked after her sister.
C. Because she stayed up to watch a film.
8. A. He likes musicians who play different kinds of music.
B. He likes musicians who write their own songs.
C. He likes musicians who play quiet and slow songs.
9. A . It’s on the top of the fridge.
B. It’s on the table by the door.
C. It’s in Susan s schoolbag.
10. A. She is walking across the fields.
B. She is swimming in the pool.
C. She is playing tennis with her friend.
(三) (2018·山东临沂)听短文, 根据短文内容,判断下列句子正误, 正确的用“A”表示,不正确的用“B”表示。短文读两遍。听短文前, 你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。
11. In the forest, one redwood (红杉) tree was 70 meters tall and 1000 years old.
12. When Julia lived in the tree-house, her family cooked food for her every day.
13. Julia used her mobile phone to talk to news reporters when she was in the tree.
14. In the end. Julia failed and the redwood tree was cut down.
15. Finally, Julia stayed in the tree for eight days.
二、单项填空
选择最佳答案。
1. (2018·山东临沂) The bed piano allows a music lover to play ______ piano while he is lying in bed.
A. a B. an
C. / D. the
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：句意：床上钢琴可以让音乐爱好者躺在床上弹钢琴。根据句意床上钢琴可以让音乐爱好者躺在床上弹钢琴。play+某种乐器，中间要加定冠词the，play the piano弹钢琴；故答案选D。
2. (2018·山东临沂) Did you read your favorite books _____ April 23? It was World Book Day.
A. for B. at
C. on D. in
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：4月23日你读过你最喜欢的书吗？那天是世界读书日。考查介词的用法。in泛指一般意义的上午、下午或晚上以及月或年等较长的时间；on表示星期几或某一特定的日期；at表示时间的某一点、某一时刻或年龄等；for用于表示一段时间。April 23四月二十三日，具体到某月某日需用介词on，故选C。
3. (2018·山东临沂) We couldn’t buy anything because ______ of the shops were open.
A. all B. both
C. nothing D. none
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们不能买任何东西，因为没有一家商店开门。考查不定代词辨析。all表示“三者或三者以上都”；both表示“两者都”，和and连用；nothing表示“什么也没有”，不和of连用；none表示“三者或三者以上 没有一个”。all of全都，none of都不；根据句意，可知none of符合句意，故选D。
4. (2018·山东临沂) Could you please speak a little louder? I ______ hear you very well.
A. can’t B. mustn’t
C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：请你说大点声好吗？我不能很好地听到你说的话。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能，表示不能够；mustn’t不许，表禁止；shouldn’t不应该，表劝诫；needn’t无需，表示没必要。本句表示“不能够”，根据句意语境，可知BCD三项意思都与句意不合，故选A。
5. (2018·山东临沂) Jane _______ to call me last night, but she didn’t.
A. supposed B. supposes
C. was supposed D. is suppose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：詹妮昨天晚上应该打电话给我的，但是她没有。考查被动语态。supposed to猜想会/应该，be supposed to do本应该会，固定短语。Jane是动词suppose的受动者，需用被动语态；last night昨天晚上，是过去的时间，系词需用was；根据句意语境，可知选C。
6. (2018·山东临沂) They ______ about a comedy this time yesterday.
A. were talking B. are talking
C. have talked D. will talk
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，他们正在谈论一个喜剧片。考查动词时态。this time yesterday昨天这个时间，用于过去进行时，需用was/were+现在分词结构。they是复数人称，系词需用were，根据句意语境，可知选A。
7. (2018·山东临沂) Of all the blue holes in the world, Sansha Yongle Blue Hole in the South China Sea is now _______. It is 300.89 meters deep.
A. deeper B. very deep
C. as deep as D. the deepest
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：在世界上所有海洋蓝洞中，中国南海三沙永乐龙洞是最深的。它300.89米深。考查形容词最高级。根据上文Of all the blue holes in the world，结合句意和语境，可知用deep的最高级，形容词最高级需用定冠词the修饰，故选D。
8. (2018·山东临沂) I didn’t see you ______ in. You must have been very quiet.
A. comes B. to come
C. come D. have come
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我没有见你进来，你一定是悄悄地进来的。考查非谓语动词。see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，强调正在做的动作；see sb. do sth.意为“看见了某人做某事”，强调看见动作的全过程。根据句意，“我”没有看见come这个动作正在发生，故选C。
9. (2018·山东临沂) When you are in your school dining hall during lunchtime, you may feel lonely _______ you can find someone to have lunch with.
A. if B. unless
C. after D. because
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：当你在学校食堂吃午饭的时候，你可能会感到孤独，除非你能找个人一起吃午饭。考查连词用法辨析。if如果，unless除非，都表条件；after表时间，because表原因。本句前后句是条件关系，，可排除CD两项。根据句意可知if不合句意，故选B。
10. (2018·山东临沂) The TV news reports that there ________ a storm the day after tomorrow
A. is B. was
C. will be D. has be
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：电视新闻报道称，后天将有暴雨。考查动词时态。宾语从句是there be结构，the day after tomorrow后天，用于一般将来时，需用there will be或there is going to be结构。根据句意结构，故选C。
11. (2018·山东临沂) A primary school in England has ______ signs at its three entrances (入口), saying: Greet your child with a smile, not a mobile.
A. put into B. put off
C. put on D. put up
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：英国一所小学在三个入口竖起了指示牌，写着：请用微笑问候你的孩子，而不是移动手机。考查动词短语辨析。put into把……放入；put off推迟；put on穿上；put up张贴。根据句意语境，可知put up合乎句意，故选D。
12. (2018·山东临沂) My grandparents like stories ________ have happy endings.
A. they B. who
C. which D. /
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我爷爷奶奶喜欢有快乐结局的故事。考查定语从句。先行词stories（故事）表示物，需用关系代词that或which，引导词同时做从句的主语，根据句意结构，故选C。
13. (2018·山东临沂) Most British people drink tea every day _______ they prefer black tea. They usually add milk or sugar to their tea.
A. so B. or
C. but D. and
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：大部分英国人每天喝茶，但他们更喜欢喝红茶。他们通常在他们的茶里加牛奶和糖。考查连词辨析。so表因果，or表选择，but表转折，and表并列。本句前后是转折关系，需用but连接；根据句意结构，故选C。
14. (2018·山东临沂) _______ popular festival Halloween is in North America!
A. What B. What a
C. How D. How a
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：在北美万圣节是一个多么受欢迎的节日啊！考查感叹句。英语中感叹句有两种形式：1.what引导的感叹句，其构成：what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!/ what +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!/ what +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语! 2. How引导的感叹句，其构成：how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!本句popular festival流行节日，festival是单数名词，popular以辅音因素开头，需用“what +a+形容词+单数名词+主谓句”结构；根据句意结构，故选B。
15. (2018·山东临沂) — Excuse me, could you please tell me _______ from here to the airport?
— Sure, It’s about 100 kilometers.
A. how far it is B. how long it takes
C. how far is it D. how long does it take
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——请问，请你告诉我从这儿到飞机场多远？——可以，大约100公里。考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除选项C、D。how far问距离。how long问时间/长度；根据答语可知是问距离，故选A。
三、阅读理解
A
(2018·山东临沂)People already know a lot about animals. However, there are still some things about animals that may surprise you. Here are some facts about animals you probably didn’t know.
Cows do have best friends and feel stressed when they are separated. Scientists have found that cows are very social animals and a cow always makes friends with other cows. When a cow is with its friends, it feels relaxed, compared with when it is alone.
During breeding season, a male penguin (企鹅) will offer a small stone to a female penguin as a gift. If she takes it, they will become partners. When the female penguin lays an egg, she and her partner may carry it on their feet, because some penguins don’t build nests (鸟巢).
Crocodiles (鳄鱼) swallow (吞) stones. Crocodiles always swallow their food instead of eating it like other animals. They swallow stones which break the food into very small pieces in their stomachs. These stones may stay in their stomachs all their lives.
Elephants use plants to treat pain or other illness. Scientists once found a pregnant (怀孕的) elephant in Africa who ate a kind of plant which was not part of her normal food. Four days later, she gave birth to a baby elephant. The same plant was used by the local pregnant women.
根据短文内容,判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示,不正确的用“B”表示。
16. A cow hates making friends with other cows.
17. All the male penguins will build nests if the female penguins lay eggs.
18. Crocodiles swallow stones to help with digestion (消化).
19. Elephants eat plants only when they are hungry.
20. The passage mainly tells us some surprising facts about animals.
【答案】16. B 17. B
18. A 19. B
20. A
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：本文主要介绍了四种动物牛、企鹅、鳄鱼和大象一些不被人所知的生活习性。
【16题详解】
题意：奶牛讨厌和其他牛交朋友。考查细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Scientists have found that cows are very social animals and a cow always makes friends with other cows.，科学家发现牛喜欢与其它牛交朋友，可知说法错误，故选B。
【17题详解】
题意：如果雌企鹅下蛋，所有雄性企鹅都会筑巢。考查细节理解题。根据第三段第三句When the female penguin lays an egg, she and her partner may carry it on their feet, because some penguins don’t build nests (鸟巢).，并不是所有的企鹅将为筑巢，可知说法错误，故选B。
【18题详解】
题意：鳄鱼吞咽石块以帮助消化。考查细节理解题。根据第四段第三句They swallow stones which break the food into very small pieces in their stomachs.，它们吞石头是为了把在它们肚子里的食物变小，从而帮助它们消化，可知说法正确，故选A。
【19题详解】
题意：大象只有在饥饿的时候才会吃植物。考查细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Elephants use plants to treat pain or other illness.，大象吃植物是为了止痛或治病，可知说法错误，故选B。
【20题详解】
题意：这篇文章主要告诉我们一些关于动物的令人惊奇的事实。考查主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句Here are some facts about animals you probably didn’t know.，可知本文主要介绍了动物的一些不被人知（令人惊讶的）情况，所以说法正确，故选A。
【点睛】阅读判断题，即根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断。首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实和重要情节，包括事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这对题目的判断至关重要，需要考生综合所有的细节来理解把握。
B
(2018·山东临沂)What was discovered by accident? The answer is penicillin (青霉素). It kills germs. By killing germs, it saves lives. Suppose you are sick. You go to a doctor. She examines you. She says you have a “staph” infection (葡萄球菌感染). She gives you some medicine. You take it. The medicine knocks out the staph. Soon you are well. Before penicillin, this would not happen. Staph was almost sure death.
Everyone wanted a medicine. Laboratories worked day and night. They grew the staph in small dishes. Then they tried to kill it. Nothing worked.
The laboratory dishes had covers on them. They kept things from falling into dishes. Molds (霉菌) were a big worry. They are always in the air. You can’t see them. They’re too small. There are thousands of different molds. Molds can make an experiment (实验) fail. That’s why dishes are covered.
Dr. Alexander Fleming was working to kill the staph germ. He worked for years. One day he took a cover off a dish. He looked inside. There was a thick growth of staph germ. There was also some mold. Then he saw something strange. Where the mold was, there was no growth of staph. This is what Fleming probably thought. “By accident, I found a mold to kill the dreaded staph.”
This is how penicillin was found. But here’s the real miracle (奇迹). There are thousands of kinds of molds. But only one kind can kill staph. The mold must have fallen into the dish a few days before. The cover was probably off only a few seconds (秒). In those few seconds the right mold fell into the right dish. Another man might have thrown the dish away. But Fleming was very careful and smart. He understood what the mold did. How lucky the humans were!
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案
21. During the experiments to find a medicine for staph infections, ________.
A. the dishes were not covered
B. staph and mold were put together
C. mold was kept in small dishes
D. staph was grown in small dishes
22. The word “ dreaded” means “_______”.
A. famous B. scary
C. health D. endangered
23. The last paragraph suggests that _______.
A. accidents happen to everyone
B. the careful person does not have accidents
C. the careless person will miss valuable chances
D. luck is enough when doing scientific experiments
24. Most of this passage is written by ______.
A. telling an unusual story B. showing the results of experiments
C. offering some reasons D. giving some advice
25. This passage is mainly about ______.
A. medicine for a staph infection B. useful accidents
C. Dr. Fleming’s research D. discovering penicillin
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：本文介绍了青霉素在实验室的意外发现以及主要用途。
【21题详解】
题意：在寻找葡萄球菌感染的药物的实验中， 。考查细节理解题。A. the dishes were not covered盘子没有被覆盖。B. staph and mold were put together把葡萄球菌和霉菌放在一起。C. mold was kept in small dishes模具放在小碟子里。D. staph was grown in small dishes葡萄种在小碟子里。根据第二段第三句They grew the staph in small dishes.可知，在实验的过程中，青霉素是在密封的盘子里生长的。故选D。
【22题详解】
题意：“dreaded”这个词的意思是 。考查词义猜测题。根据第一段You go to a doctor. She examines you. She says you have a “staph” infection，葡萄球菌能让人生病，可知它是“可怕的”，故选B。
【23题详解】
题意：最后一段暗示了 。考查推理判断题。根据最后一段中There are thousands of kinds of molds. But only one kind can kill staph.，有数以万计的霉菌，但只有一个能杀死葡萄球菌，可知只有细心的人才能发现霉菌杀死葡萄球菌，粗心的人是得不到有价值的东西的，故选C。
【24题详解】
题意：这篇文章的大部分都是通过 撰写的。考查综合理解题。根据短文内容，整篇文章都是通过实验介绍青霉素和霉菌是怎样被发现的，故选B。
【25题详解】
题意：这篇文章主要是关于 的。考查主旨大意题。A. medicine for a staph infection用于葡萄球菌感染的药物；B. useful accidents有用的事故；C. Dr. Fleming’s research Fleming博士的研究；D. discovering penicillin发现青霉素。通读全文，本文介绍了青霉素在实验室的意外发现以及主要用途，故选D。
【点睛】对于阅读理解题，首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读理解的题目中，所设问题主要有以下几种方式：找主题或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具体事实和情节进行提问、根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断等，在细读时，要根据设问的方式，进行有侧重地阅读。1、概括文章中心思想。1)文首呈现主题句。2)文尾出现主题句。3)首尾呼应展现主题。4)文中表述主题。前面提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后再做进一步的解释。5)文章没有主题句。在这种情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来。进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出文章的主题句。2.掌握文章的具体事实和重要情节。在考题中，经常会见到就文章中某一具体事实和重要情节进行测试的题目。这就要求考生在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这些都有可能作为测试点。还有一些测试题，要求考生在理解的基础上，通过自己的思维将理解的内容系统化，比如计算、排序等题型。
C
根据短文内容,从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空,使语意通顺完整。第一个方框供
41—45小题选用, 第二个方框供46—50小题选用。每个选项只能使用一次,每框有一项剩余。
A
| A. since B. speakers C. our D. until E. included F. expresses |
(2018·山东临沂)He was a poet (诗人) known for the nostalgia (怀旧) he describes in his poems. Now, It’s time for us to express ___26___nostalgia for this great writer.
On December 14, 2017 the famous Chinese poet Yu Guangzhong passed away in Taiwan. He was born in 1928 in Nanjing, Jiangsu. Yu and his family moved to Taiwan in the 1950s. He lived and worked there____27____his death.
Nostalgia is Yu’s famous poem in which he___28___his homesickness (乡愁) for the Chinese mainland when he was in Taiwan. The poem came out in 1971, and it remains highly popular among Chinese ___29___worldwide. Even those who know little about literature enjoy lines from the poem. The poem is___30___ in Chinese high school textbooks.
【答案】26. C 27. D
28. F 29. B
30. E
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：本文介绍了中国著名“乡愁诗人”余光中的主要成就。他不仅在诗歌方面卓有成就，在翻译和散文等方面也很成功，他的著名诗歌《乡愁》，在海内外华人间广为传诵。
【26题详解】
句意：现在，是我们对这位伟大作家表达乡愁的时候了。nostalgia怀旧/乡愁，名词需用形容词等定语修饰。根据上文It’s time for us，可知是“表达我们的怀念”。根据句意语境，故选C。
【27题详解】
句意：他在那里居住和工作，直到他去世。本句缺时间状语，根据句意可知填until，故选D。
【28题详解】
句意：《乡愁》是余光中著名的诗，表达了他在台湾时对大陆恋恋不舍的一份情怀。本句是定语从句，从句缺谓语动词。he是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式；根据句意语境，故选F。
【29题详解】
句意：这首诗1971年出版，它在中外华人中广泛流传。Chinese中国话的，形容词修饰名词；根据句意语境，故选B。
【30题详解】
句意：这首诗被选入高中语文教材。“is+过去分词”表示被动语态结构；根据句意结构和语境，故选E。
【点睛】短文填空题。选择正确的单词并用其正确形式填空，使句意通顺，文意连贯。主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。
B
| A. translated B. writing C. stick to D. achievements E. give up F. successful |
(2018·山东临沂)Besides his___31___in poems, Yu was also a___32___translator (翻译家), essay writer and critic.
He once___33___English poet Siegfried Sassoon’s poem In Me, Past, Present, Future Meet into Chinese. It is regarded as a perfect and powerful translation, in which the most famous line is “心有猛虎, 细嗅蔷薇” for “In me the tiger sniffs the rose”.
Yu spent his whole life___34___. In a 2015 interview with People’ Daily, he said, “The reason why I ___35___writing till today is my passion (热爱) for the Chinese language. ”He then added that his love for his mother and his motherland made this passion stronger.
【答案】31. D 32. F
33. A 34. B
35. C
【解析】
短文大意：短文介绍的是中国著名诗人余光中的翻译成就和他对汉语的热爱。
【31题详解】
句意：除了他在诗词方面的成就外，余光中也是一位成功的翻译家，散文家和评论家。his他的，形容词性物主代词需接名词；根据下文Yu was also a successful translator , essay writer and critic.，结合句意语境，可知余光中成绩斐然，故选D。
【32题详解】
句意：除了他在诗词方面的成就外，余光中也是一位成功的翻译家，散文家和评论家。translator , essay writer and critic名词词组需用形容词修饰；根据句意语境，可知选F。
【33题详解】
句意：余光中把英国诗人西格夫里·萨松的诗In Me, Past, Present, Future Meet翻译成汉语。translate…into…把……翻译成……，固定短语。根据句意语境，可知选A。
【34题详解】
句意：余光中一生笔耕不辍。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事，固定短语。根据句意语境，可知选B。
【35题详解】
句意：直到今天我没有放弃写作的原因是我对汉语的热爱。give up放弃，后接名词或动名词；根据句意语境，可知选C。
D
(2018·山东临沂) Shanghai is one of the first cities in China to see bike sharing fever. Shared bikes can now be found all over the city. ___36___On streets see riders of your age. Some might even be younger than you. Unluckily, there have been some accidents involving (涉及) shared bikes.___37___
One of the most serious accidents took place in March. One Sunday afternoon, a boy was riding an ofo bike (共享单车). He was hit by a bus and later died. The boy’s parents were not by his side. ___38___He was only about 10 years old.
The good news is that Shanghai has been trying to manage bike sharing by making rules. The rules are still being discussed, but some of the rules have been decided on. ___39___Users must be between 1. 45 and 1.95 meters tall.
However, it could be hard to make these rules work. Ou Jing is ofo’s manager in Shanghai. He said the company had banned (禁止) children under 12 from using its service. Yet, young children can still be seen riding ofo bikes. That’s because many ofo bikes use manual (手动的) locks. ___40___Ofo has developed electronic locks. However, it will take some time for the company to fix the new locks on all of its bikes.
Most of you are old enough to ride a shared bike. Still, please ride slowly for your own safety. When you finish using the bike, don’t forget to park and lock it properly—for everybody’s safety.
根据短文内容, 从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处,使短文内容通顺完整。
| A. If a user doesn’t lock the bike properly after using it, anyone can ride it away.
B. In fact, they are popular not only among adults but also among teens. C. All of the children under 12 have stopped riding ofo bikes. D. Besides, the boy was considered too young to ride a bike. E. For example, only people aged between 12 and 70 can ride shared bikes. F. These accidents warn us that shared bikes are not for everybody. |
【答案】36. B 37. F
38. D 39. C
40. A
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：本文介绍了上海共享单车对儿童的使用进行限制的原因以及所采取的措施。
【36题详解】
根据上句Shared bikes can now be found all over the city.和下句On streets see riders of your age. Some might even be younger than you.，可知空白处是个过渡句，备选句子In fact, they are popular not only among adults but also among teens.符合句意，故选B。
【37题详解】
根据上句Unluckily, there have been some accidents involving (涉及) shared bikes. 不幸地是，一些事故涉及到共享单车，可知备选句子These accidents warn us that shared bikes are not for everybody.符合句意，故选F。
【38题详解】
根据下文He was only about 10 years old.他才10岁，可知备选句子Besides, the boy was considered too young to ride a bike.符合句意，故选D。
【39题详解】
根据The rules are still being discussed, but some of the rules have been decided on. 规则仍然在讨论中，但是一些规则已经决定了，可知备选句子All of the children under 12 have stopped riding ofo bikes.符合句意，故选C。
【40题详解】
根据上文That’s because many ofo bikes use manual locks. 和下文Ofo has developed electronic locks. 可知空白处应该与共享单车的上锁有关。备选句子If a user doesn’t lock the bike properly after using it, anyone can ride it away.符合句意，故选A。
【点睛】完成短文，要求根据上下文选择合适的句子填空，使句意通顺、前后连贯。重在考查学生对所学语言的综合运用能力和对文段的理解判断能力。本题难度不大，只要把握好上下句的意思和关系，正确作答是不成问题的。
第Ⅱ卷
四、(2018·山东临沂)
听对话, 根据对话内容完成下列句子, 每空词数不限。对话读三遍。听对话前,你们20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。
56. When will Mark go to Qinghai?
He will go there in ___________________.
57. What does Lucy think of Mark’s trip?
She thinks it is _____________________.
58. How is the weather in Qinghai at night?
It’s _______________________.
59. How long will Mark stay in Qinghai?
He will stay there for _______________________________.
60. What will Mark do when he arrives?
He will ______________________________ to Lucy.
五、词形转换
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空, 每空格限填一词。
41. (2018·山东临沂) Children will be in danger in a swimming pool if their parents don’t take good care of ________. (they)
42. (2018·山东临沂) Chinese scientists have successfully cloned (克隆)two _______. They are named Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua. (monkey)
43. (2018·山东临沂) The oceans are __________ polluted by plastic waste. (heavy)
44. (2018·山东临沂) An American father made pretty dresses for his daughter out of his __________ old shirts. (wife)
45. (2018·山东临沂) Every year, about 6.5 million people die because of air ________. (pollute)
46. (2018·山东临沂) Jimmy could not sleep at first. He finally fell _______ when the rainstorm stopped at midnight. (sleep)
47. (2018·山东临沂) It is very ______ for me to have conversations with friends in English every day. My speaking skills have certainly improved. (help)
48. (2018·山东临沂) We should protect the endangered wild animals, or they will _______ in the near future. (appear)
【答案】41. themselves
42. monkeys
43. heavily
44. wife’s 45. pollution
46. asleep 47. helpful
48. disappear
【解析】
【41题详解】
句意：如果他们的父母不好好照顾他们，游泳池里的孩子就会处于危险之中。take good care of sb.对……妥为照料/照顾好某人；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填them。
【42题详解】
句意：中国科学家成功地克隆了两只猴子。他们叫中中和华华。two二，后接复数名词；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填monkeys。
【43题详解】
句意：海洋受到塑料废物的严重污染。pollute污染，动词需用副词修饰；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填heavily。
【44题详解】
句意：一位美国父亲用妻子的旧衬衫为女儿做了漂亮的衣服。shirts衬衫，名词需用形容词等定语修饰；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知用名词所有格，故填wife’s。
【45题详解】
句意：每年大约有650万人死于空气污染。because of由于，后接名词或动名词；air空气，名词用作形容词，后接名词；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填pollution。
【46题详解】
句意：一开始吉米睡不着。半夜里暴风雨停了，他终于睡着了。fall asleep睡着；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填asleep。
【47题详解】
句意：每天和朋友用英语交谈对我很有帮助。我的口语能力有了很大提高。be helpful for sb.有助于……，根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填helpful。
【48题详解】
句意：我们应该保护濒危野生动物，否则它们将在不久的将来消失。or否则，表转折；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知后句是否定意义，故填disappear。
【点睛】根据句意语境及英文提示用单词的正确形式填空，主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。
六、动词应用
根据短文内容, 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
(2018·山东临沂)Campbell Remess is a teenager from Australia. He has been sewing (缝制) teddy bears for sick children for several years.
The story___49___ (begin) in 2013 when Campbell was nine years old. He told his parents that he wanted to give Christmas gifts to children in hospitals. But his parents said no, because with nine children of their own, buying presents for sick children would just cost too much. The little boy didn’t give up, however. He decided___50___(make) their presents by himself.
Campbell made his first teddy bear with his mother’s sewing machine in his bedroom. It was hard for him as he had never done this before. He downloaded (下载) patterns from the Internet and learned how to make a teddy bear by___51___(watch) videos online. It took him five hours to finish his first teddy bear. He can now make a teddy bear in an hour. He has also started a project called “Project 365 by Campbell” in which he___52___(try) to make a teddy bear every day.
Young Campbell uses his pocket money to buy materials for making teddy bears. To make more pocket money, he helps his parents with housework whenever he is free. Sometimes, he also sells his teddy bears online___53___(raise) money for sick children. Many people ___54___ (encourage) by Campbell’s story and they give away free materials to him.
Campbell___55___ (give) away about 1,300 teddy bears so far. He is now busy making this year’s teddy bears. He said that he had never thought of stopping and he would keep putting smiles on people’s faces.
【答案】49. began
50. to make
51. watching
52. tries 53. to raise
54. are encouraged
55. has given
【解析】
短文大意：本文讲述了澳洲少年坎贝尔缝制泰迪熊玩偶做公益而引起全世界关注的故事。坎贝尔启动了一个名为“坎贝尔365计划”的项目，通过网售自己缝制的泰迪熊为生病的孩子筹集资金，人们被他的故事所鼓舞，纷纷赠送免费的材料给他提供支持。
【49题详解】
句意：故事开始于2013，当时坎贝尔九岁。本句缺谓语动词，in 2013过去的时间用于一般过去时，根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填begun。
【50题详解】
句意：他决定自己做礼物。decide to do决定做某事，固定短语；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填to make。
【51题详解】
句意：他从网上下载模式，学习如何通过在线观看视频制作泰迪熊。by通过，表方式，后接动名词；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填watching。
【52题详解】
句意：他还启动了一个名为“坎贝尔365计划”的项目，他每天尝试制作一只泰迪熊。本句是定语从句，every day每天，用于一般现在时。从句缺谓语动词，he是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填tries。
【53题详解】
句意：有时，他也在网上卖他的泰迪熊，为生病的孩子筹集资金。本句不定式to raise作目的状语；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填to raise。
【54题详解】
句意：许多人被坎贝尔的故事所鼓舞，他们赠送免费的材料给他。people复数名词，是动词encourage的受动者，需用被动语态，即are+过去分词结构；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填are encouraged。
【55题详解】
句意：迄今为止，坎贝尔已经赠送了大约1300只泰迪熊。so far迄今为止，用于现在完成时。Campbell是单数第三人称，需用has+过去分词构成完成时结构；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填has given。
七、阅读表达
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
(2018·山东临沂)Have you ever counted the number of digits (数字) in your mobile phone number? Your number has 11 digits. You may sometimes find it hard to remember your number. That’s because China has the longest mobile phone numbers in the world. Why is that?
The 11 digits can be divided into three parts. Each part has a different meaning. The first three numbers tell you which mobile phone service provider (提供者) you are using For example, 135 is for China Mobile Communications Corporation and 188 is for China Unicom. The fourth to the seventh digits tell you where the number is registered (注册). And the last four digits are random (随机的).
The main reason for using 11 digits is that we have the largest population in the world. We once had 10 numbers. But as our population grew, there were not enough numbers for us to use. So we began to use 11 digits starting from 1999. Eleven digits can be used to make tens of billions of mobile phone numbers. That’s enough for each person to have seven or eight phone numbers to use in China.
And mobile phone numbers can be recycled. Usually, the service provider will reuse a canceled number after three to six months. If you call a number that you haven’t contacted (联系) for a long time, you may find that its owner has changed.
Besides China, Britain and Japan also use 11-digit mobile phone numbers. But their numbers always start with 0. So they cannot create as many numbers as we can. Countries like the United States, Australia and India use phone numbers with 10 digits. Canada’s mobile phone numbers are perhaps the shortest in the world: they use seven digits.
56. Is China the only country that uses 11-digit mobile phone numbers in the world?
________________________________________________________________
57. What can we know from the fourth to the seventh digits of a mobile phone number in China?
________________________________________________________________
58. Why does China use 11 digits for mobile phone numbers?
________________________________________________________________
59. When can a mobile phone number be recycled in China?
________________________________________________________________
60. Which country perhaps has the shortest mobile phone numbers in the world?
________________________________________________________________
【答案】56. No, it isn’t. / No.
57. We can know where the number is registered.
58. Because China has/we have the largest population in the world.
59. After three to six months.
60. Canada.
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：本文介绍了我们国家的手机号码为什么是11位及一些国家的手机号码的位数。
【56题详解】
题意：中国是世界上唯一使用11位数手机号码的国家吗？考查细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Besides China, Britain and Japan also use 11-digit mobile phone numbers.，可知答案是否定的，故填No, it isn’t. / No.。
【57题详解】
题意：我们能从中国手机号码的第四到第七位数知道什么？考查细节理解题。根据第二段中The fourth to the seventh digits tell you where the number is registered，可知到手机号码的第四位到第七位告诉我们在哪里注册的，故填We can know where the number is registered.。
【58题详解】
题意：中国为什么使用11位数的手机号码？考查细节理解题。根据第三段第一句The fourth to the seventh digits tell you where the number is registered，可知是因为人口众多，故填Because China has/we have the largest population in the world.。
【59题详解】
题意：在中国，手机号码何时能被回收？考查细节理解题。根据第四段第二句Usually, the service provider will reuse a canceled number after three to six months.可知，手机不使用三到六个月后被取消，故填After three to six months.。
【60题详解】
题意：哪个国家的手机号码可能是世界上最短的？考查细节理解题。根据最后一句Canada’s mobile phone numbers are perhaps the shortest in the world: they use seven digits.，可知是加拿大，故填Canada。
【点睛】阅读短文回答问题，即根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断，组织语言回答问题。首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实和重要情节，包括事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这对题目的判断至关重要，需要考生综合所有的细节来理解把握。
61. 书面表达(计
(2018·山东临沂)亲爱的同学,在你三年的初中生活中, 总会与有些同学成为朋友。请以 “My Best Friend and I” 为题, 根据以下要求与提示, 用英语写一篇短文。
要求:
1. 如果你最好的朋友是女生,请用名字Mary; 如果是男生, 请用Jeff。短文中不得出现任何真实人名、校名及其它相关信息,否则不予评分。
2. 不少于60词。
提示:
I. Who is your best friend?
2. How long have you been friends? And how did you become friends?
3. How are you the same as and different from your best friend? And what do you like about him / her?
My Best Friend and I
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My Best Friend and I
We are graduating from school soon. I miss so many good friends, especially my best friends Jeff. We’ve been friends for three years. Three years ago, I was a new student in our class. I felt very lonely. My English was very poor. Jeff often helped me learn English. With his help, I made much progress in English. So we became friends. Though we are both tall and thin, we are different. Jeff is more outgoing than me and he is good at playing soccer. But I’m quieter than him. I’m good at playing basketball. We often help each other. He is very kind and friendly. So we get on well with each other.
I hope he will have a bright future and that our friendship will last forever.
【解析】
【详解】亮点说明：这篇习作的层次清晰，内容饱满，表达流畅。文中使用了非常好的短语，例如so many good friends，graduate from school，feel very lonely，help sb. do sth.，in English，tall and thin，be good at，each other，get on well with，last forever等。而Though we are both tall and thin, we are different./ I hope he will have a bright future and that our friendship will last forever.等多种从句结构的运用，丰富了习作内容，使表达多样，是本文的最大亮点。
【点睛】书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是可任意发挥的作文。它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。所以，考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。
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