2019年四川省成都市中考英语试题
A卷
第一部分 听力
一、听句子，根据所听到的内容选择正确答语。每小题念两遍。
1. A. The same to you. B. I’m happy. C. That’s good.
2. A. Yes, I am. B. Yes, it is. C. Yes, he is.
3. A. Well done! B. So easy! C. See you there!
4. A. Yes, please. B. Tea, please. C. Thank you.
5. A. Good luck. B. Good idea. C. Good news.
二、听句子，选择题与所听句子内容相符的图片。每小题念两遍。（共5小题；每小题1分，计5分）
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| A | B | C | D | E |
6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______ 10. _______
三、听对话，根据对话内容及问题选择题正确答案。每小题念两遍。
11. A. She rode a horse. B. She fed some chickens. C. She milked a cow.
12. A. Tianfu Square. B. Chengdu Museum. C. Chengdu Research Base.
13. A. At 8:20. B. At 8:30. C. At 8:40.
14. A. Buy a gift. B. Make a meal. C. Go to a supermarket.
15. A. Brother and sister. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student.
16. A. Meaningless. B. Unfair. C. Helpful.
17. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
18. A. Doing some washing. B. Doing his homework. C. Doing some reading.
19. A. At home. B. On the street. C. At Animal Helpers.
20. A. ¥35. B. ¥170. C. ¥240.
四、听短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。短文念两遍。
21. When did parents in the US take their kids to the workplace this year?
A. On April 4. B. On April 18. C. On April 25.
22. Why do people make the day Thursday?
A. Because parents are not so busy as usual that day.
B. Because Thursday is a special work day for parents.
C. Because kids can share their experiences at school on Friday.
23. Why do people in the US have such a day?
A. Because parents want their kids to learn more about their work.
B. Because parents have no time to look after their kids at home.
C. Because the kids can find fun things from their parents’ work.
24. What may kids do on Take Our Daughters and Sons to Work Day?
A. Ask questions about the work.
B. Check that everyone is working.
C. Work together with their parents.
25. What do parents and kids think of the day?
A. Funny. B. Interesting. C. Busy.
五、听短文，根据短文内容完成图表中所缺信息。短文念三遍。
| WeChat 26 | |
| dos | ☆When adding WeChat friends, 27 yourself and explain how you know them. |
| don’ts | ☆Don’t send long voice messages because it’s hard to follow and remember. |
| ☆Don’t share your friends’ contact info (联系方式) with someone 28 to them before they agree. | |
| ☆Don’t add your friend to the group chat without asking for 29 permission, because they may not 30 the new one. | |
| ☆Don’t use all big letters because it’s impolite. | |
| Conclusion: The key to keeping good manners online is to be thoughtful. | |
第二部分 基础知识运用
六、选择填空
A. 从以下各题的A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案。
1.—Sally’s favorite ______ is orange.
—I see. That’s why all her sweaters are orange.
A. fruit B. color C. juice
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——莎莉最喜欢的颜色是橙色。——我明白了。这就是她所有的毛衣都是橙色的原因。考查名词辨析。A. 水果；B. 颜色；C. 果汁。根据回答That’s why all her sweaters are orange.可知前句说的是最喜欢的颜色，故选B。
2.—Is that Tom over there?
—It ____ be him. He is on the plane to Chengdu now.
A. can’t B. might not C. must
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——在那边的是汤姆吗?——不可能是他。他现在正在飞往成都的飞机上。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能，表推测；might可能，也表推测，但might not表示“可能不”；must一定，表肯定推测。根据下文He is on the plane to Chengdu now.可知can’t符合语境，故选A。
3.—Uncle Lee, may I use your bike?
—Sorry, mine is broken. You can ask your aunt for ______.
A. mine B. his C. hers
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——李叔叔，我可以用你的自行车吗?——对不起,我的坏了。你可以向你姑妈要她的。考查代词辨析。A. 我的（名词性物主代词）；B. 他的（名词性物主代词）；C. 她的（名词性物主代词）。aunt姑妈/姨妈，根据ask your aunt可知选C。
4.—Could you please tell me _____?
—Sure. On Friday afternoon.
A. where the book sale is B. when the book sale is C. what the book sale is about
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能告诉图书展销会是什么时候吗?——当然。周五下午。考查宾语从句。where在哪里，问地点；when什么时候，问时间；what什么，问事情。根据回答On Friday afternoon.可知问的是时间，故选B。
5.Smart phones ______ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.
A. made B. making C. to make
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：华为生产的智能手机在全球越来越受欢迎。本题的题干是简单句，分析句子成分并结合选项可知，空格处应用非谓语动词。A. made过去分词、过去式 B. making现在分词 C. to make 动词不定式。make与主语是被动关系，需用过去分词形式；选A。
6.Be quiet! The students ______ an English exam.
A. take B. are taking C. will take
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：安静!学生们正在参加英语考试。考查动词时态辨析。根据提醒语Be quiet!可知考试正在进行，需用现在进行时“be doing”结构，故选B。
7.Unluckily, Notre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) ______ this April. We felt so sad for that.
A. was burnt B. is burnt C. has been burnt
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：不幸的是，今年四月巴黎圣母院被烧毁。我们为此感到很难过。考查动词时态辨析。A. was burnt 一般过去时的被动语态。 B. is burnt一般现在时的被动语态。 C. has been burnt现在完成时的被动语态。this April今年四月，用于一般过去时，巴黎圣母院被烧毁，用被动语态；故选A。
8.Compared with newspapers or TV, the Internet offers people ______ information.
A. much B. more C. most
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：与报纸或电视相比，互联网为人们提供了更多的信息。考查比较级辨析。Compared with和……相比，用于比较；根据句意语境，可知需用比较级；much是原级，most是最高级，均排除。more更多的，much的比较级，故选B。
9.—The boy _______ lost is crying there.
—How do you know he gets lost?
A. whose B. who C. who’s
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——那个迷路的男孩在那里哭。——你怎么知道他迷路了?考查定语从句。whose关系代词，先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语。who关系代词，先行词是人，在从句中做主语或宾语。本题先行词boy是人，并且从句部分缺少主语和谓语，且空格后无名词。所以选用关系代词who, be lost迷路。排除A,B。C. who’s=who is. 故选C。
10.—You are not supposed to enter the teachers’ office ______.
—Thanks, mom. I got it.
A. unless you are allowed to
B. if you want to ask questions
C. when you are asked to come in
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——除非被允许，否则你不能进入老师的办公室。——谢谢你,妈妈。我明白了。考查条件状语从句。A. 除非你被允许；unless除非，表条件，相当于if …not。B. 如果你想问问题；if如果，表条件。C. 当你被要求进来的时候；when当的时候，表时间。本句是条件状语从句，根据上文You are not supposed to enter the teachers’ office可知if不合句意，故选A。
B. 补全对话 根据对话内容，从右边方框中选出适当的选项补全对话
Holly: Hey, Luke. ___11___
Luke: Pretty good. You know I moved into a new house.
Holly: Really? ___12___
Luke: A week ago.
Holly: Where’s your new house?
Luke: ___13___
Holly: That’s a good place. ___14___
Luke: Yes. It’s expensive but nice. All my family like it.
Holly: Congratulations! I guess you’ll have a house-warming party, right?
Luke: Of course. ___15___ Will you come then?
Holly: Cool. I can’t wait to see your new house.
| A. When was it?
B. It’s on Red Tree Street. C How’s it going with you? D. It’s next Monday, the 17th. E. Did you spend a lot of money? |
【答案】11. C 12. A
13. B 14. E
15. D
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：在对话中，霍莉问卢克的近况，得知卢克搬进了新房子，认为卢克会有一个乔迁派对；卢克回答是是下星期一（17号），并邀请霍莉参加，霍莉高兴地接受了邀请。
【11题详解】
根据卢克的回答Pretty good.可知对方问的是最近的境况，备选句子How’s it going with you?符合句意，故选C。
【12题详解】
根据卢克的回答A week ago.可知对方问的是时间；A week ago用于一般过去时，备选句子When was it?符合句意，故选A。
【13题详解】
根据霍莉的问话Where’s your new house?可知需回答地点，备选句子It’s on Red Tree Street.符合句意，故选B。
【14题详解】
根据卢克的回答Yes. It’s expensive but nice.可知对方问他是不是花了好多钱；很多的a lot of，备选句子Did you spend a lot of money?符合句意，故选E。
【15题详解】
根据下文Will you come then?（那时你会来吗）可知上文说了一个日期，备选句子It’s next Monday, the 17th.符合句意，故选D。
【点睛】补全对话，要求根据句意结构和上下文提示，选择合适的句子填空，使句意通顺，对话连贯。主要考查句意结构和单词形式，包括各种单词形式、动词的时态语态、非谓语动词等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握文意和语境，在正确理解的基础上选出正确的句子。
七、完形填空 阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。
A
As a police artist, Joe Brown draws pictures of suspects (嫌疑犯) when people tell him about the ___16___ of each suspect. Then, the police put the pictures in newspapers and on television to help ___17___ the suspects.
His job is interesting but not ___18___, because different people describe the same person differently and sometimes many people don’t have good ___19___, especially the old. “The suspect is of medium height and young. He has long straight brown hair and big eye,” an old woman says. Another woman says, “He’s tall and thin with blonde hair. He’s about thirty years old.” In the end, the real ___20___ is a short heavy man and he has short brown hair.
16. A. act B. personality C. appearance
17. A. remember B. find C. describe
18. A. easy B. exciting C. useful
19. A. expressions B. methods C. memories
20. A. artist B. criminal C. policeman
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：本文通过不同的人，特别是老年人对嫌疑犯的不同描述，说明了警察艺术家对嫌犯做的画像在帮助寻找嫌疑人中具有重要作用。
【16题详解】
句意：当人们告诉他每个嫌疑犯的外貌时，乔•布朗会画出嫌疑犯的画像。考查名词辨析。A. 行为；B. 个性；C. 外貌。根据下文Then, the police put the pictures in newspapers and on television可知乔•布朗会画像，appearance符合句意，故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：然后，警察把照片放在报纸和电视上，帮助寻找嫌疑人。考查动词辨析。A. 记得；B. 寻找；C. 描述。help帮助；本句不定式表目的，根据句意语境，可知把照片放在报纸和电视上的目的是帮助寻找嫌疑人，故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：他的工作很有趣，但并不容易。考查形容词辨析。A. 容易的；B. 令人兴奋的；C. 有用的。but表转折，根据下文的原因because different people describe the same person differently and sometimes many people don’t have good memories, especially the old.可知他的工作并不容易，故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：有时很多人没有很好的记忆力，尤其是老年人。考查名词辨析。A. 表达；B. 方法；C. 记忆力。根据下文两人不同的描述，结合最后the real criminal is a short heavy man and he has short brown hair.可知，她们的记忆力不好，故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：最终，真正的罪犯是一个矮胖的男人，他有一头棕色的短发。考查名词辨析。A. 艺术家；B. 罪犯；C. 男警察。上文是对嫌疑犯的不同描述，根据句意语境，可知AC两项不合句意，故选B。
【点睛】完形填空。完形填空集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体，考查语言的综合运用能力，是难度最大的题目。解题的方法要带着空，通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景；再读全文，搞清短文内容；最后根据句意，联系上下文确定每个空的正确答案。它的主要题型有（1）考查词义辨析：名词辨析，形容词副词辨析，冠词辨析，介词连词辨析等；（2）考查句子时态，语态，要根据语境，选择正确的时态和语态的选项；（3）考查从句（宾语从句，定语从句，主语从句等）；（4）根据固定句型或短语结合语境选择正确的选项。本题主要考查单词或短语辨析，做此类型题时，要知道每一个词的意义，然后结合上下文背景语境，选择适合语境的选项。
B
One day in class, the teacher held up an apple. She stood on the platform (讲台) and said, “Please ___21___ it in the air, and…”
One student ___22___ his hand and said, “I can smell it. It is the smell of an apple.”
The teacher stepped ___23___ the platform, passed by each of the students and said, “Smell ___24___ to see if the smell of the apple is still in the air.”
Half of the students put up their hands to show that they could smell it. The teacher returned to the ___25___ of the classroom and asked again who else could smell the apple. The rest raised their hands except one boy. The teacher came to the boy and asked, “You really can’t smell the apple?”
The boy answered, “No, I can’t smell it. I don’t think it’s a ___26___ apple.”
The teacher ___27___ at the boy and said to the class, “He’s right! It’s not ___28___ to get the apple smell from this apple.”
All of the other students had been tricked. Some may have thought that perhaps the apple didn’t have the apple smell, ___29___ they didn’t dare to speak up. They just ___30___ the first student blindly and went along with him.
21. A. watch B. feel C. smell
22. A. shook B. raised C. showed
23. A. on B. off C. towards
24. A. later B. once C. again
25. A. front B. middle C. back
26. A. real B. tasty C. nice
27. A. laughed B. smiled C. shouted
28. A. surprising B. possible C. common
29. A. and B. so C. but
30. A. followed B. admired C. preferred
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A
【解析】
短文大意：本文通过让学生闻“苹果”的味道，暴露出普遍存在的盲目跟随的问题，说明独立思维和判断的重要性。
【21题详解】
句意：请闻闻它在空气中的味道。考查动词辨析。A. 观看；B. 感受；C. 闻。根据下文学生的话I can smell it. It is the smell of an apple.可知选C。
【22题详解】
句意：一个学生举手说:“我能闻到。这是苹果的味道。”考查动词辨析。A. 摇晃；B. 提升，举起；C. 显示。raise hands举手；根据句意语境，可知学生在举手回答问题，故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：老师走下讲台，从每个学生身边走过考查介词辨析。step on踏上；step off走下；step towards走向。根据下文passed by each of the students可知老师走下来讲台，故选B。
【24题详解】
句意：再闻一闻，看看苹果的味道是否还在。考查副词辨析。A. 稍后；B. 曾经；C. 再次。根据前文She stood on the platform and said, “Please smell it in the air, and…”可知这里是老师要求再闻一次，故选C。
【25题详解】
句意：老师回到教室前面。考查介词辨析。A. 在的……前面；B. 在的……中间；C. 在的……后面。return to返回，根据前文The teacher stepped off the platform, passed by each of the students可知老师刚才在教室的前面，故选A。
【26题详解】
句意：我认为这不是一个真正的苹果。考查形容词辨析。A. 真的；B. 可口的/好吃的；C. 好的。根据下文老师的话He’s right! It’s not possible to get the apple smell from this apple.可知这不是一个真正的苹果，故选A。
【27题详解】
句意：老师微笑着对男孩说:“他说得对!”考查动词辨析。A. 嘲笑；B. 微笑；C. 喊。根据老师的肯定He’s right!可知AC不合句意，故选B。
【28题详解】
句意：你不可能从这个苹果身上闻到苹果的味道。考查形容词辨析。A. 令人惊讶的；B. 可能的；C.普通的。根据下文All of the other students had been tricked.，结合上面老师对那个说出真话的男孩的肯定He’s right，可知AC两项意思不合句意，故选B。
【29题详解】
句意：有些人可能认为苹果没有苹果味，但他们不敢说出来。考查连词辨析。and和，表并列；so所以，表结果；but但是，表转折。本句前后是转折关系，需用but连接；根据句意结构和语境，可知选C。
【30题详解】
句意：他们只是盲目地跟着第一个学生，跟着他走。考查动词辨析。A. 跟随；B. 钦佩；C. 较喜欢。blindly盲目地；根据下文and went along with him.可知是盲目跟随，故选A。
第三部分 阅读理解
八、阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂“A” ，错误的涂“B”。
| Dear Dr. Green,
My relationship with my mother is worse and worse now. It seems she’s never tired of talking. She talks here and there, day and night. More seriously, I feel like we don’t have much in common. She doesn’t always understand what I’m trying to say. What should I do? Yours, Jim |
Dear Jim,
I know how you feel. It’s not easy being your age. And it’s not easy being a mother, either. It’s common for kids to have trouble talking with parents, and talkative mothers are not new to teenagers. But remember, she’s nagging (唠叨) you because she just wants what’s best for you. Talking is her way to show love and care. And she also wants to know more about you. After a day’s work, she’s tired, too. But she will never be tired of caring about you. Kids should learn to understand and care about parents. In my opinion, it’s helpful to share school life with her. Then, you talk and she listens. Doing some housework together with her is another good way for you two to know each other better. And if possible, often tell her your feelings about the things around you. Always keep in mind: be polite and patient. Yours, Dr. Green |
31. Jim wrote to Dr. Green because he had trouble getting on with his friends.
32. In Jim’s eyes, his mother doesn’t always understand what he’s trying to say.
33. Dr. Green thinks it’s common for kids to have trouble talking with their parents.
34. In Dr. Green’s opinion, talking is a way for mothers to relax after a day’s work.
35. Dr. Green explains three reasons for mom’s nagging and offers three suggestions.
【答案】31. B 32. A
33. A 34. B
35. A
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：本文是两封信，一封是吉姆写给格林博士的，反映了和妈妈的关系越来越糟的烦恼；另一封是格林博士的回复，解释了妈妈爱唠叨的三个原因，并提出了三条建议。
【31题详解】
题意：吉姆给格林博士写信，因为他和朋友们相处不好。考查细节判断。根据My relationship with my mother is worse and worse now.可知他和妈妈的关系现在越来越糟，说法错误，故选B。
【32题详解】
题意：在吉姆的眼中,他的母亲并不总是明白他想说什么。考查细节判断。根据吉姆的描述She doesn’t always understand what I’m trying to say.可知说法正确，故选A。
【33题详解】
题意：格林博士认为，孩子和父母说话有困难是很常见的。考查细节判断。根据It’s common for kids to have trouble talking with parents,可知说法正确，故选A。
【34题详解】
题意：在格林博士看来，对于母亲们来说，在一天的工作之后，交谈是她们放松的一种方式。考查细节判断。根据But remember, she’s nagging you because she just wants what’s best for you. Talking is her way to show love and care.可知说话是母亲表达爱和关心的方式，说法错误，故选B。
【35题详解】
题意：格林博士解释了妈妈唠叨的三个原因，并提出了三条建议。考查细节判断。根据But remember, she’s nagging you because she just wants what’s best for you. Talking is her way to show love and care. And she also wants to know more about you.可知妈妈唠叨的原因有三个（想要对你最好的；表达爱和关心；想更多地了解你）；根据it’s helpful to share school life with her. Then, you talk and she listens. Doing some housework together with her is another good way for you two to know each other better. And if possible, often tell her your feelings about the things around you.可知格林博士给出了三点建议（与她分享学校生活；和她一起做家务；告诉她你对周围事物的感受），因此说法正确，故选A。
【点睛】阅读判断题，即根据文章表层意思进行深层次的推理判断。首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这对题目的判断至关重要，需要考生综合所有的细节来理解把握。
九、阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。
A
Travel around England
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Places to visit in London
☆The Thames
It turns through London, dividing the city into two parts. It’s interesting to take a trip on the river. This way, you can see almost every place of interest of London.
☆Big Ben
May 31, 2019 is the 160th birthday of the largest four-face clock in the world-Big Ben. It isn’t the name of the tower itself but the 13-ton bell inside it. Every hour, it “bongs” the number of hours to tell the time.
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Places to visit in Liverpool
☆Music: “The Beatles Story”
If you love The Beatles — the world-famous 1960s music group, come here!
Open every day except Dec 25 and 26
Adult: £16.00
Under-16s and student: £12.00
Child under six: Free
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☆Sport: “Liverpool FC”
Do you love football? Visit Anfield football center, home to Liverpool’s favorite football team.
Closed on Sat. & Sun.
Adult: £15.00
Under-16s and student: £9.00
Child under six: Free
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☆Museum: “Liverpool Museum”
You can learn all about the history and culture of Liverpool here. It was set up in 1851, and moved to the new building in 2011.
Open daily
Free entry!
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36. What’s the suggested way to visit the most places of interest in one day in London?
A. To go by boat. B. To go by bus. C. To go by subway.
37. What does “FC” mean in “Liverpool FC”?
A. Fried Chicken. B. Famous Coach. C. Football Club.
38. Which of the following has a history of less than 100 years?
A. Liverpool Museum. B. The Beatles Story. C. Big Ben.
39. David, a music fan, wants to go to his favorite place in Liverpool with his 9-year-old daughter and his baby son. How much should he pay?
A. £0. B. 24. C. £28.
40. Which is TRUE according to the ad?
A. Big Ben “bongs” once at 9 a.m. every day.
B. Liverpool Museum shows the development of the city.
C. We can visit two of the three places in Liverpool any day.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：本文是周游英格兰的旅游广告，主要介绍了伦敦和利物浦的旅游景点的广告信息。
【36题详解】
题意：在伦敦一天内游览最有趣的地方的建议的方法是什么？考查细节理解。A. 坐船去；B.乘公共汽车去；C. 乘地铁去。根据对泰晤士河的介绍It’s interesting to take a trip on the river. This way, you can see almost every place of interest of London.可知乘船几乎可以看到伦敦的每一个名胜古迹，故选A。
【37题详解】
题意：“FC”在“Liverpool FC”中是什么意思?考查词义理解。A. 炸鸡。B. 著名的教练。C. 足球俱乐部。根据Visit Anfield football center, home to Liverpool’s favorite football team.可知FC是football center（足球中心/足球俱乐部）的缩写，Football Club符合句意，故选C。
【38题详解】
题意：下列哪一项的历史少于100年?考查细节判断。A.利物浦博物馆；根据It was set up in 1851,可知它的历史超过百年（168年）。 B. 披头士的故事；根据If you love The Beatles — the world-famous 1960s music group, come here!可知它的历史不过百年（近60年）。C. 大本钟；根据May 31, 2019 is the 160th birthday of the largest four-face clock in the world-Big Ben.可知它的历史超过百年（160年）。综合以上分析，故选B。
【39题详解】
题意：大卫是一位音乐迷，他想带着9岁的女儿和年幼的儿子去利物浦他最喜欢的地方。他应该付多少钱?考查细节计算。根据☆Music: “The Beatles Story”/Adult: £16.00/Under-16s and student: £12.00/Child under six: Free可知，16+12+0=28，故选C。
【40题详解】
题意：根据广告，哪个是正确的?考查细节理解。A. 大本钟每天早上9点“砰砰”响一次；根据Every hour, it “bongs” the number of hours to tell the time.可知说法错误。B. 利物浦博物馆展示了城市的发展；根据You can learn all about the history and culture of Liverpool here.可知说法正确。C. 我们可以在任何一天参观利物浦的三个地方中的两个；根据☆Music: “The Beatles Story”–Open every day except Dec 25 and 26和☆Sport: “Liverpool FC”– Closed on Sat. & Sun.可知这两个地方并非每天开放，说法错误。综合以上分析，故选B。
【点睛】阅读理解是最能体现学生英语能力的题型，分值较高，如何通过解题方法的掌握来提升自己解答阅读理解题的技巧是学生最关心的问题。初中阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力，主旨理解能力和推理判断能力。做阅读理解题，首先要准确理解题意，然后根据题意根据短文内容做出正确的答案。（1）考查细节理解能力，此类型题较简单，准确理解题意后，直接到文中找出答案。（2）考查猜词能力。做这种题型时，要根据上下文意思准确猜出词意。3）考查推理判断能力，此类题型较难，准确理解题意后，在文中找出相关的内容做出合理的推断。（4）考查主旨理解题。此类题型需通读全文，整体把握，根据文本主要内容选择合适的选项。
B
| A
If we laid all of the blood vessels (血管) in the human body end to end, they would reach about 100,000km long. That’s nearly two and a half times around Earth! |
B
|
C
If your throat tickles (发痒), pressing your ear might make it go away. That’s because your throat and ears share the same group of nerves (神经). When you press your ear, the nerves in your throat can feel it. |
For the first time, Coca-Cola has showed that it uses 3,000,000 tons of plastic bottles each year. That’s the weight of 15,000 blue whales-the largest animal on Earth.| D
It takes about 7 to 8 trees to make enough O2 for one person to breathe for a year. Each person needs around 750kg of O2 per year. A large tree might make around 100kg of O2 per year.
|
E
To young children, a year might seem to last forever. But older people might say that it flies by. Why is that? According to the US scientists, young people’s brains deal with information faster than older people. They take in more information and do more things in a day. So they feel like each day lasts longer. However, older people’s brains take in less information and see a day pass more quickly.
|
F
About 200 muscles (肌肉) work together when you take a step. That’s a lot of work for your muscles, since many people take about 10,000 steps a day. If you want to get some easy exercise, walking is good for you.
|
41. Match passages A~F with the two topics: ①People & Surroundings; ②The Human Body. Which of the following is right?
A. ①-AB; ②-CDEF B. ①-BDF; ②-ACE C. ①-BD; ②-ACEF
42. What’s the best title for all he six passages?
A. Surprising World B. Amazing Facts C. Unbelievable Figures
43. Why does the editor present readers the six passages?
A. To help readers know more about human body and environmental protection.
B. To ask readers to protect the environment and take more exercise.
C. To tell readers to have less unhealthy drink and plant more trees.
44. Which of the following questions is answered in the passages
A. Why do kids and older people feel a year differently?
B. Why could a large tree produce about 100kg of O2 per year?
C. How do our 200 muscles work together when we take a step?
45. Which of the following leads to the figure “30,000” ?
A. The amount of muscles working together by taking 150 steps.
B. The length of vessels in 3 human. bodies joining together.
C. The weight of O2 for 40 persons to breathe a year.
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. A 45. C
【解析】
短文大意：短文以庞大的数字揭示了一些令人惊愕的事实，以帮助人们更多地了解人体和环境保护。
【41题详解】
题意：将段落A~F与两个主题匹配：①人与环境；②人体。以下哪一项是正确的？考查主旨归纳。根据A:If we laid all of the blood vessels in the human body end to end; C:If your throat tickles, pressing your ear might make it go away; E: According to the US scientists, young people’s brains deal with information faster than older people. 和F: About 200 muscles work together when you take a step.可知the blood vessels（血管）/ throat（喉咙）/ear（耳朵）/brains（大脑）和muscles（肌肉）都是人体器官，与主题②The Human Body相符；根据B: For the first time, Coca-Cola has showed that it uses 3,000,000 tons of plastic bottles each year. 和D: It takes about 7 to 8 trees to make enough O2 for one person to breathe for a year.可知两个段落介绍的是人们所处的外部环境，符合①People & Surroundings主题。综合以上分析，故选C。
【42题详解】
题意：所有六个段落最好标题是什么?考查标题归纳。A. 奇怪的世界；B. 惊人的事实；C. 难以置信的数字。根据六个段落的内容可知，每个庞大的数字都与一个惊人的事实相联系，例如A段If we laid all of the blood vessels in the human body end to end, they would reach about 100,000km long. That’s nearly two and a half times around Earth!意思是：人体所有的血管首尾相连的长度几乎是地球的2.5倍，虽然让人惊愕但却是事实；Amazing Facts符合文意，故选B。
【43题详解】
题意：为什么编辑要给读者呈现这六段?考查主旨理解。根据各段内容可知，BD是环境主题，ACEF是人体主题，所以作者的目的是让我们更多地了解人体和环境保护，To help readers know more about human body and environmental protection.符合文意，故选A。
【44题详解】
题意：下面哪个问题在文章中得到了回答?考查细节判断。根据E段Why is that? According to the US scientists, young people’s brains deal with information faster than older people.可知回答了小孩子和老年人对一年的感觉不同的原因。而D段A large tree might make around 100kg of O2 per year.和F段About 200 muscles work together when you take a step.只是陈述事实，并没有回答怎样制造氧气和全身肌肉如何协同工作。综合以上分析，故选A。
【45题详解】
题意：下面哪个选项得出“30,000”这个数字?考查细节计算。A. 通过走150步，一起运动的肌肉量。根据About 200 muscles work together when you take a step.可知200×150＝30，000。B. 三个人体中连接在一起的血管的长度。根据If we laid all of the blood vessels in the human body end to end, they would reach about 100,000km long.可知100000×3＝300，000。C. 40人一年呼吸氧气的重量。根据D段Each person needs around 750kg of O2 per year.可知750×40＝30,000。综合以上计算，故选C。
B卷
一、补全单词根据首字母及句意写出完整单词。
46. The trade war between China and the US will have influence on our country, but our government c_________ says that we have the ability to deal with it.
47. Being e__________ by my teachers, I can solve almost all the problems that seemed difficult for me at first.
48. It’s known to all that Taiwan is part of China, and it can never be s________ from our motherland.
49. The manager will be so busy next month, that he has to c__________ a few unimportant meetings.
50. Creativity is great w_________ for us because of its value in our work and life.
【答案】46. confidently / calmly
47. encouraged
48. separated
49. cancel 50. wealth
【解析】
【46题详解】
句意：中美之间贸易战将对我国产生影响，但我国政府自信地表示，我们有能力应对。say说/表述，动词需用副词修饰；根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填confidently / calmly。
【47题详解】
句意：在老师的鼓励下，我几乎可以解决所有刚开始觉得困难的问题。本句I是动词encourage的受动者，需用“be + 过去分词”被动结构；根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填encouraged。
【48题详解】
句意：众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分，它永远不能脱离我们的祖国。“be + 过去分词”表示被动语态结构；be separated from与……分离，根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填separated。
【49题详解】
句意：经理下个月将非常忙，他不得不取消几个无关紧要的会议。have to不得不，后接原形动词；根据The manager will be so busy和首字母提示，可知填cancel。
【50题详解】
句意：创造力对我们来说是巨大的财富，因为它在我们的工作和生活中很有价值。great巨大的，形容词修饰名词；根据because of its value in our work and life和首字母提示，可知填wealth。
【点睛】单词拼写题，要求根据句意语境和首字母提示填空，主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。
二、完成对话在空格中填上适当的单词，使对话完整正确。一空一词（含缩写）。
Dave: Hello, Peter. Have you noticed that some people are not so healthy as before though life has improved a lot.
Peter: Yes, it’s true. Nowadays some people eat more, so they are getting heavier and easy to get sick.
Dave: Eating more than needed is for sure not healthy. But to be ___51___, this eating habit is not completely true for what causes their____52____. Some people eat more but that doesn’t ____53____ what they eat is bad for them.
Peter: I agree. It’s just different. Eating unhealthy food is another problem. It will _____54_____make people healthy to stay away from junk food and try to eat more kinds of food per day.
Dave: Yes, you are right. The food people have should be healthy and ___55___
Peter: I think so. What’s more, to become ___56___ , people should still exercise more. Doing sports daily will make people ___57___ in good condition.
Dave: These days, people have so much ___58___, because they’re quite busy studying and working. Many people go to bed very late, even when they have to go to school or to work early the next morning.
Peter: That’s true. They may find nothing ___59___ in their bodies and feel least uncomfortable at first. But if such _____60_____ lasts long, people will finally get sick.
Dave: Doing sports is a good way to get relaxed. It will do good to people’s health.
【答案】51. exact
52. illness (es) / sickness (es)
53. mean 54. surely / certainly
55. balanced
56. healthier
57. keep / stay /remain
58. pressure / stress
59. unusual
60. situation
【解析】
短文大意：本文是戴夫和彼得关于健康的对话，提出了两点建议：一是饮食应该健康和均衡，二是为了变得更健康，人们应该多锻炼。
【51题详解】
句意：但确切地说，这种饮食习惯并不完全是导致他们生病的原因。系词be后接形容词；to be exact确切地说，根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填exact。
【52题详解】
句意：但确切地说，这种饮食习惯并不完全是导致他们生病的原因。cause引起，后接名词做宾语；根据句意结构和上文Nowadays some people eat more，so they are getting heavier and easy to get sick.提示，可知本句谈的是导致生病的原因，故填illness (es) / sickness (es)。
【53题详解】
句意：有些人吃得更多，但这并不意味着他们吃的东西对他们有害。本句缺谓语动词，doesn’t表否定，后接原形动词；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填mean。
【54题详解】
句意：远离垃圾食品，尝试每天吃更多种类的食物，肯定会使人们健康。make people healthy使人们健康，动词短语需用副词修饰；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填surely / certainly。
【55题详解】
句意：人们所吃的食物应该是健康和均衡的。and表并列，连接两个并列的形容词；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知人们需要健康均衡的饮食，故填balanced。
【56题详解】
句意：更重要的是，为了变得更健康，人们仍然应该多锻炼。根据句意结构和上下文提示，上文谈的是健康饮食，可知这里是说多锻炼能够让人更健康，故填healthier。
【57题详解】
句意：每天做运动将使人们保持良好的状态。make sb. do让某人做某事；keep in good condition保持良好状态；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填keep / stay /remain。
【58题详解】
句意：现在人们有如此多的压力，因为他们学习和工作都很忙。so much如此多的，修饰不可数名词；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填pressure / stress。
【59题详解】
句意：他们可能在自己的身体里没有发现任何不寻常的东西，而且一开始感觉不那么不舒服。空白处做宾语nothing的后置宾语，需用形容词；根据句意结构和下文and feel least uncomfortable at first提示，可知填unusual。
【60题详解】
句意：但是如果这种情况持续很长时间，人们最终会生病。such如此的，形容词修饰名词；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知这里是指前句所说的情况，故填situation。
三、短文填空 从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。
| bad British consider fun hope pleasure power they total understand we win |
Is it true that we British people have a different sense of humor from people in other countries? Let’s have a look at what we laugh at in ___61___.
To us British people, ___62___ and important people often cause laughter. It’s not just politicians (政客) who make us laugh, but anyone whose job is to tell other people what to do and who takes ___63___ too seriously.
We laugh at the power, but also, pitifully, at anyone who is treated ___64___. We know they cannot win, but if they do win sometimes, it’s even ___65___. Our clowns (小丑) are often silly people doing silly things, while in America, they are often clever people doing clever things-and ___66___ at last.
The fact that we laugh when other people might feel ___67___ is one of the strangest things to learn about British humor. We do have a strong sense of irony (反讽). After some terrible experience, we might say, “Not very ___68___.” And we might say in the middle of a typhoon, “It’s a bit windy today.” Or “There is a tiny problem,” when something has gone ___69___ wrong. We don’t like to express strong feelings, but just “keep calm and carry on”.
Another things that can make it difficult ___70___ British humor is that we don’t always laugh or even smile when we say something funny. We often keep a straight face or use an unsmiling expression when we’re making a joke.
Do you think the British sense of humor is special?
【答案】61. Britain
62. powerful
63. themselves
64. badly 65. funnier
66. winning
67. hopeless
68. pleasant
69. totally
70. to understand
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：本文介绍了英国人不同于其他国家的幽默感。先介绍了英国人都在笑什么，后面具体介绍了让人难以理解的英国人的幽默感的两种情况：一是别人感到绝望时英国人却大笑；二是当说一些有趣的事情时并不总是笑，甚至是微笑，而是经常板着脸或者表情严肃。
【61题详解】
句意：让我们来看看我们在英国笑什么。根据上文we British people have a different sense of humor和所给单词提示，可知这里是说“在英国”，故填Britain。
【62题详解】
句意：对我们英国人来说，有权有势和重要的人常常引起笑声。and表并列，连接两个并列的形容词；根据下文It’s not just politicians who make us laugh和所给单词提示，可知politicians（政客）是有权力的人，故填powerful。
【63题详解】
句意：让我们发笑的不只是政客，还有那些工作就是告诉别人该做什么的人，以及那些把自己看得太严肃的人。本句是定语从句，先行词who指人，动词take需接宾格代词或反身代词做宾语；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填themselves。
【64题详解】
句意：我们嘲笑权力，但也可怜地嘲笑任何受到不公正对待的人。treat对待，动词需用副词修饰；根据下文英美人对待小丑的不同和所给单词提示，可知填badly。
【65题详解】
句意：我们知道他们不可能赢,但如果他们赢了,有时甚至更有趣。even甚至，修饰比较级；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填funnier。
【66题详解】
句意：而在美国，他们通常是做傻事的聪明人——最后赢得了胜利。and连接并列结构，前后动词结构需一致；根据上文doing clever things和所给单词提示，可知填winning。
【67题详解】
句意：当别人感到绝望时，我们却大笑的事实，是了解英国幽默最奇怪的事情之一。feel是表感觉系动词，后接形容词；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填hopeless。
【68题详解】
句意：在经历了一些可怕的经历之后，我们可能会说，“不太愉快”。very非常，副词修饰形容词；not表否定，根据After some terrible experience和所给单词提示，可知填pleasant。
【69题详解】
句意：或者说“有一个小问题，”当事情完全出错时。wrong错误的，形容词需用副词修饰；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填totally。
【70题详解】
句意：另一个让人很难理解英国幽默的地方是，当我们说一些有趣的话时，我们不总是笑，甚至不总是微笑。本句是固定句型“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式”结构，it是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填to understand。
【点睛】选词填空，要求根据句意语境和所给单词提示选择合适的单词填空，主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。
四、阅读表达
A. 补全短文 根据短文内容，从短文后的A~F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。
Global warming is a big problem that we have to stop. One of the best things we do is to plant more trees. Trees can take in CO2 in the air and stop global warming. ___71___
A team of scientists at Boston University has been working with NASA to study Earth’s green vegetation (植被). They used a special NASA camera and found that global leaf area had increased by 5 percent since the early 2000s. ___72___ That’s about one-quarter of the size of the entire Amazon rainforest.
The growth mainly came from China’s forest protection programs, NASA said. For example, since 1962, China has been planting trees in Saihanba, Hebei Province. It was once a desert. _____73_____ Ant Forest, a feature in Alipay app, gives users points for doing eco-friendly things such as walking and going paperless in the office. Users can then use these points to water and grow their own virtual (虚拟的) trees. When the virtual trees are big enough, Ant Forest will plant real trees somewhere in the world. ___74___
| A. More than 55 million trees have been planted in this way.
B. The Chinese public has also joined in these activities recently. C. And China was responsible for 25% of that gain, according to the study. D. However, people there can produce vegetables without any difficulty now. E. But now, China has turned the area into the country’s largest man-made forest. F. According to a news report, China is doing a great job of “greening” the world. |
【答案】71. F 72. C
73. E 74. A
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了中国政府为阻止全球变暖一直在努力植树造林，并以蚂蚁森林为例说明了中国公众在植树造林发明所做的努力。
【71题详解】
根据短文内容，可知本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍的是中国为阻止全球变暖一直在努力植树造林，备选句子According to a news report, China is doing a great job of “greening” the world.符合句意，故选F。
【72题详解】
根据上文A team of scientists at Boston University has been working with NASA to study Earth’s green vegetation.，可知And China was responsible for 25% of that gain, according to the study.介绍研究结果，符合文意，故选C。
【73题详解】
once曾经，根据上文It was once a desert.它曾经是一片沙漠，可知下文讲现在的情况，备选句子But now, China has turned the area into the country’s largest man-made forest.符合句意，故选E。
【74题详解】
根据上文Users can then use these points to water and grow their own virtual trees. When the virtual trees are big enough, Ant Forest will plant real trees somewhere in the world. 蚂蚁森林用户先用点数浇水种植自己的虚拟树，当虚拟树足够大时，蚂蚁森林就会在世界的某个地方种植真正的树；可知真正的树木数量应该在不断增长，备选句子More than 55 million trees have been planted in this way.符合句意，故选A。
【点睛】补全短文，要求根据句意结构和上下文提示，选择合适的句子填空，使句意通顺，文意连贯。主要考查句意结构和单词形式，包括各种单词形式、动词的时态语态、非谓语动词等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握文意和语境，在正确理解的基础上选出正确的句子。
B. 完成图表 根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。
In 30 years from now, what will we eat? Will the food still be the same as it is now?
The United Nations says that there will be over 9 billion people in the world by 2050. Our food needs will grow by 70%. What we eat now may not be enough for humans in the future. That is to say, we’ll have to turn to something else. But what else can we eat? Here are a few possible choices.
Veggie (Vegetable) meat
A new kind of hamburger is now popular in the US. It looks the same as any other hamburger, and so is the taste. But it’s actually a “beef” burger made out of plants. The company behind the burger, Impossible Foods, uses peas and potatoes to make the “beef”. They take coloring, protein (蛋白质) and fats from these plants and mix them together.
Making meat out of plants uses less water and land than raising animals for meat. It also creates fewer green house gases. Some food companies are making chicken, pork and other meat out of plants, too-follow the same steps as making the “beef”.
Insects
Insects take up little space and don’t make much waste. They also have more protein than beef, chicken and pork. This makes insects another possible food of the future.
It’s common for people in some places to eat whole insects. But most people probably won’t want to see the insects they eat. So in the future, people will first turn insects used for food into powder (粉末). Then they can use the powder to make other foods like chips, protein bars, biscuits and so on.
Algae
The BBC says algae farming could become the world’s biggest farming industry in the future. They point out that algae is cheap and grows very quickly. Also, it’s very nutritious (有营养的). It has much more protein and oil than many other plants.
Besides eating algae as a dish on its own, people may also use algae oil and algae butter in the future. Some algae has a strong taste. The UK scientists are trying to use algae to take the place of salt.
| Reason:
Traditional food may not ___75___ of people in the future because of the rising population. |
Result predictions:
☆Humans will have enough food. ☆Future food is good for both ___76___. |
| Veggie meat | Insects | Algae | |
| Advantages | ☆has the same looks and tastes as any other ___77___
☆uses less water and land than raising animals ☆creates fewer green house gases |
☆take up little space
☆make less waste ☆have more protein
|
☆cheap and grows quickly
☆rich in protein and oil for humans ☆used to get oil from and make butter ☆possible to take the place of salt because of its ___78___
|
| Producing processes | 1st: take coloring, protein and fats from plants
2nd: mix coloring, protein and fats together |
1st: turn insects used for food into powder-to avoid making people feel ___79___ and ___80___ when eating
2nd: use the powder to make other foods |
【答案】75. satisfy / meet the needs
76. environment and health
77. meat 78. strong taste
79. sick / terrible
80. scared / frightened
【解析】
短文大意：本文是一篇科普文，对30年后人们的食物进行了描述，主要有蔬菜肉、昆虫和藻类，简单易做，不仅绿色环保而且营养健康，能够保证人类将有足够的食物。
【75题详解】
题意：由于人口的增长，传统食品可能无法满足人们的需求。考查句意理解。本句缺谓语动词，情态动词may后接原形动词，not表否定；根据What we eat now may not be enough for humans in the future.可知be enough相当于satisfy(满足要求、需要等)，故填satisfy / meet the needs。
【76题详解】
题意：未来的食物对环境和健康都有好处。考查细节推断。be good for有益于；根据It also creates fewer green house gases.可知利于环保；根据Also, it’s very nutritious (有营养的). It has much more protein and oil than many other plants.可知利于健康；both…and……两者都，故填environment and health。
【77题详解】
题意：和其他肉类一样的外表和味道。考查细节理解。any other任何其他的，后接单数名词或不可数名词；根据It looks the same as any other hamburger, and so is the taste. But it’s actually a “beef” burger made out of plants.和Some food companies are making chicken, pork and other meat out of plants, too-follow the same steps as making the “beef”.可知，这是一种新型的蔬菜肉（Veggie (Vegetable) meat），故填meat。
【78题详解】
题意：因为它的味道很重，所以有可能代替盐。考查句意理解。根据Some algae has a strong taste. The UK scientists are trying to use algae to take the place of salt.可知填strong taste。
【79题详解】
题意：把食物中的昆虫变成粉末——以避免人们吃东西时感到恶心和害怕。考查细节判断。根据But most people probably won’t want to see the insects they eat.结合生活经验，可知食用整只昆虫会让人恶心或害怕，故填sick / terrible。
【80题详解】
题意：把食物中的昆虫变成粉末——以避免人们吃东西时感到恶心和害怕。考查细节判断。and表并列，连接两个并列的形容词；根据But most people probably won’t want to see the insects they eat.结合生活经验，可知食用整只昆虫会让人恶心或害怕，故填scared / frightened。
五、书面表达
81.假如你叫Ann，你的中国朋友小华发来email请教如何利用词典学习英语。请参考截图及注释，根据提示回一封email。要点如下：
1. 根据示例，概括介绍词条构成；
2. 如何用词典解决词汇学习中的问题（至少两点）；
3. 介绍词典对英语学习的好处（至少两点）。
( taken from an English- Chinese dictionary )
注意：l. 截图内容仅供参考，可以引用，不能照抄；
2. 文中不能出现真实学校和姓名；
3. 词数：100左右。
【答案】Dear Xiaohua,
Glad to receive your letter. You asked me how to use a dictionary to learn English. Here are some of my thoughts.
Words in a dictionary are called entries. Each entry has five sections, such as pronunciation, part of speech, definition, usage and word group. Of course, sometimes the same word has different parts of speech and definitions.
Using dictionaries can solve problems in vocabulary learning. When we meet a new word, with the help of a dictionary, we can not only find out its pronunciation, but also know its meaning. A dictionary is of great benefit to English learning. First of all, it can help us understand the meaning of words accurately. Secondly, it can enrich our knowledge and exercise our thinking. Finally, it can help us learn to express our ideas.
I hope it’s helpful to you.
Yours
Ann
【解析】
【详解】这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少，如how to use a dictionary, such as, to learn English, part of speech, word family, of course, different parts of, with the help of a dictionary, not only…but also, find out, first of all, help sb. do, learn to do等。而You asked me how to use a dictionary to learn English./ When we meet a new word, with the help of a dictionary, we can not only find out its pronunciation, but also know its meaning./ I hope it’s helpful to you等复杂从句结构的运用，丰富了短文内容，使表达多样化，是本文的亮点。在学习中注意总结牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章表达更有逻辑性，也更富有条理。
【点睛】书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是可任意发挥的作文。它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。所以，考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。
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