2019年广州市初中毕业生学业考试
英语
一、语法选择
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
The first astronauts
Since the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the planets. Today people use modern machines ___1___at the sky. This is very different from the situation___2___years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of___3___the universe.
When did humans first go into space? The story began not so very long ago, ___4___the first astronauts were not people-they were animals.
Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as ___5___ as possible for humans. So they decided to experiment with animals and test___6___ in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals___7___first went into space. Many of them ___8___, but they helped to make space travel safer for humans. For their great service, we___9___forget these animals.
Albert Ⅱ was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died ____10____ his spaceship landed back on Earth.
____11____ the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he return to earth____12____very good health.
Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: could ____13____ animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth? The answer came when Ham ____14____ into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for ____15____ 16 years
1. A. look B. to look C. looking D. looked
2. A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of
3. A. explore B. to explore C. explored D. exploring
4. A. as B. or C. but D. so
5. A. safe B. safer C. safest D. the safest
6. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
7. A. whom B. what C. that D. whose
8. A. die B. died C. have died D. will die
9. A. shouldn’t B. may not C. don’t have to D. needn’t
10. A. if B. because C. after D. since
11. A. Luck B. Lucky C. Luckier D. Luckily
12. A. at B. on C. in D. for
13. A. a B. an C. the D. /
14. A. send B. sent C. is sent D. was sent
15. A. another B. other C. others D. the others
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
人类对太空研究始于几千年前，那时科学还很落后，人们只能用肉眼观察天空。现在人类有了现代化的技术，他们对太空有了更多的了解。那么人类第一次进入太空是什么时候呢？其实在人类进入太空之前，科学家们先用很多动物进行了实验，保证人类太空旅行的安全。
【1题详解】
句意：现在人们使用现代的机器来看天空。look看，动词原形；to look动词不定式；looking动名词形式；looked是过去式或过去分词形式。根据句意可知，空后表示use modern machines的目的，“为了看天空”，故应用动词不定式，选B。
【2题详解】
句意：这与几千年前的情况不同，那时人们只能用眼观察天空。thousand千，数量单位；thousands复数形式；thousand of形式错误；thousands of成千上万的，固定短语。根据句意和空后的years可知，这个空修饰后面的名词，故应选D。
【3题详解】
句意：也许他们梦想着探索宇宙。explore 探索，动词原形；to explore动词不定式；explored过去式或过去分词；exploring动名词。句中使用了短语dream of，意为“梦想…”，后跟名词或者动名词形式。故应选D。
【4题详解】
句意：这个故事发生在不久前，因为第一批宇航员不是人—它们是动物。as因为；作为；当…时候；or 或者；否则；but但是；so因此，所以。根据句意可知，空后这句话解释前面The story began not very long ago，故用as引导原因状语从句，选A。
【5题详解】
句意：科学家们想要使人们的太空旅行尽可能地安全。safe安全的，形容词；safer更安全的，形容词比较级；safest最安全的，形容词最高级；the safest最高级。句中使用了短语as…as possible，“尽可能…”，两个as之间用形容词的原级，故选A。
【6题详解】
句意：所以他们决定用动物做实验，并在太空飞行中对它们进行测试。they他们，它们，人称代词主格形式；them他们，它们，人称代词宾格形式；their他们的，它们的形容词性物主代词；theirs名词性物主代词。根据句子结构可知，空前test是动词，该空是它的宾语，故应用宾格形式，选B。
【7题详解】
句意：昆虫、老鼠、青蛙、狗和猴子是最早进入太空的一些动物。whom 关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语；what什么；不能引导定语从句；that关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词可以为人，也可以为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose…的，引导定语从句，在从句中作定语。根据句子结构可知，空后是一个定语从句，修饰先行词some of the animals，且从句中缺少主语，故应选C。
【8题详解】
句意：很多动物都死了，但是它们帮助使太空旅行对人类更安全。die死，动词原形；died过去式；have died现在完成时；will die一般将来时。根据文意可知，从第二段开始，作者讲述了科学家们过去对太空的探索，以一般过去时态来叙述，故这里应用过去式，选B。
【9题详解】
句意：因为它们的伟大贡献，我们不应该忘记这些动物。shouldn’t不应该；may not可能不；don’t have to不必，没有必要；needn’t不需要。根据句意For their great service可知，这里应表示“不应该忘记”，故选A。
【10题详解】
句意：不幸的是，在他的宇宙飞船返回地球后，他死了。if如果，是否；because因为；after在…之后；since自从。根据句意可知，这里应表示“在回到地球之后”，用after引导时间状语从句，故选C。
【11题详解】
句意：幸运的是，对于猴子Ham来说，结果是不同的。Luck运气，名词；Lucky幸运的，形容词；Luckier更幸运的，形容词比较级；Luckily幸运地，副词。根据句意和句子结构可知，该空修饰的是整个句子的内容，应用副词形式，故选D。
【12题详解】
句意：当他健康地返回地球时，他的故事在愉快中结束了。at在具体时刻或小地点；on在…上面，关于；in在…里面；for为了，因为。这里考查固定短语in…health处在…样的健康状况，表示状态，故应选C。
【13题详解】
句意：科学家们想知道一个重要问题的答案：像Ham这样的动物在太空中能做和在地球上一样的事情吗？a和an 是不定冠词，修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指一直；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，修饰名词表示特指。根据句意可知，这里表示“像…一样的一个…”，表示泛指，空后animal的读音中，第一个音素是/æ/，元音音素，故应选B。
【14题详解】
句意：当Ham在1961年被送入太空时这个问题有了答案。send送，寄；sent是过去式；is sent一般现在时的被动语态；was sent一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意可知，该句的主语Ham与动词构成被动关系，应使用被动语态，故先排除A和B；再根据句中的时间in 1961可知，时间是过去的，应用一般过去时，故应选D。
【15题详解】
句意：答案是肯定的，他每件事都做得很好，而且在那里又活了16年。another再，又；另一个；other其他的，形容词，修饰名词；others其他人或物，代词；the others其余全部人或物。根据句意和空后的16 years可知，这里表示“又活了16年”，故应选A。
二、完形填空
John suddenly jumped off the swing without even slowing down. He called out nervously, “Mom, where’s Charlie? “He had just ___16___he hadn’t seen his new puppy for over an hour.
John looked around the garden, behind the bushes, and under the picnic table. No dog! His mother heard ___17___in his voice as he called her a second time. ” Mom, I can’t find Charlie!”
She came outside ___18___. “Let’s look around the garden first. Don’t worry. I’m sure he’s close by.
Both son and mother were ___19___now, but still no Charlie. Their calls were not completely wasted, though. Joe, the next-door neighbor, and his two daughters Tania and Julie, immediately agreed to help them ___20___the lost dog.
But even with five people now searching the town’s streets, they had no luck. Charlie was still___21___
Tania suggested they make posters with Charlie’s ___22___She had done this when her own cat was lost a year earlier, she told John, and the cat was found the next day.
John agreed. When they got home, he made a poster with a photo of Charlie, Then John heard a___23___ and opened his bedroom door. It was Charlie. John was greeted with a big wet kiss Charlie had been___24___ in the bedroom this whole time, sleeping. John had never been so ___25___in his life!
16. A. decided B. forgotten C. understood D. realized
17. A. anger B. hope C. fear D. warning
18. A. actively B. quickly C. carelessly D. annoyingly
19. A. shouting B. talking C. fighting D. thinking
20. A. give up B. look for C. run after D. take care of
21. A. missing B. asleep C. take D. quiet
22. A. address B. character C. name D. picture
23. A. mess B. noise C. voice D. song
24. A. shut B. woke C. tied D. saved
25. A. afraid B. silly C. happy D. proud
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C
【解析】
【分析】
John新养了一只小狗叫Charlie，这一天Charlie突然不见了，John和妈妈怎么喊它都没有回应。他们的呼喊引来了他们的邻居Joe和他的两个女儿，他们帮助John一起找，但是还是没有找到。他们决定张贴海报寻找Charlie，就在John去房间拿Charlie的照片时，他在卧室里找到了Charlie，John真的很开心。
【16题详解】
句意：他刚刚意识到他有一个多小时没有见到他新养的小狗了。考查动词辨析。decided决定；forgotten忘记；understood理解；realized意识到。根据句意he hadn’t seen his new puppy for over an hour可知，“他没有看到小狗”这件事是John突然意识到的，故应选D。
【17题详解】
句意：当他第二次叫她的时候，他的妈妈从他的声音中听到了恐惧。考查名词辨析。anger生气；hope希望；fear恐惧，害怕；warning警告。根据文意” Mom, I can’t find Charlie!”可知，John找不到他的小狗了，因此他心里应该感到害怕，故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：她马上出来了。考查副词辨析。actively积极地；quickly快速地；carelessly粗心地；annoyingly令人恼火地，烦人地。根据上文No dog! His mother heard ___2___in his voice as he called her a second time. ” Mom, I can’t find Charlie!”可知，妈妈听到了John的声音里带着恐惧，他害怕小狗找不到了，所以妈妈应该“赶紧”出来，故应选A。
【19题详解】
句意：儿子和母亲两个人现在都在大喊，但是还是找不到Charlie。考查动词辨析。shouting大喊；talking谈话；fighting打架；thinking思考，认为。根据文意可知，John的小狗找不到了，所以他们应该大声呼喊，让小狗听见。下句话下文Their calls were not completely wasted, though.也提到了Their calls“他们的呼喊”，故应选A。
【20题详解】
句意：不过他们的叫喊并没有完全被浪费，隔壁邻居Joe和他的两个女儿Tania和Julie马上来帮助他们寻找丢失的小狗。考查动词短语辨析。give up 放弃；look for寻找；run after追逐；take care of照顾。根据下文But even with five people now searching the town’s streets可知，John的妈妈以及邻居Joe和他的两个女儿都来帮助John找小狗。故应选B。
21题详解】
句意：Charlie仍然不知所踪。考查形容词辨析。missing失踪的，不见的；asleep睡着的；take拿走；quiet安静的。根据上文But even with five people now searching the town’s streets, they had no luck可知，五个人去大街上找小狗，但是他们没有好运气，即他们没有找到小狗。这里应表示Charlie仍然是失踪的，故应选A。
【22题详解】
句意：Tania建议他们用Charlie的照片制作海报。考查名词辨析。address地址；character性格，特点；name名字；picture照片。根据下文John agreed. When they got home, he made a poster with a photo of Charlie可知，他们想用Charlie的照片做海报。故应选D。
【23题详解】
句意：然后John听到了一个声音，他打开了他的卧室门。考查名词辨析。mess混乱，乱七八糟；noise噪音，响声；voice声音，指人的声音；song歌声。根据空前John heard…可知A不对，D不符合情景。根据下文It was Charlie可知，声音是John的小狗Charlie制造出来的，故C不对，应选B。
【24题详解】
句意：Charlie在这个时间里一直被关在卧室里睡觉。考查动词辨析。shut关闭；woke醒；tied 系，捆，扎；saved拯救。根据上文When they got home, he made a poster with a photo of Charlie, Then John heard a___8___ and opened his bedroom door. It was Charlie.和句意 Charlie had been___9___ in the bedroom this whole time, sleeping可知，Charlie被关在了卧室里面，故应选A。
【25题详解】
句意：John的生活中没有来这么开心过。考查形容词辨析。afraid害怕的；silly傻的，愚蠢的；happy开心的；proud骄傲的。根据文意可知，John最后找到了他的小狗，因此他应该是感到很开心的。故应选C。
【点睛】这篇短文给我们讲述了John如何找到他的小狗的，文章是一篇记叙文，叙事清晰，脉络清楚，短文按照事情发展的顺序记叙，内容也贴近学生们的日常生活，因此比较容易理解。题型是完形填空，考查学生们在具体语境中运用语言的能力，综合性较强。做题时，应先通读短文，了解文章大意；然后根据上下文语境做题，先易后难，注意空前后的固定搭配，并仔细辨析选项中单词的意思和用法；最后将答案代入原文，再读一遍，检查答案是否正确。例如第3小题，考查副词辨析。actively积极地；quickly快速地；carelessly粗心地；annoyingly令人恼火地，烦人地。根据上文No dog! His mother heard ___2___in his voice as he called her a second time. ” Mom, I can’t find Charlie!”可知，妈妈听到了John的声音里带着恐惧，他害怕小狗找不到了，所以妈妈应该“赶紧”出来，故应选A。再如第7小题，考查名词辨析。address地址；character性格，特点；name名字；picture照片。根据下文John agreed. When they got home, he made a poster with a photo of Charlie可知，他们想用Charlie的照片做海报。故应选D。
三、阅读
第一节 阅读理解
A
An elephant and a crocodile were once standing beside river. They were disputing which was the better animal.
“Look at my strength,” said the elephant. “I can pull up a tree, roots and all with my trunk”
“Ah! But your skin is not nearly so thick as mine,” replied the crocodile. “No knife or tooth can cut through it.”
Just as they were coming to blows, a lion happened to pass.
“My dear friends !” said the King of all animals, going up to them. “Let me know the cause of your disagreement.”
“Will you kindly tell us which is the better animal?” cried both at once.
“Certainly”,said the lion, pointing across the river. “Do you see the soldiers’ metal hat on that wall?”
“Yes!” replied the beasts.
“Well, then,” continued the lion, “ go and get it, and bring it to me, and I shall be able then to decide between you.”
Upon hearing this, off they started. The crocodile, being used to the water, reached the opposite side of the river first, and was soon standing beside the wall.
Here he waited till the elephant came up. The elephant, seeing that the crocodile had no way of reaching their goal, raised his long trunk, and took down the hat quite easily.
They then made their way together back again across the river. The elephant was trying to keep up with the fast-moving crocodile in the water and became careless. When he was forced to turn sharply to avoid a floating tree branch, the elephant dropped the hat and it fell to the river bottom. The crocodile noticed the accident, so down he dived, and brought it up in his huge mouth. They then returned, and the crocodile laid the metal hat at the lion’s feet. The King took it up, and turning to the elephant, said:
“You, because of your size and trunk, were able to reach the hat on the wall but, having lost it, you were unable to get it back. And you,” said the lion to the crocodile, “although unable to reach the hat, were able to dive for it and save it. You are both wise and able in your own ways. One is no better than the other.”
26. The underlined word “disputing” in Paragraph 1 means____.
A. playing
B. quarrelling
C. complaining
D. deciding
27. What did the crocodile think was the best about himself?
A. His big mouth
B. His strong skin
C. His swimming skill
D. His dangerous teeth
28. How did the lion deal with the animals’ disagreement?
A. He ordered them to fight.
B. He made a quick decision.
C. He suggested a competition
D. He asked them to describe themselves
29. What caused the elephant to drop the hat?
A. The hat got wet in the river.
B. He hit a floating tree
C. He was trying to swim too fast
D. He wanted to fight the crocodile
30. How were the elephant and the crocodile able to complete their task?
A. By working together
B. planning carefully
C. By sharing their ideas
D. By listening to the lion
【答案】26. B 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. A
【解析】
一头大象和一只鳄鱼在争论谁更厉害，他们互不相让。一头狮子经过，他们想让狮子来决定。于是狮子给他们布置了一个任务，让他们去完成。结果他们都不能单独完成这个任务，他们各自有自己的智慧和能力，不存在谁比谁更好的问题。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文意和这个单词所在的句子which was the better animal.“哪一个是更好的动物”，因此disputing应该是“争论”的意思。playing玩；quarrelling争吵，争论；complaining抱怨；deciding决定。故应选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第三段“Ah! But your skin is not nearly so thick as mine,” replied the crocodile. “No knife or tooth can cut through it.”可知，鳄鱼说他的皮肤比大象的更厚，刀和牙齿都刺不穿。由此可知应选B。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第七段“Certainly”, said the lion, pointing across the river. “Do you see the soldiers metal hat on that wall?”和第九段 “Well, then,” continued the lion, “ go and get it, and bring it to me, and I shall be able then to decide between you.”可知，狮子让他们去把墙上的帽子拿来，然后决定谁是更好的动物。即狮子让他们展开一场比赛，由此可知应选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第十二段中The elephant was trying to keep up with the fast-moving crocodile in the water and became careless. When he was forced to turn sharply to avoid a floating tree branch, the elephant dropped the hat and it fell to the river bottom可知，大象努力追赶在水里游得很快的鳄鱼，于是变得粗心了，当他被迫急转身躲避一个漂浮的树干时，他把帽子掉了。由此可知应选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据短文最后两段的内容可知，大象个头大，有长鼻子，能够得着墙上的帽子，但弄丢了帽子；鳄鱼够不着帽子，但帽子掉到水里时，他能找回来。因此他们是合作完成这个任务的。故应选A。
B
They say that “travel is the best teacher” and there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel writer and geographer Xu Xiake (1587-1641). His book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake, not only encouraged a love of travelling among Chinese people but provided important scientific information about the country’s land and geography.
Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interested in books about different places at an early age and wanted to travel. When he was 18, however, Xu’s father died and so, it seemed impossible for his travelling dreams. He now was responsible for the family farm and taking care of his 60-year-old mother as tradition required.
But his mother had different ideas. Understanding her son’s love of travel and valuing the knowledge he could get from such experiences, this modern-thinking woman refused to keep her son at home. She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every year, when there was less farm work.
So at the age of twenty and with his mother’s support, Xu set off for the first time, leaving behind not only his mother but his new wife as well. He would repeat this goodbye each year for most of the next 30 years. During this time, he travelled throughout the Ming kingdom, carefully studying the lands he passed through and recording his experiences and many discoveries in a diary. This diary, which once had over 500,000 words, would eventually become The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake.
Although rich, Xu avoided comfortable travel, preferring to go almost everywhere on foot. This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world. Many of his trips were to hard-to-reach mountain areas, and through wild forests where few people lived. His willingness to face hardships came at a cost, however. Progress was slow and tiring and he was frequently sick, robbed and beaten during his journeys
Sadly Xu became seriously ill during his last and longest journey, a 4-year trip through the Southwest of China. He died in 1641, soon after returning to his hometown for the last time. When his diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world.
31. What is the passage mainly about______.
A. The general details of Xu Xiake’s life story
B. The difficulties Xu Xiake faced in his travels
C. The important discoveries made by Xu Xiake
D. The influence of Xu’s book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake
32. Which of the following best describes Xu’s mother?
A. Strict but interesting
B. Kind but uneducated
C. Helpful and hardworking
D. Supportive and open-minded
33. Why did Xu prefer walking during his travels?
A. It gave him the chance to meet different kinds of people.
B. It helped him to save money and travel for a longer time.
C. It allowed him to see and study the environment in detail.
D. It was the only way to reach the places he was interested in.
34. What is true about Xu’s book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake?
A. It was only made public after Xu died.
B. It made Xu very famous during his lifetime.
C. It was the first travel book ever written in China.
D. It was mainly about the different people of China.
35. What is the correct order for the following events from Xu’s life?
a. He went on his first journey.
b. His book was finally printed.
c. He returned to his hometown for the last time.
d. He developed an interest in books about other places.
e. He started managing the family farm after his father died.
A. a-e-d-c-b
B. d-e-a-c-b
C. d-e-a-b-c
D. e-d-a-b-c
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
这篇短文给我们介绍了明朝著名的旅行作家、地理学家徐霞客的故事。徐霞客生于一个富有的家庭，但父亲早亡，幸亏他的母亲非常的开明，徐霞客才有机会游遍祖国大好河山，并最终写成了《徐霞客游记》。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据短文第一段中there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel writer and geographer Xu Xiake以及文意可知，这篇短文给我们介绍了地理学家徐霞客的生平，故A选项“徐霞客生平故事”符合文意，选A。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第二段Understanding her son’s love of travel and valuing the knowledge he could get from such experiences, this modern-thinking woman refused to keep her son at home. She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every year, when there was less farm work.可知，徐霞客的母亲支持他外出旅行，是一个开明的母亲。故应选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第五段Although rich, Xu avoided comfortable travel, preferring to go almost everywhere on foot. This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world.可知，徐霞客经常步行去每个地方，这样他能详细地研究环境，真实地了解自然世界。由此可知应选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文最后一段中When his diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world.可知，《徐霞客游记》是在徐霞客去世之后才公之于众的，故A选项正确。B和C在短文中没有提到；根据第一段His book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake, not only encouraged a love of travelling among Chinese people but provided important scientific information about the country’s land and geography可知D不对。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interested in books about different places at an early age and wanted to travel可知d在第一位，排除A和D；根据最后一段He died in 1641, soon after returning to his hometown for the last time. When his diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost.可知c在b前面，故选B。
C
| 6www.youthnews
https://www.youthnews/yourview |
| YOUTH
NEWS News School Life Your View Sport |
| Should Museum Entry Be Free
With International Museum Day coming up, today we are asking readers: Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket? Let us know your view. Comments Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free. While museums need a huge amount of money to operate, let the wealthy pay for it. The idea of a person or child interested in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrong Krista Chen(US)-Age 15 Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate art. Generally people respect things that are difficult or costly to get. Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more. Fred Smith(New Zealand)-Age 14 Museums teach people about their past. This is part of our shared culture that should be available to everyone, rich or poor People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee. Rob Sanchez (Australia)-Age 17 There are no simple answers. Low ticket prices could help museums stay open.But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support. They have a social responsibility too. Amber White (UK)-Age 16 I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public. I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open. Li Mishao(China)-Age 15 |
36. How many readers support the idea of free museums?
A. 2.
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
37. Who suggests museums should regularly hold special events to collect money?
A. Krista Chen.
B. Fred Smith
C. Rob Sanchez
D. Li Mishao
38. Why does Fred Smith believe that free tickets should be given to high-achieving students?
A. Students will then study harder.
B. Museums will attract more visitors
C. Museums can make themselves more famous
D. These students can better appreciate museums
39. Which of the following does Amber White agree with?
A. Businesses should offer museums more help
B. People should only pay what they can afford
C. Free entry doesn’t encourage visitors to museums
D. Everybody should have a chance to visit museums
40. What can we know about the website?
A. It’s quite a new website
B. It was started in Australia
C. It’s generally for young readers
D. It mainly discusses scientific topics
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. C
【解析】
这篇短文是某网站发起的一个评论贴，内容为“你认为博物馆应该免费入场吗”，下面有一些人对此发表了自己的看法。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个评论中Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free.可知，Krista认为博物馆应该免费；再根据第三个评论中People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee.可知，Rob也支持博物馆免费；再根据最后一个评论中I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public.可知，李米韶也支持这个观点。因此一共有三个人，选B。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文最后一段最后一句话I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open.可知，李米韶觉得应该举行募捐活动帮助支付博物馆的一些费用。由此可知应选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more可知，Fred认为博物馆应该让一般的参观者付费，但是提供免费的票给那些成绩好、并且能够欣赏博物馆的学生作为奖励。由此可知应选D。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第五段中But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support.可知，Amber认为公司和商人应该给博物馆提供更多的资金和其他的支持。由此可知应选A。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据这个网站最上面的标题YOUTH可知，这个网站主要是针对年轻人的，故C选项正确，意为“它主要是给年轻读者准备的”。
D
While the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some students at White Cloud Primary School. They became the world’s first kids to be taught by an electronic teacher. This electronic teacher is not a human-like robot walking around the classroom Instead, he is a computer-created head that appears, when needed, on students computer or phone screens. His name is Bill.
Created by technology company Smart Machines, Bill is able to show human-like behavior. He is designed to teach a special program about environmental-friendly power created by the sun and wind. This program, started in 2005, used to be taught by human teachers.
Just like human teachers, Bill is able to immediately respond to the students’ questions and opinions about the topic. Thanks to computer cameras, he is also able to see and react to students physical actions. For example, if a student smiles at Bill, he responds by smiling back. This two-way exchange helps get the students’ attention. More importantly, it allows the program developers to improve Bills behavior and knowledge base when needed.
The program has been a great success, according to Smart Machines spokesman Robert Frost Frost says, “What is interesting to me is the children’s reaction to Bill. He really captures their attention.” Frost thinks kids don’t find the experience of being taught by smart machines as strange as older people because they have grown up in a time of computers and smart phones.
It is doubtful, however, that human educators will lose their jobs to Bill any time soon. For one,his talking head’s knowledge base is not large. More importantly, even the smartest computer programs can’t guess and react to all the unexpected situations that educators face daily. Bill’s future might be as a “personal tutor”, providing kids with one-on-one help for different subjects and topics.
41. What is Bill?
A. A human-like robot
B. A kind of computer game
C. A computer recording tool
D. A computer-created talking head
42. How does the two-way exchange help the program developers?
A. It lets them correct students’ mistakes
B. It allows Bill to respond more quickly
C. It helps them know how to improve Bill
D. It helps them study students’ body language
43. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refers to
A. kids
B. older people
C. smart machines
D. program developers
44. What is Bill NOT good at doing?
A. Attracting students’ attention
B. Understanding body language
C. Responding to students’ questions
D. Dealing with unexpected situations
45. How might Bill be used in the future according to the last paragraph?
A. To work as human classroom teachers
B. To encourage students’ interest in computers
C. To give students personal help with different subjects
D. To watch over the behavior of the students in the classroom
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. C
【解析】
这篇短文讲述的是在新的学年里，白云小学的学生将会成为世界上第一批有电子教师授课的孩子。这个电子老师不是机器人，而是一个电脑制作的脑袋，当学生需要时，它就会出现在电脑或手机的屏幕上，他的名字叫Bill。他能回应学生们的肢体动作，和学生交流，很受学生们的欢迎。但他也有缺点。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第一段中Instead, he is a computer-created head that appears, when needed, on students computer or phone screens. His name is Bill可知，Bill是一个由电脑产生，并出现在学生的电脑或手机屏幕的头像。由此可知应选D。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第三段的最后一句话More importantly, it allows the program developers to improve Bills behavior and knowledge base when needed可知，这种双向交流的方式有助于程序开发者去做进一步的改进。故应选C。
【43题详解】
词义猜测题。根据短文第四段Frost thinks kids don’t find the experience of being taught by smart machines as strange as older people because they have grown up in a time of computers and smart phones可知，they指代前面出现kids，孩子们，意为“孩子们是在电脑和智能手机的时代长大的”。故应选A。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第五段More importantly, even the smartest computer programs can’t guess and react to all the unexpected situations that educators face daily.可知，最聪明的电脑程序也不能应对突发状况。由此可知应选D。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文最后一段Bill’s future might be as a “personal tutor”, providing kids with one-on-one help for different subjects and topics.可知，Bill将来可能被用作一个“私人导师”，一对一地帮助孩子们的各个科目。由此可知应选C。
第二节 阅读填空
阅读短文及文后A~E选项,选出可以填入46~50各题空白处的最佳选项。
Smoke alarms(报警器)
House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children.___46___Kids must understand that they’d better not play with fire. You should keep matches and lighters out of their reach.
___47___ The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you’re asleep. You should have a smoke alarm outside each bedroom and on each floor of your home. You ought to have two plans for getting out of your house if there is a fire and practise these plans in the dark with your family.
A smoke alarm warns you of the danger. ___48___Take action immediately. When you come to a closed door, check it with the back of your hand. If it feels hot, there may be smoke or fire behind the door, so take care. Once you are out of your house, call the fire department from a neighbor’s house. If a family member or a pet is caught inside, you shouldn’t go back in. Firemen know how to perform rescues safely.
___49___ Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working. A smoke alarm lasts about ten years. You ought to change it even if it seems to be working.
About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms.___50___
A. Most of these deaths can be avoided
B. But when you hear it, you don t have much time
C. A smoke alarm is only good if it’s working properly
D. So, it’s important to teach them that fire is a tool, not a toy
E. A smoke alarm greatly reduces your chances of being hurt in a fire
【答案】46. D 47. E
48. B 49. C
50. A
【解析】
【分析】
房屋火灾每年都造成很多人死亡，并且很多火灾都是有儿童引起的，因此有必要教给孩子们不要玩火。为了以防万一，家里可以安装烟雾报警器，它能大大减少火灾中受伤的可能性。这篇短文对使用烟雾报警器给了我们一些建议。
【46题详解】
空前这句话House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children.提到“很多火灾都是由孩子们引起的”；空格后Kids must understand that they’d better not play with fire提到“孩子们最好不要玩火”，前后为因果关系，因此这里应起到承接上文，并引出文章主题的作用，故应选D，意为“因此教给他们火是工具，而不是玩具是很重要的”。
【47题详解】
下句话The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you’re asleep提到了烟雾报警器的作用，这个空位于该段的第一句话，应该是对整段内容的概括，故应选E，意为“烟雾报警器大大降低了你在火灾中受伤的可能性”。
【48题详解】
根据空格前A smoke alarm warns you of the danger.可知，烟雾报警器可以警告我们有危险；空格后的这句话Take action immediately.要我们马上采取行动，因此当你听到烟雾报警器响的时候，逃离的时间就不多了，故应选B，与空后形成因果关系。
【49题详解】
根据这一段的内容Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working.可知，这一段中告诉我们要注意更换烟雾报警器的电池，每个月应使用测试按钮，看看报警器和电池是否还在工作。故这一段是想告诉我们烟雾报警器只有在正常工作时才是管用的。故应选C。
【50题详解】
空格前About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms提到，大约有三分之二的火灾死亡事件都是由于没有烟雾报警器，A选项中的these deaths呼应了上句话的内容，故应选A，意为“大多数死亡案例是可以避免的”。
【点睛】这篇短文是一篇科普说明文，讲述了烟雾报警器作用。文章主题明确，结构清晰，比较容易理解。题型是选择适当的句子补充短文，题目中给出了五个句子，要求填到文章中的五个地方，这一题型考查的是学生们的阅读理解能力以及逻辑推理能力。做题时，应先通读短文，了解大意；然后阅读后面的五个句子，弄清楚每句话的意思，然后分析文章上下文的逻辑关系，尤其注意空前后的句子，选择最佳的答案。注意先易后难，容易的题目解决了，剩下的句子少了，解题的难度就降低了。例如第3小题，根据空格前A smoke alarm warns you of the danger.可知，烟雾报警器可以警告我们有危险；空格后的这句话Take action immediately.要我们马上采取行动，因此当你听到烟雾报警器响的时候，逃离的时间就不多了，故应选B，与空后形成因果关系。
四、写作
第一节 单词拼写
根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。要求写出完整单词(每空限填一词)
51. —How o______do you go to the library？
—At least once a week。
52. David studies hard. I am sure he can pass the English e_____.
53. When she first went to university, she felt very I _____because she knew no one there.
54. We can I_____a lot about pandas from different books and TV programs.
55. He likes all kinds of jokes because he has a great sense of h_____.
56. The boy fell behind, so he had to run to c_____up with his father.
【答案】51. often
52. exam 53. lonely
54. learn 55. humor/humour
56. catch
【解析】
【51题详解】
句意：-你多久去一次图书馆？-至少一周一次。根据下面的回答At least once a week可知，这里问的是去图书馆的频率，应用How often，意为“多久一次”，故这里填often。
【52题详解】
句意：David学习很努力，我确信他能通过英语考试。根据句意David studies hard…he can pass…“他能通过…”以及首字母可知，这里表示“通过考试”，故应填exam，是一个名词。
【53题详解】
句意：当她第一次去大学的时候，她感到很孤独，因为在哪里她谁也不认识。根据句意because she knew no one there可知，她“感到孤独”，故应填lonely，形容词，在句中作表语。
【54题详解】
句意：在不同的书和电视节目中，我们可以了解很多关于大熊猫的事情。根据句意a lot about pandas from different books and TV programs可知，这里表示“了解…”，应用动词learn，空前有情态动词can，故这里填动词原形。
【55题详解】
句意：他喜欢各种各样的笑话，因为他很有幽默感。根据句意He likes all kinds of jokes可知，这里应表示“他有幽默感”，humor或者humour两种拼写方式都可以，意为“幽默”。
【56题详解】
句意：这个小男孩落后了，因此他不得不奔跑来追赶上他的爸爸。根据句意The boy fell behind可知，这里应表示“追赶”，考查固定短语catch up with…，空前是had to，“不得不”，故这里填动词原形catch。
【点睛】这个题目是单词拼写，考查单词在具体语境中的使用。做题时，应根据句意和所给单词的首字母，填写适当的单词，并注意使用单词的正确形式。例如第2小题，根据句意David studies hard…he can pass…“他能通过…”以及首字母可知，这里表示“通过考试”，故应填exam，是一个名词。再如第6小题，根据句意The boy fell behind可知，这里应表示“追赶”，考查固定短语catch up with…，空前是had to，“不得不”，故这里填动词原形catch。
第二节完成句子
根据所给的汉语内容,用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词)
57. 他正在考虑是否能参加足球俱乐部。
He is thinking about_____ _____ _____join the football club.
58. 我们还没有决定什么时候探望爷爷奶奶。
We haven’t decided_____ _____ _____our grandparents.
59. 我们离开课室的时候必须关灯。
Lights_____ _____ _____ _____when we leave the classroom.
60. 校长做的讲座多么精彩啊。
_____ _____the head teacher’s talk was!
61. 迈克一放学回家就开始做饭。
Mike started cooking_____ _____ _____he got home from school.
62. 孩子们总是盼望着春节。
Children always_____ _____ _____the Spring Festival。
63. 在图书馆内,我们既不应该吃东西也不应该交谈。
We should_____ _____ _____talk in the library.
【答案】57. (1). whether (2). he (3). can
58. (1). when (2). to (3). visit
59. (1). must (2). be (3). turned (4). off
60. (1). How (2). wonderful
61. (1). as (2). soon (3). as
62. (1). look (2). forward (3). to
63. (1). neither (2). eat (3). nor
【解析】
【57题详解】
根据句意和句子结构可知，这是一个主从复合句，whether意为“是否”，引导宾语从句；从句中主语为he；can“能”，是情态动词。故填.whether he can。
【58题详解】
when什么时候，是一个疑问词，后面跟动词不定式to visit，构成疑问词+动词不定式这一结构，在句中作decided的宾语。故答案为when to visit。
59题详解】
must必须，是一个情态动词；turn off是固定短语，意为“关闭”。根据句意可知，该句的主语Lights与动词turn off构成被动关系，应使用被动语态，故应填must be turned off。
【60题详解】
这是一个感叹句，其构成是How+形容词+主语+谓语动词，wonderful形容词，意为“精彩的”。故填How wonderful。
【61题详解】
根据句意和句子结构可知，这是一个主从复合句，空格上填连词短语as soon as，意为“一…就…”，引导时间状语从句。
【62题详解】
根据句意可知，这里考查的是固定短语look forward to…意为“盼望，期待”，后面跟名词或者动名词形式。根据句中的always可知，这句话用一般现在时，主语Children为复数，故动词用原形。
【63题详解】
neither…nor…是并列的连词短语，意为“既不…也不….，两者都不”，在句中连接了两个并列的动词eat和talk，两个动词都放在情态动词should后，用原形。故答案为neither eat nor。
第三节 书面表达
64.广州某电台英文频道将开设 Welcome to Guang zhou栏目,目前面向全市中学生征集“微 州”英文介绍。请你写一篇英语短文,向栏目投稿。短文需包括下图所有提示内容。
注意:1.词数:80词左右(短文的开头与结尾已给出,不计入词数);
2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息,否则不予评分。
Anyone coming to Guangzhou is sure to have a good time_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Guangzhou is waiting for you.
【答案】Anyone coming to Guangzhou is sure to have a good time. Located in the south of China，Guangzhou, with a history of more than two thousand years, plays a significant role in both economy and culture of China.With moderate as well as comfortable climate, Guangzhou is famous as a flower city for its distinctive food.
I strongly recommend Canton Tower-a badly well-known scenic spot. First of all, Canton Tower is so grand and beautiful especially in the evening that you can’t help being fascinated by it. In addition, when you arrive at the top of Canton Tower, you have such a valuable chance to look down at the full view of Guangzhou. Last but not least, you can take a large number of nice photos in a setting of Canton Tower.
As far as I am concerned, there is no doubt that Guangzhou is good choice for you to visit. I am sure that you will enjoy yourself while making a visit in Guangzhou.
Guangzhou is waiting for you.
【解析】
【详解】这篇作文要求我们用英语介绍广州这座城市。题目中用图示展示了短文中应包括的内容：广州市的位置、历史、特色、气候特点以及广州的一个好去处，并阐述理由。学生们应根据这些提示进行写作，为时内容丰富、充实，应对每个话题进行拓展，详细地对广州进行介绍。短文应使用一般现在时，第一人称和第三人称为主来叙述。写作时应注意：首先短文中应包括题目中要求的所有内容，不要遗漏要点。各个内容应叙述清楚、内容具体。同时注意文章结构，要分清主次，合理安排各个写作内容。其次应注意英语表达习惯和汉语的不同，不要根据汉语思维逐词翻译，应从句子的整体结构出发，可以简单句结构为主，穿插并列句、复合句以及其他复杂句式，提升作文档次。同时注意语句之间使用恰当的连接成分，使文意连贯，表达流畅。
【点睛】这是一篇优秀的作文，短文作者根据题目要求介绍了广州这座城市。短文有以下几个优点：首先短文内容完整，包含来了题目中要求的所有信息，没有遗漏要点。作者从五个方面对广州进行了介绍：第一段中介绍了广州的位置、历史、气候和特色，简单的几句话包含了大量的信息；第二段是主体段，主要给读者推荐了一个好去处，并阐述了自己的理由；第三段和第四段是一个结尾，对自己的介绍进行总结。文章层次清晰，叙述条理。其次短文中使用了正确的时态和人称，语法规范，用词准确。句式结构完整，符合英语的表达习惯，简单句与复合句结合，使文章富有节奏的变化。文章中使用了一些较好的短语和句型，如Located in the south of China，Guangzhou，with a history of more than two thousand years，plays a significant role in both economy and culture of China、I strongly recommend Canton Tower-a badly well-known scenic spot.、Last but not least. you can take a large number of nice photos in a setting of Canton Tower.、As far as I am concerned, there is no doubt that Guangzhou is good choice for you to visit. I am sure that you will enjoy yourself while making a visit in Guangzhou.等等。
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