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考点五十二 短文填空之选词填空
选词填空是指把一篇文章的关键词语挖空，词序打乱，让学生根据短文内容选择正确的词语填空。此类题型主要是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章的基础上，通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词，补全短文。
二、满分技巧
| 短文填词答题技巧口诀
空前空后要注意， 名词单复要牢记。要有’s不能弃。 动词注意要变形， ＂皇帝＂、＂大臣＂要分清。 形、副注意要用三级， 副词用法要谨记。 要用数词请留意， 千万别忘＂基＂和＂序＂。 填入代词需慎重， 五格变化记心中。 |
A
| theatre and about know study
because interest difficulty write play |
William Shakespeare, the great English writer of drama, was born in 1564 in Stratford-on-Avon. We do not know everything 1 Shakespeare’s early life. But we know that he 2 at Grammar School in Stratford, and that he became 3 in the theatre when he was still a boy. In 1586, Shakespeare went to London, where he worked in a theatre for some years before he began 4 his own plays. Shakespeare soon became well 5 in London.
Every play he wrote was very good 6 new to the people of the capital. Queen Elizabeth liked Shakespeare’s 7 . By the end of the 16th century, Shakespeare and his friends had enough money to build their own 8 . Perhaps we may think that Shakespeare hadn’t any 9 in his life. However, some writers were against him 10 their plays were worse than his.
B
| A. friends B. had C. until D. but E. invited F. in
G. mother’s H. beautiful I. because J. put K. on L. and |
We are going to have a party in our house this evening. It is my 1 birthday. And she has 2 my uncle and aunts and some of her 3 . Mother and I are asked to cook most of the food for the party, and father is getting the drinks. The living-room looks very pretty. Balloons of all colors are handing from the lights and we have taken the carpets away 4 we are going to dance there after dinner.
In the dining-room we 5 out the best plates and glasses and tablecloths, and it all looks 6 . We are going to have soup, fish, chicken, fruit and cheese. We are going to dance 7 midnight, and after that, we will have more food, because we will be hungry after all that dancing.
Last year my mother 8 her birthday party in a restaurant, 9 it is cleaner and cheaper at home. When it is my birthday, I am going to invite my friends and have a party in the garden. I will hang pretty lights 10 the trees and we will grill our food in the garden and dance on the grass.
C
| teach interest one he wonder realize
born love for in succeed learn |
Wang Feng is a Chinese rock musician. He was 1 into a musical family in Beijing. 2 by his father, Wang started practicing the violin when he was five years old. Wang often 3 why he should play the violin，or why he had to stay at home practicing while other kids at his age were playing outside. At the age of 14, 4 the first time in his life, Wang 5 the beauty of the music through a piece of music. After that, Wang became 6 in music and decided to create beautiful music of his own.
At the age of 17, Wang began to listen to rock music. In 1994, Wang and his friends formed their own rock band No. 43 Baojia Street. The band made their 7 album(专辑)—No. 43 Baojia Street in 1997. This album included songs like Little Bird and Good Night Beijing.
In 2000, he joined the Warner Music and became a singer of it. Four years later, in 2004, he made the song Flying Higher. It was a big 8 at that time. And it’s still 9 by many people now. In 2005，he made his sixth album Blooming Life.
On the 9th Global Chinese Music Awards, the song In Spring won the Best Lyrics Award. Wang Feng 10 got the award for the Best Producer, and the album Belief Flies in the Wind won the Best Album Award.
A(2019 •四川省自贡市)
将下列单词的适当形式填入空格．每空限填一词，每词只能用一次．
| continue make place careful who
same stop before good something |
A man named Bill once visited a temple that was still being built．He saw a sculptor (雕刻家)(1) a sculpture．As he watched the man work on the sculpture， he noticed that there was a similar sculpture lying nearby．
He felt strange and asked the sculptor， “Why are you creating two (2) sculptures？ Do you need two to put in different (3) ?”
“No．” the man said without looking up， “We need only one， but the first one became damaged(损害)(4) I could finish it， so I’ m working on a new one．”
Bill picked up the damaged sculpture and examined it (5) ． But he couldn’t find (6) wrong with it．
“Where is the damage？” he asked．
“There is a scratch (划痕) on the sculpture’s nose ” the sculptor said while (7) his work．
Bill then asked “Where are you going to place the sculpture？”
The sculptor replied that it would be placed on a platform which is 20 feet in height．” If the sculpture is up that high，(8) is going to notice that there is a scratch on the nose？ ” Bill asked．
The sculptor(9) his work， looking up at the man and said，” I will know it．”
The sculptor chose a high standard of excellence in his work． Even if other people didn’t notice it， it mattered to him that his work should be of the (10) quality(质量)． This is an attitude we should work hard to have．
B(2019 •湖北省孝感市)
阅读短文, 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空, 使短文通顺、连贯。方框中每词限用一次, 有两个词多余。
| across; forever, through; who; share; which; memories; separate |
Good morning, everyone. Standing here, I know it’s time to say goodbye. When I look back to the past three years, many beautiful ___52___ rush to my mind. When I walk by classrooms, it seems that the lessons will never stop. I can’t forget the sunshine coming in ___53___ the windows. I can’t forget the library where I used to go. I can’t forget tidy uniforms and lovely smiles. I’ll remember the important people ___54___ helped and supported me-my teachers and my friends. These moments are so unforgettable that I feel like ___55___ them with you.
Although we have to go our ___56___ways now, I hope we can value the happy time we spent together. My dear school, I love you, ___57___. And I really don’t want to say goodbye.
C(2019 •湖北省随州市)
从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其适当的形式完成短文，每词只能用一次，每空一词。
| century or prevent put from
what try receive long direct |
Stonehenge, a rock circle, is not only one of Britain’s most famous historical places but also one of its greatest mysteries. Every year it___51___more than 750,000 visitors. People like to go to this place especially in June as they want to.see the sun rising on the___52___day of the year.
For many years, historians believed Stonehenge was a temple where ancient leaders___53___tocommunicate with the gods. However, historian Paul Stoker thinks this can’t be true becauseStonehenge was built so many___54___ago. “The leaders arrived in England much later,” he points Out.
Another popular idea is that Stonehenge might be a kind of calendar. The largest stone were ___55___together in a certain way. On midsummer’s morning the sun shines___56___into the center of the stones. Other people believe the stones have a medical purpose. They think the stones can___57___illness and keep people healthy. “As you walk there, you can feel the energy_____58_____your feetmove up your body,” said one visitor. No one is sure_____59_____Stonehenge was used for, but mostagree that the position of the stones must be for a special purpose. Some think it might be a burialplace____60____a place to honor ancestors. Others think it was built to celebrate a victory over anenemy.
(2018年江西中考)D
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。
| know life different back and interesting sign real find they |
The planet Mars is the closest and most similar planet to Earth. It is very ___24___ to scientists. For example, Mars has seasons with___25___ weather, but other planets have the same temperatures all year round. Was there ___26___ on Mars?
To find out, scientists need ___27___ if Mars ever had water. In 2004， two robot explores(探测器), or ‘rovers’, called Spirit and Opportunity were sent to look for ___28___ of water. These rovers can drive over rocks ___29___ all kind of rough ground. They can also use cameras and send photos ___30___ to Earth. First, the two rovers found chemicals and patterns(图文) in the rocks that were probably made by water. Then, they moved to another area and ___31___ other rocks which may have been created by water. Now scientists think there was probably water on the planet long ago. Today ___32___ are still not sure if there was life on the mars. They ___33___ need more information to decide. The discoveries of the two rovers answered some old questions, but they also brought up many new ones.
(2017﹒河南)E
| I so know nervous Jimmy but
happy with answer understand look much |
Nine-year-old Jimmy was given a task in school to write a story on ＂My family’s ancestors(祖先)＂. The purpose was for the kids to 1 their family history.
In search of some 2 for his task. Jimmy interviewed his grandmother who of course 3 nothing about the reason why Jimmy asked such questions.
When she was asked, ＂Granny, where did I come from?＂ his grandma was quite 4 . Why didn’t he ask his parents? She had to be quite careful when talking 5 a kid about such a subject. She wanted to buy some time, 6 she replied,＂ Well, sweetie, the stork(鹳鸟) brought you.＂ She said no 7 , hoping that the subject would be dropped until Jimmy’s parents came back.
＂So , where did Mom come from?＂
＂The stork brought her also.＂
＂Well, then where did you come from?＂
＂ The stork brought 8 too, sweetie＂
＂All right, thanks, Granny.＂
9 grandmother did not think anything more about his questions. Three days later, when she was tidying up and 10 at Jimmy’s desk, she read the first sentence of his paper,＂ For three generations(辈) there have been no natural births in our family＂.
(2017﹒山东威海)F
| A. many B. closed the door C. wrote his name D. careful
E. kind F. by using my eye G. sent the others away H. while I. showing that he was well-educated J. instead of pushing the others aside |
A man once advertised for a person to work in his office, and nearly fifty people applied for the place. From all the applicants(应聘者) , in a short time, he chose a boy and 1 .
＂I would like to know,＂ said a friend, ＂how you came to choose that boy, He had not a single recommendation (推荐信) with him.＂
＂You are mistaken.＂ said the man. ＂He had 2 .＂ ＂He cleaned his shoes before he came in, and 3 after him, showing that he was tidy and orderly.＂
＂He gave up his seat at once to an old man, showing that he was 4 .＂
＂He took off his cap when he came in, and answered my questions politely, 5 ＂
＂He lifted up the book which I had purposely laid on the floor, and put it on the table, 6 all the others stepped over it, or pushed it aside, showing that he was 7 .＂
＂ And he waited quietly for his turn, 8 showing that he had good manners.＂ ＂When I talked with him, I noticed that his clothes were carefully brushed, his hair in nice order, and his teeth as white as milk.＂
＂When he 9 , I noticed that his fingernails were clean, instead of being tipped with pen.＂
＂Don’t you call these things letters of recommendation? I do and what I can tell about a boy, 10 for ten minutes, is worth more than all the well-prepared letters he can bring me.＂
(2017﹒贵州安顺)G
| use find them idea an
have on when real but |
I am fully convinced that you must have heard about Chinese paper-cutting, haven’t you?
Paper-cutting is 1 important art form in China. Paper-cuts were used for many purposes, and everything can become the theme(主题)of paper-cuts, from people to the things that can be 2 in everyday life such as birds, flowers and animals.
Each paper-cut brings out the personal 3 of the writer. People express traditional culture or 4 own feelings with different styles of paper-cuts. For example, 5 someone marries, we put up some red paper-cuts 6 the wall, dressing table or other furniture to express our best wishes.
It is easy to learn paper-cutting 7 very difficult to make it perfect. We need a long-time practice to learn how 8 the scissors(剪刀) and how to paint. Moreover, we 9 need to learn some cutting skills.
From history until now, in many parts of China, paper-cutting skill 10 become necessary for women and a symbol of a clever mind.
A
| thing they from have become call
because someone lucky already use important |
There once lived a young man who thought himself to be poor. One day he went to a wise man to ask how to 1 rich. The wise man said，＂Young man，you are 2 rich now.＂
＂But where is my wealth？＂the young man asked.
＂It is with you. Your eyes are your wealth. You use 3 to see this world. You use them to see all the beautiful 4 in this world. Your hands are your wealth. You can 5 them to work. Your legs are your wealth. You can go to any place…＂the wise man said.
＂You 6 these wealth？But everyone has them.＂the young man said.
＂These are wealth. What you 7 now is not what someone else can 8 have. Are you willing to give your eyes to me？I’m willing to give you a lot of money to exchange for them.＂the wise man said.
＂No，I’m not going to do so！My eyes are 9 to me！＂the young man said.
Everyone is rich. We should value our wealth，and take care of it. We should not overuse it 10 once it is gone，it is gone forever. Remember it is our wealth that we do not want to lose.
B
| good with what change many
understand child try problem clothes |
Young people are often unhappy when they are with their parents. They say that their parents don’t 1 them. They often think their parents are too strict 2 them.
Parents often find it difficult to win their 3 trust, and they seem to forget how they themselves felt when they were young.
For example, young people like to do things without much thinking. It’s one of their ways to show that they grow up and they can solve any difficult 4 . But older people always think 5 than young people. Most of them plan things ahead and don’t like their plans to be 6 , so when you want your parents to let you do something, you will succeed easily if you ask before you really start doing it.
Young people often make their parents angry by the 7 they wear, the music they enjoy and something else. But they don’t mean to cause any trouble. They just want to be cut off(摆脱) from the old people’s world and they are 8 to make a new culture of their own. And if their parents don’t like their music or clothes or their ways of speech, the young people feel very sad. Sometimes instead of going out with their parents, they just want to stay at home alone and do what they like.
If you plan to do something, you’d 9 win your parents over and get them to understand you, if so, your parents will certainly let you do 10 you want to do.
C
| A. attract B. price C. busiest D. easiest E. even |
(上海市玉华中学2018届九年级上学期期中)Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday. The day after it has been known as Black Friday. It is the start of the holiday shopping season, and it has been the 1 shopping day of the year in the US since 2005.
Most stores offer big sales on Black Friday. They open their doors quite early in the morning. They try to 2 shoppers with big discounts(折扣). Some items like TVs and cloths are much cheaper than usual. Stores may 3 lose money on them. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store.
Black Friday is a great time to go shopping. However, there are problems. The biggest one is that there are not enough cheap items. Each store may only have a few. These items are in great need, so people stand in long lines to get them. They may wait three to four hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low 4 on a TV or computer, but not everybody can get one. Some people leave, disappointed.
跟踪训练
A
【文章大意】本文介绍了莎士比亚的生平经历。
1. about 【解析】句意：我们不知道关于莎士比亚早期生活的一切事。everything about sth关于某物的一切，故为介词about。
2. studied 【解析】句意：但是我们知道他在斯特拉特福的语法学校学习。此处叙述莎士比亚的故事，故用一般过去时，根据at Grammar School可知他在学校学习，故为studied。
3. interested 【解析】句意：当他还是一个小孩时，他对戏剧感兴趣。become interested in对……感兴趣，故为interested。
4. to write 【解析】句意：在他开始写自己的剧本之前，他在一家剧院工作了几年。begin to do sth开始做某事，故宾语his own plays可知此处表示写剧本，故为to write。
5. known 【解析】句意：不久莎士比亚在伦敦出名了。作为系动词became的表语，用形容词，well known出名的，故为known。
6. and 【解析】句意：他写的每个剧本对于首都的人们来说是又好又新。此处good和new表示并列，递进关系，故用连词and。
7. plays 【解析】句意：伊丽莎白女王喜欢莎士比亚的剧本。有名词所有格Shakespeare’s修饰，故此处用名词，结合上文，此处表示莎士比亚的剧本，故为plays。
8. theatre 【解析】句意：到了16世纪末，莎士比亚和他的朋友有足够的钱建立他们自己的剧院。作动词build的宾语，应是剧院，故为theatre。
9. difficulty 【解析】句意：可能我们认为莎士比亚在他的一生中没有任何困难。有any修饰，用名词，结合句意，表示有困难，故为difficulty。
10. because 【解析】句意：然而，有些作家反对他，因为他们的剧本比他的糟糕。此处连接两个句子，故用连词because。
B
【文章大意】本文介绍了作者的妈妈的生日晚会的准备情况。
1. G 【解析】结合上句：在我们家里举办party。应该是家人的生日。故答案为G。
2. E 【解析】句意：她已经邀请了叔叔阿姨和她的一些朋友。故选E。
3. A 【解析】句意：她已经邀请了叔叔阿姨和她的一些朋友。故选A。
4. I 【解析】句意：我们撤走地毯是因为晚饭后我们要跳舞。故选I。
5. J 【解析】句意：在餐厅里，我们摆上了最好的盘子、玻璃杯和桌布，都看起来是那么漂亮。故选J。
6. H 【解析】句意：在餐厅里，我们摆上了最好的盘子、玻璃杯和桌布，都看起来是那么漂亮。故选H。
7. C 【解析】句意：我们打算跳舞到午夜。直到…until。故选C。
8. B 【解析】句意：去年妈妈是在饭店过的生日，但是在家里更卫生、更实惠。故选B。
9. D 【解析】句意：去年妈妈是在饭店过的生日，但是在家里更卫生、更实惠。故选D。
10. F 【解析】把灯挂在树上用in，表示树上本身长出的东西用on。故选F。
C
【文章大意】这篇文章主要介绍了汪峰在音乐道路上的成功过程。他出身于音乐世家，5岁时，父亲开始教他拉小提琴。他经常想为什么别的孩子都出去玩，而他却要在家里练习小提琴。有一天，通过一段音乐，他发现了音乐的美，于是决定自己创作歌曲。17岁他开始听摇滚乐；1994年，和朋友一起组建了一个摇滚乐队，并出了他们自己的第一张专辑；2000年他加入了华纳音乐集团，在第九届全球华语音乐奖上，汪峰获得了最佳创作奖。
1. born 【解析】句意：他出身于北京一个音乐世家。根据a musical family in Beijing.可知他是＂出身于＂北京的一个音乐世家，be born into ＂出身于＂，故答案选born。
2. Taught 【解析】句意：在父亲的教导下，汪峰五岁时就开始练习小提琴。根据句意和语境，可知这里应该选teach，根据句意本句使用一般过去时，teach的过去式为taught，又因其位于句首，所以第一个字母要大写，故答案应为Taught。
3. wondered 【解析】句意：汪峰经常想知道为什么他应该拉小提琴，或者他为什么不得不待在家里练习，而其他孩子在他这个年龄都在外面玩。根据句意和语境可知这里应该选wonder，本句使用一般过去时，所以wonder应使用其过去式wondered，故答案填wondered。
4. for 【解析】句意：14岁时，他生平第一次通过一段音乐认识到音乐的美。根据句意，结合语境，可知这里应该填一个介词＂for＂，for the first time意为＂第一次、首次、初次＂，重在强调时间，表示有生以来或一段时间内第一次做某事，在句中一般用作状语，修饰动词。故答案填for。
5. realized 【解析】句意：汪峰通过一段音乐认识到了音乐的美。根据句意可知这里应该选realize，时态用一般过去时，realize的过去式为realized，故答案填realized。
6. interested 【解析】句意：从那以后，汪峰对音乐产生了兴趣，决定去创作自己的优美音乐。根据decided to create beautiful music of his own.＂决定创作自己优美的音乐＂，可知是对音乐产生了＂兴趣＂，所以应该选interest。句中的became为系动词，后面接形容词作表语，所以应该用interested，故答案填interested。
7. first 【解析】句意：1997年，乐队制作了他们的第一张专辑——《宝佳街43号》。根据上文＂1994年，他和朋友组建了自己的摇滚乐队——宝佳街43号＂由此可知他们是出了第一张专辑，故答案填first。
8. success 【解析】句意：那是一个巨大的成功。根据下文＂现在仍然很多人喜欢它＂，可知在2004年他唱的那首《飞得更高》是一个巨大的成功，所用应选succeed。又因为空格前面有形容词big，所以这里应填一个名词success，故答案填success。
9. loved 【解析】句意：现在它仍然被许多人喜欢。根据句意可知这里应选＂喜欢＂，即＂love＂。分析题干可知本句为被动语态，所以love应用loved，故答案填loved。
10. himself 【解析】句意：汪峰自己获得了最佳制作人将。根据句意可知这里应填一个反身代词作主语的同位语，以加强被修饰词的语气，因为汪峰为第三人称单数，所以用he的反身代词himself，故答案填himself。
真题再现
A
【文章大意】这是一篇选词填空，主要介绍了一个雕刻家对待工作一丝不苟的故事，通过这个故事告诉我们应该有的工作态度．
(1)making 考查动名词，see sb doing看见某人正在做某事，make a sculpture雕刻，故答案为making．
(2)same 考查形容词，根据上文As he watched the man work on the sculpture， he noticed that there was a similar sculpture lying nearby．当他观看那个人雕刻时，他注意到旁边放着一个相似的雕像，因此判断本句的意思是你为什么要雕刻两个相同的雕塑．故答案为same．
(3)places 考查可数名词复数，different不同的，后跟可数名词复数，结合语境，你为什么雕刻两个相同的雕塑，你需要把它们放在不同的地方吗？故答案为places．
(4)before 考查时间副词，结合语境，我们只需要一个，但是在我完成第一个之前它已经被损害了．判断是完成之前，故答案为before．
(5)carefully 考查副词，结合语境，Bill捡起受损的雕塑并且仔细检查，但是他没发现有什么问题．examine为实意动词，用副词修饰，故答案为carefully．
(6)anything 考查不定代词， couldn’t 否定词，结合语境，Bill捡起受损的雕塑并且仔细检查，但是他没发现有什么问题．否定句中不定代词用anything．故答案为anything．
(7)continuing 考查动名词，while后动词用﹣ing形式，结合语境，”雕塑的脖子上有一道划痕”雕刻家边说边继续工作．故答案为continuing．
(8)who 考查疑问代词，结合语境，如果雕塑放那么高的话，谁会注意到它的脖子上有一道划痕．故答案为who．
(9)stopped 考查动词，本文谓语动词用过去式，判断时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，结合语境，雕刻家停下他的工作，看着那个男人说：”我会知道．”故答案为stopped．
(10)best 考查形容词最高级，quality为名词，前用形容词，the后形容词用最高级，结合语境，即使别人没有注意到，他的作品应该保持最好的质量对他来说很重要．故答案为best．
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇演讲稿，作者回忆了三年初中生活美好记忆，表达了对学校、同学和老师的留恋。
52. memories 句意：当我回首过去的三年，许多美好的回忆涌上心头。beautiful美丽的，形容词修饰名词；many许多的，修饰复数名词；根据When I look back to the past three years,和所给单词提示，可知有很多回忆，故填memories。
53. through 句意：我不能忘记阳光从窗户射进来。through the windows透过窗户；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填through。
54. who 句意：我会记住那些帮助和支持我的重要人物——我的老师和朋友。本句是定语从句，先行词people是人，需用who引导。根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填who。
55. sharing 句意：我想与你分享他们。feel like想要……，like是介词，后接动名词；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填sharing。
56. separate 句意：虽然我们现在不得不各奔东西，但我希望我们能珍惜在一起的快乐时光。go our separate ways分道扬镳；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填separate。
57. forever 句意：亲爱的学校，我永远爱你。本句缺副词状语，forever永远，根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填forever。
【点睛】
选词填空，要求根据句意语境和所给单词提示选择合适的单词填空，主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词(形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词)等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。
C
【文章大意】这篇短文主要是介绍来世界上最伟大的奇迹之一——巨石阵。
51. receives 句意：每年接待超过75万游客。根据Every year这里是一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词变第三人称单数。receives的意思是“接收”。根据句意，故填receives。
52. longest 句意：人们喜欢去这个地方，尤其是在六月，因为他们想去。看到太阳在一年中最长的一天升起。根据文中especially in June as they want to.see the sun rising可知，这里是最长的一天。the longest day表示最长的一天。根据句意，故填longest。
53. tried 句意：很多年来，历史学家认为巨石阵是一座古代领导人试图与神沟通的寺庙。短语try to do sth.表示设法去做某事；这里是一般过去时态，try的过去式是tried。根据句意，故填tried。
54. centuries 句意：然而，历史学家保罗·斯托克认为这不可能是真的，因为巨石阵是几百年前建造的。so many+名词复数，century意思是“世纪”，这里用复数，根据句意，故填centuries
55. put 句意：最大的石头是以某种方式放置的。这里是一般过去时态的被动语态，put的过去分词是put。根据句意，故填put。
56. directly 句意：在仲夏的早晨，太阳直接照射到石头的中心。这里是副词修饰动词。direct的副词是directly，意思是“直接地”，根据句意，故填directly。
57. prevent 句意：他们认为这些石头可以预防疾病，保持人们的健康。Can+动词原形；prevent的意思是“阻止”，根据句意，故填prevent。
58. from 句意：当你走到那里的时候，你可以感觉到你脚上的能量向上移动。from表示从……。根据句意，故填from。
59. what 句意：没有人能确定巨石阵是用来做什么的。这里是what引导的宾语从句。根据句意，故填what。
60. or 句意：有人认为这可能是一个祭祀祖先的墓地或地方。根据a place to honor ancestors.可知这里用or来连接，意思是“或者”，根据句意，故填or。
D
【文章大意】这篇科普文介绍了科学家为了知道火星是否有水所做的科学探索。2004年，两个名为“精神与机遇”的机器人探索器，或“漫游者”被派去火星寻找水的迹象，发现了可能是水制造的化学物质和图案，还发现了其他可能是由水造成的岩石。
24. interesting【解析】句意：这对科学家来说是非常有趣的。very非常，副词修饰形容词；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填interesting。
25. different【解析】句意：火星有不同天气的季节，但其他行星全年都有相同的温度。weather天气，名词需用形容词修饰；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填different。
26. life【解析】句意：火星上有生命吗？there be结构遵循就近原则，was后接单数名词。根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填life。
27. to know【解析】句意：为了找到答案，科学家们需要知道火星是否有水。need需要，用于肯定句时多是实义动词，有need to do结构。根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填to know。
28. signs【解析】句意：2004年，两个名为“精神与机遇”的机器人探索器，或“漫游者”被派去寻找水的迹象。根据of所有格结构和英文提示，可知填signs。
29. and【解析】句意：这些流浪者可以驾驶岩石和各种粗糙的地面。rocks和rough ground是并列关系，需要and连接；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填and。
30. back【解析】句意：他们还可以使用相机和照片发送回地球。send back to送回某个地方；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填back。
31. found【解析】句意：然后，他们搬到另一个地区，发现了其他可能是由水造成的岩石。and连接并列结构，根据句意结构，可知缺动词，结合时态和英文提示，故填found。
32. they【解析】句意：今天他们仍然不确定火星上是否有生命。本句缺主语，根据句意结构和英文提示，可知scientists需用they替代，故填they。
33. really【解析】句意：他们真的需要更多的信息来决定。need需要，动词需用副词修饰；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填really。
E
【文章大意】本文介绍了9岁的吉姆为撰写家族史而采访了祖母，当他问祖母自己是怎么来的时，祖母说是＂鹳鸟带来的＂，当他问妈妈和祖母是怎么来的时，祖母做了同样的回答。于是他在自己的论文中写道：我们家连续三代人都没有自然分娩。
1. understand 【解析】句意：目的是让孩子们了解自己的家族史。位于动词不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故为understand。
2. answers 【解析】句意：吉米为了为自己的任务搜寻某些答案。根据for his task可知为了他的任务，应是搜寻答案，有some修饰，故此处用复数名词，故为answers。
3. knew 【解析】句意：吉姆访问了他的祖母，其祖母当然对吉姆问这些问题的原因一无所知。根据nothing about the reason why Jimmy asked such questions可知对于问这些问题的原因，应是表示不知道，结合上文，可知此处用一般过去时，故为knew。
4. nervous 【解析】句意：他的祖母非常紧张。根据下文＂Why didn’t he ask his parents？＂可知他的祖母询问他为什么不问他的父母去，因此表示感到紧张，作为系动词was的表语，故用形容词，故为nervous。
5. with 【解析】句意：跟一个孩子讨论这种话题，她得格外小心。talk with sb. about sth和某人讨论关于某事，故此处为介词with。
6. so 【解析】句意：她想要赢取一些时间，所以她回答到＂小傻瓜，鹳鸟把你带来的。＂结合句意，前一句表示她想要赢取一些时间，后一句表示随便找了一个答案，故前后表示因果关系，故用连词so。
7. more 【解析】句意：她不再说什么。no more不再，故为more。
8. me 【解析】句意：鹳鸟也把我带来了。此处动词brought的宾语，故用宾格形式，故为me。
9. Jimmy’s 【解析】句意：吉姆的祖母对他的问题没有再考虑过。修饰名词grandmother，故用名词所有格形式，故为Jimmy’s。
10. looking 【解析】句意：三天后，当她整理和看吉姆的书桌时，她读了他的论文上第一句话。此处and前后表示并列，与现在分词tidying up相并列，故用现在分词looking。
F
【文章大意】本文讲述了在众多的求职者中一个男孩脱颖而出，这是因为他有着良好的行为习惯和良好的品质，这比一切推荐信都重要。
1. G. sent the others away 【解析】句意：他选择了一个男孩，把其他人打发走了。根据上文From all the applicants(应聘者), in a short time, he chose a boy 可知在所有的应聘者中，在短时间内，他选择了一个男孩，可推知送走了其他人，故答案选 G。
2. A. many 【解析】句意：他有许多好的品质。根据上文这个人的朋友提到这个男孩没有推荐信，结合题干＂You are mistaken.＂said the man. ＂He had 2 .可推知这个人说这个男孩有很多，故填入many，故选A。
3. B. closed the door 【解析】句意：他进门前擦了擦鞋子，然后把门关上。根据上文He cleaned his shoes before he came in可知他进门前清理他的鞋子，结合题干and 3 after him，showing that he was tidy and orderly. ＂可推知进门后关上门，表明他整洁、懂规矩，故选B。
4. E. kind 【解析】句意：他很快地把座位让给一位老人，表示他很善良。根据上文He gave up his seat at once to an old man，可知他把座位立刻让给一位老人，结合题干showing that he was 4 .可推知表明他很善良，故选E。
5. I. showing that he was well-educated 【解析】句意：表明他受过良好教育。根据上文He took off his cap when he came in，and answered my questions politely可知当他进来时他摘下帽子，礼貌地回答我的问题，可推知这表明他受过良好的教育，故选I。
6. H. while 【解析】句意：他把我故意放在地板上的书拾起来，放在桌子上，其他人都踩了上去。根据上文He lifted up the book which I had purposely laid on the floor，and put it on the table可知他捡起我故意放在地上的书，对照下文all the others stepped over it，or pushed it aside其他所有人踩过去或者推到一边，可知前后句子表达一种对比关系，故填while意为＂然而＂，故选H。
7. D. careful 【解析】句意：表明他很细心。根据上文He lifted up the book which I had purposely laid on the floor，and put it on the table，while all the others stepped over it，or pushed it aside，可知男孩捡起面试官故意放在地上的书，然而其他所有人踩过去或者推到一边，结合题干showing that he was 可推知这表明他很仔细，故填入careful，故选D。
8. J. instead of pushing the others aside 【解析】句意：而不是把其他人推到一边。根据上文And he waited quietly for his true可知他安静地排队等候，根据下文showing that he had good manners. ＂可知这表明他很有礼貌，可推知他没有把别人推到一边去，故选J。
9. C. wrote his name 【解析】句意：当他写名字的时候。根据下文 I noticed that his fingernails were clean，instead of being tipped with pen.＂可知我注意到他的指甲很干净，结合题干When he…可推知当他写名字时，故选C。
10. F. by using my eyes 【解析】句意：我用我的眼睛看了十分钟。根据上文Don’t you call these things letters of recommendation？可知面试官问他的朋友＂难道你不把这些事情称为推荐信吗？＂结合题干I do and what I can tell about a boy， 10 for ten minutes 可推知＂我认为这些事情就是推荐信，我用眼睛观察一个男孩十分钟我就能说出他的一切，故选F。
G
【文章大意】本文主要向我们介绍了中国传统的剪纸艺术. 剪纸有多种用途，任何东西都可以成为剪纸的主题，比如生活中的鸟，花朵和动物。而每一幅剪纸都是作者观点的表达。文章说学习剪纸是很容易的，但要剪得完美却是很难的。
1. an 【解析】考查冠词。根据上文I am fully convinced that you must have heard about Chinese paper-cutting我完全相信你一定听说过中国剪纸，又根据important art form in China，结合所给词，推测本题意思是剪纸是中国一项重要的艺术形式，important且以元音音素开头，故用an。
2. used 【解析】考查动词被动语态。根据前文everything can become the theme(主题)of paper-cuts，from people to the things一切都可以成为剪纸的主题，从人到事，这是句子的主干，后文that can be(87)in everyday life such as birds，flowers and animals是一个定语从句修饰先行词things，即 birds，flowers and animals被用于剪纸艺术，是被动关系，结合所给词，故用used。
3. ideas 【解析】考查名词。根据前文the personal私人的，是个形容词，常作定语修饰名词，又根据后文own feelings 自己的情感，结合所给词，故用复数ideas，即表达剪纸作者个人的观点。
4. their 【解析】考查物主代词。根据前文people人们，后文own feelings，推测这里缺少一个形容词修饰feelings，结合所给词，故用them的形容词性的物主代词their，与people对应。
5. when 【解析】考查连词。根据后文someone marries，we put up some red paper-cuts，某人结婚，我们张贴一些红色的剪纸，结合所给词，推测意思是当某人结婚时，我们张贴一些红色的剪纸，故用when。
6. on 【解析】考查介词。根据前文someone marries，we put up some red paper-cuts某人结婚，我们张贴一些红色的剪纸，后文the wall，推测本题意思是当某人结婚时，我们张贴一些红色的剪纸在墙上，即在墙的表面，故用介词on。
7. but 【解析】考查连词。根据前文It is easy to learn paper-cutting，后文very difficult to make it perfect，两者之间是对比转折关系，故用but。
8. to use 【解析】考查动词不定式。根据前文We need a long-time practice to learn how我们需要长期的实践来学习如何，后文how to paint，and表示并列关系，结合所给词，故用to use，即如何使用剪刀。
9. really 【解析】考查副词。分析句子we _________ need to learn some cutting skills，本题不缺少任何成分，结合所给词，可以用副词really来修饰动词need，即真的需要学习剪纸的技巧。
10. has 【解析】考查动词。根据前文From history until now从历史到现在，通常用于现在完成时态，及后文become necessary，由于主语是单数paper-cutting skill，结合所给词，故用have的三单has构成has become现在完成时态。
模拟检测
A
【文章大意】从前有一个年轻人认为自己是穷人。有一天他去问一个聪明的人如何致富。智者说：＂年轻人，你现在已经有钱了。＂并且告诉他＂你的眼睛是你的财富。你用它们来看到这个世界。你用它们来看到所有美丽的东西在这个世界上。你的手是你的财富。您可以使用它们来工作。您可以使用它们来拥抱你心爱的人。你的腿是你的财富。你可以去任何地方＂。
1. become 【解析】句意：有一天，他去找一位智者问如何致富。Become：成为，变成；How to do sth.：怎样做某事；结合句意、语境和所给词可知填become。
2. already 【解析】句意：年轻人，你现在已经很富有了。Already已经，副词；结合句意、语境和所给词可知填already。
3. them 【解析】句意：你用它们去看这个世界。They，他们，主格，它的宾格是them；use sth. to do sth.：用某物做某物，use是动词，后面用宾格；结合句意、语境和所给词可知填them。
4. things 【解析】句意：你用它们去看世界上所有美好的事物。Thing东西，可数名词；all the跟可数名词要用复数，结合句意、语境和所给词可知填things。
5. use 【解析】句意：你可以用它们来工作。Use使用，can情态动词，后面跟动词原形，结合句意、语境和所给词可知填use。
6. call 【解析】句意：你把这些叫做财富？call：称呼，叫，打电话；call sth….：把某物称作……；结合句意、语境和所给词可知填call。
7. have 【解析】句意：你现在所拥有的并不是别人能幸运地得到的。Have：拥有，有；本句是主语从句，需用陈述语序，主语you是第二人称，用原形；结合句意、语境和所给词可知填have。
8. luckily 【解析】句意：你现在所拥有的并不是别人能幸运地得到的。Lucky：幸运的，形容词，它的副词luckily；副词修饰动词，本句是修饰have(动词)，故用副词形式；结合句意、语境和所给词可知填luckily。
9. important 【解析】句意：我的眼睛对我很重要！important重要的，形容词；are是系动词，后面跟形容词作表语，sth. be important to sb.：某物对于来说某人重要；结合句意、语境和所给词可知填important。
10. because句意：我们不应该过度使用它，因为一旦它消失了，它就永远消失了。Because因为，引导原因状语从句；本句前后句子的关系是因果关系，结合句意、语境和所给词可知填because。
B
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述孩子和父母之间相处不愉快并给出了一些建议。
1. understand 【解析】句意＂他们说他们的父母不理解他们＂。understand理解，且空在助动词之后，用动词原形，根据句意，故填understand。
2. with 【解析】句意＂他们总是认为他们的父母对他们太严格了＂。be strict with对……严格，根据句意，故填with。
3. children’s 【解析】句意＂父母经常发现，赢得他们孩子的信任是困难的＂。空处表示孩子们的，根据句意，故填children’s。
4. problems 【解析】句意＂这是他们显示他们长大以及能解决任何难题的方法之一＂。problem问题，且空前有any，故填problems。
5. more 【解析】句意＂但是年长的人比年轻的人想得多＂。空后有than，用比较级，故填more。
6. changed 【解析】句意＂他们大多数人都提前安排，不喜欢计划被改变＂。change改变，且空前有be，故填changed。
7. clothes 【解析】句意＂年轻人通常通过他们穿的衣服、他们的一些音乐以及其他的东西让他们的父母生气＂。根据wear可知，故填clothes。
8. trying 【解析】句意＂他们仅仅是想摆脱老人的世界并尝试创造他们自己的文化＂。try尝试，且空前有be，故填trying。
9. better 【解析】句意＂如果你打算做一些事情，你最好赢得父母的同意，并让他们理解，这样的话你的父母就会让你做你想做的事情＂。you’d better最好，且空后用动词原形，故填better。
10. what 【解析】句意＂如果你打算做一些事情，你最好赢得父母的同意，并让他们理解，这样的话你的父母就会让你做你想做的事情＂。空前有动词，说明为宾语从句，且从句指物，故填what。
C
【文章大意】感恩节之后的星期五被称为＂黑色星期五＂，这是一个购物季的开始，很多商店都在这个时候进行优惠的活动，吸引顾客的到来。
1. C 【解析】句意：这是假期购物季的开始，自从2005年以来这是美国一年中最繁忙的购物节。busiest是busy的最高级形式，最繁忙的，根据句意可知，这里表示与一年中的其他时候相比这时候是最忙的，空前有the，故填最高级，选C。
2. A 【解析】句意：他们尽力地用大的折扣来吸引购物者。attract吸引，是一个动词。根据句意with big discounts可知，商店打大的折扣，目的是吸引购物者，故应选A。
3. E 【解析】句意：商店甚至在这些商品上亏钱。even甚至，表示程度的加深。根据句意lose money on them可知，这里表示递进，故应选E。
4. B 【解析】句意：他们希望在电视或电脑上获得低价，但并不是每个人都能买到。price价格，是一个名词。这里low price表示价格低。故选B。
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