国开电大《高级英语阅读(1)》形考任务答案

形考任务一（70 分）

Chapter 1 Exercise（分值 7 分）

题目 1

1. Vocabulary skills（3 points）

Look at the columns below. Match each vocabulary word on the right with the correct definition on the left.(0. 5 points each)

1. the bus or subway
2. proof of completion of courses of students
3. money for students from scholarships, grants, or loans
4. formal talks by professors or instructors on subjects of study
5. courses by video, video conferencing, or computers to students in different places
6. the points or grade a student gets on a test
7. the bus or subway

[答案]public transportation

2. proof of completion of courses of studentsc

[答案]ertficates and degrees

3. money for students from scholarships, grants, or loans

[答案]financial aid

4. formal talks by professors or instructors on subjects of study

[答案]academic lectures

5. courses by video. video conferencing, or computers to students in distance learning

[答案]different places

6. the points or grade a student gets on a test

[答案]score

1. Reading Comprehension (4 points)

Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each )

Experiencing Culture Shock

A When Eliza James arrived at the University of Xian, she was excited to live in a new country, to improveher Chinese, and to experience a culture so different from her own. But soon her excitement turned tofrustration as she encountered one roadblock after another. “I felt like I couldn’ t accomplish anything.My dorm room had no heat, I couldn’ t get into the classes I wanted, and every time I asked someone for helpthey gave me the runaround. I felt like no one was listening to me. ” Eliza met with administrators, sentletters of complaint, and even contacted the consulate in Beijing, but she got nowhere. What Eliza didn’ trealize was that her American approach to solving problems was very different from the Chinese one in whichpatience and negotiation skills are key. She soon learned how to solve problems within the cultural normsof Chinese society instead of forcing her own values onto those around her. “I finally feel like I fit inand that I know what I’ m doing. In fact, it’ s really fun being in a place that’ s so incredibly differentfrom what I am accustomed to. “B Yoshi Yamamoto is a junior at a small college outside of Boston. Although he is an honors student now,Yoshi didn’ t always have such an easy time studying in America. “Teaching methods are very different herethan they are in Japan. It took me a long time to get used to learning in seminars and discussing ideaswith my classmates. At first it seemed like I wasn’ t actually learning anything. ” Yoshi’ s reaction was tototally withdraw: he didn’ t participate in class discussion; he spent lots of time alone in his room, andhe even skipped class on occasion. “I thought I could teach myself. Now I recognize the value of the U. S.academic system, and I am able to adapt it to my own learning style. “C Both Eliza and Yoshi experienced what is called culture shock: psychological disorientation due to livingin a new culture. For many international students, studying abroad can offer exposure to new cultures andan opportunity to study new fields and languages. However, it also offers the greater challenge of tryingto function in a foreign culture. Studying and reading about a certain culture is poor preparation for thereality of living in it. According to psychological studies, the four stages of culture shock are 1. euphoria,2. hostility, 3. gradual adjustment, and 4. adaptation. Culture shock can be manifested in many ways:homesickness, boredom, stereotyping of or hostility towards the host culture, overeating or overdrinking,withdrawal, and inability to work effectively.D Different people experience different levels of culture shock and react in different ways. For example,Eliza got angry while Yoshi withdrew from society. The most important thing to remember is that cultureshock is normal; it is not something to be ashamed of. Luckily, there are some things international studentscan do to make their adjustment to a new country go more smoothly. For instance, they can stay in touchwith family and friends from home, join international student organizations, meet people from their owncountries, and get involved in campus activities. Most importantly, they can adjust to life abroad by keepinga sense of humor and trying to remain positive.Recognizing Paragraph Topics（choose the paragraph letter）

7. an explanation of culture shock

[答案]C. C

8. ways that students can adjust to living in a new country

[答案]D. D

9. the experience of an international student in the United States

[答案]B. B

10. the experience of an international student in China

[答案]A. A

Chapter 2 Exercise（分值 7 分）

题目 1

1. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）

Sometimes examples can explain the meaning of a word or phrase. For example, sun, rain, and wind are examples

of kinds of weather. Look at the columns below. Match each vocabulary word or phrase in the first column

with the examples in the second column. (0. 4 points each)

1. kinds of extreme weather
2. Earth’ s natural materials and gases
3. diseases or health disorders
4. seasons of the year
5. natural areas or regions of the earth
6. kinds of extreme weather

[答案] blizzards, tormadoes, hurricanes, floods, droughts

2. Earth’s natural materials and gases

[答案]coal, ol, carbon, dioxde, air, water

3. diseases or health disorders

[答案]stroke, asthma, influenza, pneumonia, headaches

4. seasons of the year

[答案]winter. spring. summer, fal

5. natural areas or regions of the earth

[答案]oceans, seas, islands, deserts, forests

1. Reading Comprehension (5 points)

Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B or C. (1 point each)Seasonal Affective Disorder: More than Just the BluesA Joshua dreads the winter months, not only because of the cold New England weather–the sleet, snow, wind,and rain–but because as the seasons change from summer to fall to winter, the days getshorter. As thedays get shorter, he starts feeling depressed and irritable and spends more and more time at home, eatingand sleeping. A graduate student in philosophy, Joshua finds that he gets little work done during the wintermonths and has trouble paying attention in class and concentrating on his research. “I soon realized thatwhat I thought was just the ‘ winter blues’ was something more extreme than that. ” Josh visited a doctorwho diagnosed him with SAD.B Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a kind of depression that occurs seasonally. It is associatedwith the long hours of darkness and lack of sunlight during the winter months (people with SAD usually feelworse from December through February) . Scientists don’ t completely understand the exact causes of SAD, butthey believe it is related to a biochemical imbalance in the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is the basicpart of the brain that controls the body’ s breathing, heartbeat, metabolism, and hormone release. The effectsof SAD include moodiness, irritability, low energy, increased appetite for carbohydrates (foods such aspotatoes, rice, and bread) , difficulty concentrating, and the tendency to oversleep.C Althoughdoctors described SAD for the first time in 1984, humans have probably dealt with the disorderfor thousands of years. It is not a coincidence that many cultures have important celebrations during theshort days of the winter months. Christmas, Hanukkah, and Winter Solstice celebrations all occur in December.These celebrations involve lighting candles in order to bring light, warmth, and happiness to an otherwisedepressing time of year.D So what can SAD sufferers do to feel better? Naturally, they need more light. For people who have mildcases of SAD, exercising in the morning sun could be enough to help them. Phototherapy, or light therapy,is usually prescribed for people who have more serious cases of the disorder. In light therapy, patientssit in front of a light box, a strong artificial light, for up to four hours a day. Phototherapyis effectivein over 80% of SAD cases, and patients usually see results within three to four days. Although the symptomsof SAD are similar to those of clinical depression, traditional antidepressants have not proven useful intreating SAD. While psychological counseling cannot treat the symptoms of SAD, it is recommended to helpSAD sufferers learn to accept and deal with their illness.

6. Joshua starts feeling depressed and irritable in the winter because

[答案]B. he suffers from Seasonal Affective Disorder

7. Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a condition that researchers believe affects people during thewinter months. Scientists believe it is caused by

[答案]C. lack of sunlight and a biochemical imbalance in the brain

8. Humans have probably struggled with SAD since

[答案]A. ancient times

9. People who suffer from SAD can to feel better.

[答案]A. do light therapy

10. This passage talks about_____.

[答案]B. Both A and B.

1. Reading Comprehension (5 points)

Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each )Fast food can be good foodMany people are too busy to prepare and eat three nutritious meals a day. so they turn to the convenienceof fast-food restaurants. Many of the items at fast-food restaurants, snack bars, and food stands arefattening and not very nutritious. But fast food doesn’ t have to be unhealthy. you can eat at fast-foodrestaurants and still eat well.Pay Attention to Calories and Fat ContentBy paying attention to the number of calories and fat that a food item has , you can make smarterchoices. Calories are “units for measuring how much energy a food will produce” . condsider two fast-foodmeals. A quarter-pound hamburger with cheese, jumbo-size fries, and a 16-ounce soda have a total of 1, 535calories and 76 grams of fat . a broiled (cooked under direct heat or over a flame ) chicken sandwich , a sidesalad with low-fat dressing, and a glass of water at the same fast-food restaurant have only 422 caloriesand 7 grams of fat . but maybe you really want a hamburger and fries . well, you can have a small hamburger, asmall serving of fries, and a glass of water. At a total of 490 calories and 20 grams of fat, that’ s stilla much smarter choice than the large burger , fries, and 20 grams of fat , that’ s still a much smarter choicethan the large burger, fries, and sada.There’ s More That You Can DoThere are a few additional things you can do to make sure you eat well in fast food restaurantS. First ofall, say “no” when the cashier asks you if you want to “supersize” you meal (order an extra large portionof each item) . Second, ask for no mayonnaise or sauce, or ask for it on the side (in a separatedish) . Third, substitute(use something instead of something else) healthy foods for fatty ones. Forexample, instead of ordering deep-fried tempura, order fresh vegetables. Instead of ordering a beef burritowith lots of cheese and sour cream, order a vegetable burrito with beans and rice. and don’ t eat thechips!Another thing you can do is order a side salad or a vegetable soup and eat it first. That way, you willeat some vegetables, and you won’ t be able to eat as much of your burger and fries. Fnally, eat slowly andstop eating when you’ re full. It sounds simple, but many people keep eating even after they become full.

1. What is the main idea of this article ?________

[答案]C. You can eat well in fast-food restaurant

2. A small hamburger and small firies has __________

[答案]A. more calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad.

3. Some things you can do to eat well in fast-food restaurants are________

[答案]D. order healthy foods instead of fatty ones and drink water.

4. Manyonnaise and sauces probably_________

[答案]C. have a lot of fat and calories.

5. By eating a salad or soup before the rest of your meal, _______

[答案]A. you eat less of the rest of your meal.

1. Vocabulary skills（2 points）

Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. (0. 4 points each)

题目 6

changes damaging losing global availableThe growing similarities in diet and eating habits around the world are influencing people of various culturesin different ways. For example, Western foods are 6 damaging health in the industrialized island countryof Japan. Instead of small meals of seafood, rice, and vegetables, the typical Japanese diet now includeslarge amounts of meat, dairy products, and desserts like tiramisu, a rich Italian dish full of chocolate,cheese, and sugar. According to Japanese health researchers, such 7 changes in eating habits are relatedto a great increase in health problems such as heart disease, strokes, cancer, and diabetes. On the otherhand, the changing 8 global diet is having the opposite effect on the people in the CzechRepublic. Thegovernment of this European nation no longer supports meat and dairy products financially, so the cost ofthese foods is going up. In contrast, fresh fruits and vegetables are becoming more widely 9 available fromprivate markets and stands. Cooks are even serving salads to schoolchildren, and families are eating healthierhome-cooked meals. For these reasons, fewer Czech men are having heart attacks, the women are 10 losinga lot of weight, and most people are living healthier lives.Chapter 4 Exercise（分值 7 分I. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）

题目 1

Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right. (0. 4 points each)

1. make sense
2. pedestrians
3. vehicle
4. teenager
5. fine

答案：

make sense

[答案]to be reasonable or necessary

pedestians

[答案]people traveling on foot, walkng

3. vehicle

[答案]something like a car or truck used to transport people

4teenager

[答案] a person over 12 and under 20 years old

5fine

[答案]money to be paid as a punishment

1. Reading Comprehension (5 points)

Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each)These days, it’ s getting easier and easier to find your way around. Some people have GPS devices in theircars to make sure they don’ t get lost. GPS stands for Global Positioning System. These devices use satellitesin space to “see” where you are and give you directions to where you want to go. And if you don’ t havea GPS device, you can simply go online to get step-by-step directions. Websites like MapQuest. com andmappoint. msn. com can produce a map and directions in just a few seconds. But how do they do it?MapQuest® uses data (information) from a few different sources to produce directions and maps. BeforeMapQuest® went online, it sold regular paper maps in places like gas stations. The website uses the datafrom those paper maps, information from digital mapping companies, and government databases. At the moment,MapQuest® uses more than 30 computers to read all this data and provides users with millions of maps everyday.In order to find the best route (way or path) from one place to another, MapQuest® first has to look atall possible routes. Then MapQuest® looks at each part of each possible route. It considers the types ofroads on the different routes. Are they dirt roads, paved roads, freeways, or city streets? It looks athow many turns there are in each route and what kinds of turns they are. Are they right turns or left turns?It also considers the speed limit on each road and how many intersections there are. An intersection is“a place where two or more roads cross each other” .MapQuest® can also tell you how long your trip will take you. It does this by doing some math. MapQuest®bases its estimated driving times on the length and speed limit of each part of the route and the amountof time it probably takes to get through each intersection. For example, it allows more time for a leftturn at an intersection than it does for a right turn. Someday, maybe we will have cars that can just driveus wherever we want to go, but for now, mapping websites make it a little harder to get lost.

6. What is the main idea of this article?

[答案]C. How mapping websites work.

7. According to the article, MapQuest®______

[答案]D. starting by selling paper maps.

8. When you search for directions, the first thing MapQuest® does is_______

[答案]D. look at all possible paths.

9. When it’ s deciding on the best route, MapQuest® probably chooses ________

[答案]C. freeways instead of dirt roads.

10. To estimate your driving time, MapQuest® considers _________

[答案]D. the speed limits and types of turns on your route.

Chapter 5 Exercise（分值 7 分）

1. Reading Comprehension (5 points)

Read the five main-idea questions that follow about the information in the reading. Three details correctly

answer each question. Cross out the untrue, unrelated detail. (1 point each )

1. What are the definitions of the two main types of families?

[答案]D. The nuclear family is the same as the extended family.

2. What are the reasons for the changes in the structure of the family?

[答案]A. The divorce rate went down and the birthrate began to rise in the early 1900s in the United States.

3. What happened to families in industrialized countries in the 1930s and 1940s?

[答案]A. Before and during World War II, families faced few financial problems and women didn’ t have to work

away from home.

4. What changes will happen to family structure during the next decades?

[答案]D. After the war, there were more divorces and fewer stay-home-mothers.

5. What will families be like in the future?

[答案]II. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）

Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. ( 0. 4 points each)living extended category typical believeThe Family of the FutureMany people today would like the traditional two-parent family back—that is to say, they want a man anda woman to marry for life; they also think the man should sport the family and the woman should stay homewith the children. However, few families now fall into this 6 category In fact, if more women decide tohave children on their own, the single-parent household may become more 7 typical than the traditional familyin many countries. Also, unmarried couples may decided to have more children—or they might take in fosterchildren or adopt. And because people are staying single and 8 living longer (often as widows) , there maybe more one-person households in the future. On the other hand, some people 9 believe similar events happenagain and again in history. If this is true, people may go back to the traditional 10 extended or nuclearfamily of the past. Others think the only certainty in history is changing: in other words, the structureof the future family could begin to change faster and faster—and in more and more ways.Chapter 6 Exercise（分值 7 分）I. Vocabulary skills（2 points）Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. （0. 4 points each）

1. Some examples of the architecture of old Europe are the magnificent cathedrals and castles. The designand building styles of modern architecture are excellent too. What does the noun architecture mean in thesesentences?

[答案]D. the form and plan of buildings and other structures

2. Perhaps the real beginning of civilization—with its scientific and technological discoveries andinventions—was in the Middle East and Africa. Over five thousand years ago, those ancient civilizationshad astronomy, mathematics, medicine, government, and so on. Which word is a synonym of the word civilization?

[答案]C. culture

3. The cultural legacy of ancient Chinese and Indian peoples included walled cities, the first governments,tools for work, and weapons for protection. odern peoples built on this legacy. What is a possible explanationof the word legacy?

[答案]A. ideas and achievements passed from earlier generations to modern society

4. “For me, the idea of ancient culture creates a contradiction in definitions, ” said Karen, going againstMei’ s views. “Only modern things can be part of culture. Of course, people that like classical art andmusic will contradict me. ”What might the noun contradiction mean?

[答案]A. the opposition of two opinions

5. Because of the worldwide media—movies, TV, CDs, the Internet, newspapers, magazines—everybody knowsthe same information, plays the same music, and enjoys the same jokes. How might you define the phrase themedia?

[答案]A. the combination of visual, sound, and printed ways to send ideas around the world

1. Reading Comprehension (5 points)Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for True and “F” for False. （1point each）Many visitors to different countries don’ t realize how important it is to understand a country’ s culture.Sometimes people learn this lesson by making a big cross-cultural blunder, or embarrassing mistake. Inbusiness situations, these blunders can cost a lot of money or end business relationships.
2. It is important to understand other people’ s cultures before you do business with them.

[答案]B. T

For example, one company wanted to sell toothpaste in Southeast Asia. In their advertisements, they claimedthat their toothpaste whitens teeth. They didn’ t understand that many of the local people chewed betelnuts to make their teeth black, and that these people thought black teeth were attractive.

7. The toothpaste company probably kept using the same advertisement in Southeast Asia.

[答案]A. F

In another case, a car company tried to sell a car called “Matador” in a Spanish-speaking country. Thecompany thought that it was a strong name because it means “bullfighter” . In Spanish, matador is indeeda noun meaning “bullfighter” . But it is also an adjective meaning “killing” . Imagine driving around

n a car called “Killing” !

8. The car company that tried to sell a car to a Spanish-speaking country probably didn’ t sell many Matadorcars in that country.

[答案]B. T

A European businessman had an important meeting with a company in Taiwan. He wanted to bring gifts for thepeople he was meeting with. He thought that something with his company’ s logo on it would be a nice gift.So he bought some very nice pocket knives and had his company’ s logo printed on them. He didn’ t know thatgiving a knife as a gift symbolizes cutting off a friendship!

9. The European businessman probably researches new cultures before he visits them now.

[答案]A. T

It’ s very easy to make blunders like these people did. But it’ s also very easy not to. Before you visita new country, research that country’ s customs and etiquette (social rules for polite behavior) . You canfind a lot of information online. Just go to a search engine and type in key words like “cross-culturaletiquette” or “cultural information Taiwan” . By spending a few minutes doing research, you can saveyourself from a lot of embarrassment and make sure you don’ t accidentally offend anyone.

10. What you can disagree with people to save yourself from making cross-cultural blunders.

[答案]B. F

Chapter 7 Exercise

1. Reading Comprehension (5 points)Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for True and “F” for False on theAnswer Sheet. (1 point each)For instance, a doctor doesn’ t always have time to thoroughly explain an illness. In these cases, the Internetcan be a valuable resource—a place to read all about the causes, symptoms, and remedies for an illness.
2. One benefit of using the Internet as a medical resource is it has a lot of information about illnessesand diseases.

[答案]B. T

For example, some websites claim that sniffing (smelling) a newspaper can cure nausea (the feeling of beingsick to your stomach and wanting to vomit) .

2. One possible remedy for nausea is drinking a lot of tea.

[答案]B. F

Other websites suggest that a person with a cold should keep a piece of raw garlic in his or her mouth allday and bite down on it every few minutes to release the juice. People with smelly feet are told to soaktheir feet in tea for half an hour.

3. The websites remedies might be unpleasant or odd, but they probably will cause harm. And who knows?They might actually be unhelpful.

[答案]B. T

An herbal remedy for helping your memory may also be a blood thinner. So if your doctor prescribed (putyou on) a blood thinner and you start taking this herb without asking your doctor about it, a simple cutcould be deadly; you might not be able to stop bleeding.

4. A person who is taking a prescribed drug should probably talk to the doctor before taking an herbalremedy.

[答案]B. T

The bottom line is this: be careful when using the Internet as a health resource. Use it to find informationthat you can discuss with your doctor. But don’ t spend a lot of money on “miracle cures” .

5. The best way to use the Internet as a medical resource is to read about your illness and discuss whatyou find out with your doctor.

[答案]B. F

1. Vocabulary skills（2 points）Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. ( 0. 4 points each)disease substance classification prevent figureIn a small-town farm market, hundreds of elderly people drink a glass of sour dark cherry juice every day.These happy senior citizens, some of them over the age of 90, claim that the natural fruit juice cures—orat least decreases—the pain of their arthritis, a 6 disease of the joints of the aging body. It’ s a folkremedy, not a proven medical therapy. Nevertheless, science is beginning to 7 figure out why sour cherryjuice might work to improve the health of patients with arthritis. The secret is in the 8 substance thatgives the cherries their dark red color. It belongs to a 9 classification of natural nutrients that colorblueberries, strawberries, plums, and other fruits—and vegetables too. Moreover, these coloring substancesmay help to 10 prevent serious health disorders like heart disease and cancer. In other words, vitaminsand fiber are not the only reasons to eat fruits and vegetables. “To take advantage of natural whole foods, ”advise nutritionists.

Chapter 8 ExerciseI. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）

Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. ( 0. 4 points each)

1. At all hours, the media offer language learners “real-life” audio visual instruction and practice inaural comprehension.

[答案]B. understanding spoken language

2. High-quality TV programming —a good plan of shows about various fields of study—can increase people’ sknowledge and improve their thinking abilities.

[答案]D. choice and organization of shows

3. Television and video provide almost everyone with good entertainment—a pleasant way to relax and spendfree time at home.

[答案]A. amusement or pleasure

4. Images of violence on the screen scare people, giving them terrible nightmares when they sleep.

[答案]D. behavior that hurts people

5. The talk shows of “trash TV” make instant “stars” of real people with strange or immoral ideas, whotell their most personal secrets, shout angrily, and attack one another.

[答案]C. shows without quality

1. normal life stories
2. Reading Comprehension (5 points)Complete the following sentences by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each)AEveryone makes mistakes, or so the saying goes. But have you ever heard about mistakes in Hollywood? Whenmost people think of Hollywood, they think of blockbusters (very successful movies) , high-paid actors, glitz,and glamour. But according to one Website, many Hollywood movies are full of mistakes. Some are technicalerrors. For instance, in a scene of the science-fiction adventure film The Matrix, when the main charactersteps out of his car, the viewer can clearly see the camera crew in the car window. In another scene, thesame character is typing on his computer, yet the computer screen is blank. Other movie mistakes are historical.For example, the epic Gladiator, an Oscar winner, is known for having lots of historical errors. Throughoutthe movie, the gladiator Maximus refers to his home in Spain, and the other characters call him “the Spaniard. “However, in 180 A. D. , when the movie takes place, Spain as a country or even as a concept didn’ t exist yet.At another point in the movie, Maximus says that his homeland of Spain has “the best horses. ” But horsesweren’ t brought to the Iberian Peninsula until the invasion of the Moors (North Africans) in 711 A. D, morethan 500 years after the movie takes place. The historical drama Titanic, another Oscar winner, also hasits share of historical blunders. The Titanic sunk in the year 1912. So why is one of the characters wearinga digital watch? In fact, movie watchers have found over 100 mistakes in The Matrix, Gladiator, and Titanic.Can you think of any errors in your favorite films?BHow susceptible are you to advertising? Has a TV commercial or magazine ad ever made you buy the productthat was advertised? If so, perhaps you have been subjected to subliminal advertising. Subliminal advertisingis a kind of advertising that appeals to the subconscious. The word “subliminal” comes from the Latin “sub”meaning “lower, ” “beneath, ” or “under, ” and “limen” meaning “threshold, ” (the level at which something beginsto happen) . Thus, subliminal advertising stimulates your brain at a level below conscious perception. Youcannot see, hear, or perceive subliminal ads, but they may affect you just the same.There are two main types of subliminal ads. The first involves flashing messages quickly during acommercial or film. The messages appear and disappear so rapidly that the mind cannot process them consciously,but it might receive them passively, at a subconscious level. James Vicary, a market researcher, firstintroduced this kind of subliminal advertising in 1957 when he flashed the words “Eat Popcorn” and “DrinkCoca-Cola” every five seconds during a movie. The messages couldn’ t be seen, yet Vicary claimed that themoviegoers’ brains could perceive them: Coke sales went up by 18% and popcorn sales by over 50%. More recently,the same type of subliminal advertising was used in a negative ad for a political campaign. In the ad, theword “rats” flashed up briefly during the part of the ad describing one party’ s healthcare plan. The purposewas to associate that opposing party with the negative word “rats. ” The second kind of subliminal advertisinginvolves hiding or incorporating images into visual advertisements. A well-known example is on a packageof a famous brand of cigarettes. Some say that if you look closely you can see the image of a man who issexually aroused. In fact, a lot of subliminal advertising involves sex, coming from the idea that “sex

sells. ” One media researcher claims that everything from crackers to alcohol to soda has used subliminalsexual imagery to appeal to buyers.Although studies show that consumers believe strongly in the power of subliminal ads, no one can provethe effects of subliminal advertising. Psychologists and others who study subliminal stimuli have not beenable to show that subliminal advertising actually works. Many advertising researchers believe thattraditional ads, in which a powerful image is used to sell a product, are more effective than subliminaladvertising. All the same, it still remains a controversial topic, one that is on the mind of buyers andsellers alike.

6. What is the best title for the Paragraph A?

[答案]B. Hollywood Bloopers: Mega Movie Mistakes.

7. What is the best title for the Paragraph B?

[答案]C. Subliminal Advertising: What Is It? Does It Work?

8. The Moors invaded Spain ______ the movie Gladiator takes place.

[答案]B. after

9. Another word for mistake is ______.

[答案]C. A and B

10. The subconscious is the part of the brain that _______.

[答案]A. passively notices and remembers information

Chapter 9 Exercise（分值 7 分）

1. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）

题目 1

Which of the words below contain a prefix with a negative meaning? Choose N. Choose X for the words withoutnegative meanings. ( 0. 4 points each)discourage

[答案]N

disrespect

[答案] N

illustrate

[答案]X

instant

[答案] X

illegal

[答案]N

1. Reading Comprehension (5 points)

Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each)Meeting the Perfect MateWhat is the best way to meet the perfect husband or wife? I am continuing to interview students on campustrying to answer this question for my sociology class. So far, people have mentioned arranged matches, discosand bars, computer dating services, and personal ads. One guy even said he thought supermarkets were thebest places to meet women. I guess you can talk a lot about a head of lettuce!I decided to go to the school cafeteria to interview some people there.”I think date cafés are the best way to meet people, ” said my friend Rahul.”Date cafés? What’ s that?” I asked.”Well, a date café is both a café and a dating service. You go to the café, order a cup of coffee or whateveryou want, and look through people’ s profiles. Then, if someone interests you, you can send him or her anemail and arrange a date at the café. You can also fill out your own profile and have people email you.The form asks you about everything from looks, to interests, to religion. The date café is a relaxed wayto make contacts. “”Are there many of them around?” I asked.”Hmm. Well, there’ s one near campus called Drip. In fact, I had a Drip date just last week, ” said Rahul.”Drip! But isn’ t that a word that’ s used to describe someone who is dull and boring? It doesn’ t sound toopromising. “”Yeah, well it’ s funny you say that, because my date was pretty uninteresting. She barely talked at all,and she kept looking down at her coffee mug. “”Well, what about a mail order bride?” said Rahul’ s roommate, Joni.”A what?” I asked.”A mail order bride. You know, you search for your wife in a catalog and the next thing you know you’ remarried. With the Internet it’ s easier than ever, ” she said.”Ugh, that sounds awful. ” I said. “Have you ever met anyone who has done that?””Yes, my uncle did it. His marriage ended a year later. The truth is, I’ m against it. Usually the womencome from poor countries and don’ t know what they’ re getting into. My uncle’ s wife had a really hard timeadjusting and went back to her country as soon as they split up. “”I think mail order is out. Any other suggestions?””I find that meeting people through classes or extracurricular activities is a good idea, ” said Michelle.”For instance, I signed up for a Japanese cooking class, both because I like Japanese food, and becauseI thought I might meet someone nice with similar interests. “”And did you?””Yeah, I made lots of friends: Sumi, Katrina, Mariah. . . no guys, though. The class was 90% women. In fact,now that you mention it, the same thing happened with the salsa class, the pottery class and my Tai Chiclass. I met a lot of nice women, but I definitely did not find the man of my dreams. “Last I interviewed a couple in the library.”Friends” they said. “We met through friends. It’ s the best way to find the perfect mate. “”Really, ” I said. “And why is that?””Well, your friends usually know what you like. And also, you know the person is someone you can trust,not like meeting someone in a bar or a supermarket. For instance, we met because Chris’ s lab partner thoughtwe would really get along. “”Yeah, Scott and I met, and I immediately liked him. I emailed him and it took him three months to emailme back!””Well, I’ m a little shy, but it eventually worked. Here we are, a year later and still together. “”Well that’ s the best story I’ ve heard yet, ” I said. But if I’ ve learned one thing in this study, it’ sthat meeting someone special, no matter how you do it, is difficult. ”

6. If you interview someone, you __.

[答案]A. ask him/her a lot of questions

7. A person’ s profile probably __.

[答案]B. tells something about the person

8. A drip is __.

[答案]B. a dull, boring person

9. If something is awful, it’ s __.

[答案]A. interesting and unusual

10. If you and your mate split up, you __.

[答案]A. end your relationship

Chapter 10 Exercise（分值 7 分）

1. Reading Comprehension (5 points)Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Choose “T” for True and “F” for False. (1point each )Competition in Olympic sports is supposed to be fair. However, in judged sports, fairness is impossible.Therefore, judged sports should be banned from the Olympic games. A judged sport is any sport that requiresjudges to determine a winner. For example, gymnastics, figure skating, half pipe (snowboarding) , and divingare all judged sports.
2. The writer believes judged sports should be eliminated from the Olympics.

[答案]A. T

Why do I believe that judged sports should be eliminated from the Olympics? First of all, judges don’ tsee everything. For example, a mistake in figure skating can happen in a fraction of a second. If a judgeblinks or looks away for a moment, he or she might miss the mistake and give the skater a higher score thanthe skater deserves.

2. One reason that judged sports should not be allowed in the Olympics is that judges can have differentopinions.

[答案]B. F

Second, two judges can disagree about which athlete gave the best performance. In sports in which thedifference between gold and silver is usually a few hundredths of a point, this kind of subjectivity isunacceptable. Can anyone really say with certainty that a gymnast who receives a score of 9. 825 is a bettergymnast than one who scores 9. 823?

3. One argument against banning judged sports from the Olympics is that people should stop arguing aboutit.

[答案]B. F

A lot of people claim that judged sports are subjective and should not be allowed in the Olympics. Theyfeel that only sports that are measured objectively for things like speed, such as swimming, track, andskiing, should be allowed because judges can’ t be objective and fair. I disagree with these people. Why?I believe that no sport is 100% fair and objective.

4. The writer here believes all sports are objective.

[答案]B. F

Some athletes may win because their equipment is better than their opponents’ equipment. For example, inthe 2000 summer Olympics, some swimmers wore controversial high-tech suits. The maker of the suit claimedthat the fabric could make a swimmer 3% faster. No one could prove that this was true, but they couldn’ tprove that it wasn’ t true either.

5. The equipment can be one reason that decides athletes’ sports scores.

[答案]B. F

1. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）

Match the following vocabulary items on left with their possible explanations on right. ( 0. 4 points each)co-workercontributepromotionprogressintermission

答案：

co-worker

[答案]someone who works with someone else

contribute

[答案] to give to something other people are also giving to

promotion

[答案]a raise in position,such as a higher-ranking job title

progress

[答案]to advance or move forward

intermission

[答案]a period of time between two parts of a show

形考任务二（30 分）

破冰行动（所属章： Guidelines； 分值 5 分； 需要教师批阅） 讨论区

异国特色食谱（所属章： Chapter 3； 分值 5 分； 需要教师批阅） 讨论区

身边的家庭模式（所属章： Chapter 5； 分值 5 分； 需要教师批阅） 讨论区

新闻采访稿（所属章： Chapter 8； 分值 5 分； 需要教师批阅） 互动评价

网上表现（所属章： 所有章节； 分值 10 分； 需要教师批阅）

AI创作