2026年春江苏开放大学综合英语（进阶）060686过程性考核作业一答案

试题列表
填空题
题型：填空题客观题答案不允许乱序分值10分难度：较难得分：10
1
A4. Read the passage and choose the best answers.
Passage Two. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
When we talk about Americans barely into adulthood who are saddled with unbearable levels of debt, the conversation is almost always about student loan debt. But there’s a growing body of evidence suggesting that today’s young adults are also drowning in credit-card debt — and that many of them will take this debt to their graves.
More than 20% overspent their income by more than $100 every single month. Since they haven’t built up their credit histories yet, it’s a safe bet that these young adults are paying relatively high interest rates on the resulting credit card debt.
Although many young people blame “socializing” as a barrier to saving money, most of them aren’t knocking back $20 drinks in trendy(时尚的)lounges. They’re struggling with much more daily financial demands.
To a disturbingly large extent, the young and the broke are relying on credit cards to make it until their next payday. This obviously isn’t sustainable in the long run, and it’s going to put a huge drag on their spending power even after they reach their peak earning years, because they’ll still be paying interest on that bottle of orange juice or box of spaghetti(意式面条) they bought a decade earlier.
A new study out of Ohio State University found that young adults are accumulating credit card debt at a more rapid rate than other age groups, and that they’re slower at paying it off. “If what we found continues to hold true, we may have more elderly people with substantial financial problems in the future,” warns Lucia Dunn, professor of economics at Ohio State. “If our findings persist, we may be faced with a financial crisis among elderly people who can’t pay off their credit cards.”
Dunn says a lot of these young people are never going to get out from under their credit card debt. “Many people are borrowing on credit cards so heavily that payoff rates at these levels are not sufficient to recover their credit card debt by the end of their life, which could have loss implications for the credit card issuing banks.”
1. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A
A) Many young Americans will never be able to pay off their debts.
B) Credit cards play an increasingly important role in college life.
C) Credit cards are doing more harm than students loans.
D) The American credit card system is under criticism.
2. Why do young people have to pay a higher interest on their credit card debt?
B
A) They tend to forget about the deadlines.
B) They haven’t developed a credit history.
C) They are often unable to pay back in time.
D) They are inexperienced in managing money.
3. What is said to be the consequence of young adults relying on credit cards to make ends meet?
D
A) It will place an unnecessary burden on society.
B) It will give them no motivation to work hard.
C) It will exert psychological pressure on them.
D) It will affect their future spending power.
4. What will happen to young adults if their credit card debt keeps accumulating according to Lucia Dunn?
B
A) They will have to pay an increasingly higher interest rate.
B) They may experience a financial crisis in their old age.
C) Their quality of life will be affected.
D) Their credit cards may be cancelled.
5. What does Lucia Dunn think might be a risk for the credit card issuing banks?
C
A) They go bankrupt as a result of over-lending.
B) They lose large numbers of their regular clients.
C) Their clients leave their debts unpaid upon death.
D) Their interest rates have to be reduced now and then.
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学生答案：A；B；D；B；C
老师点评：
题型：填空题客观题答案不允许乱序分值10分难度：较难得分：10
2
A3. Read the passage and choose the best answers.
Passage One. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
A recent global survey of 2,000 high-net-worth individuals found about 60% were not planning on a traditional retirement. Among U.S. participants, 75% expected to continue working in some capacity even after stepping away from full-time jobs. “Many of these people made their wealth by doing something they’re passionate(有激情的) about,” says Daniel Egan, head of behavioral finance for Barclays Wealth Americas. “Given the choice, they prefer to continue working.” Barclays calls these people “nevertirees”.
Unlike many Americans compelled into early retirement by company restrictions, the average nevertiree often has no one forcing his hand. If 106-year-old investor Irving Kahn, head of his own family firm, wants to keep coming to work every day, who’s going to stop him?
Seventy-eight-year-old Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s job security is guaranteed in the Constitution.
It may seem that these elderly people are trying to cheat death. In fact, they are. And it’s working. Howard Friedman, a professor at UC Riverside, found in his research that those who work hardest and are successful in their careers often live the longest lives. “People are generally being given bad advice to slow down, take it easy, stop worrying, and retire to Florida,” he says. He described one study participant, still working at the age of 100, who was recently disappointed to see his son retire.
“We’re beginning to see a change in how people view retirement,” says George Leeson, co-director of the Institute of Population Ageing at Oxford. Where once retirement was seen as a brief reward after a long struggle through some miserable job, it is now akin(近似) to being cast aside. What Leeson terms “the Warren Buffett effect” is becoming more broadly appealing as individuals come to “view retirement as not simply being linked to economic productivity but also about contribution.”
Observers are split on whether this is a wholly good thing. On the one hand, companies and financial firms can benefit from the wisdom of a resilient(坚韧的) chief. On the other hand, the new generation can find it more difficult to advance — an argument that typically holds little sway to a nevertiree.
1. What do we learn about the so-called “nevertirees”?
C
A) They are passionate about making a fortune.
B) They have no choice but to continue working.
C) They love what they do and choose not to retire.
D) They will not retire unless they are compelled to.
2. What do Irving Kahn and Ruth Bader Ginsburg have in common?
A
A) Neither of them is subject to forced retirement.
B) Neither of them desires reward for their work.
C) Both cling to their positions despite opposition.
D) Both are capable of coping with heavy workloads.
3. What is the finding of Howard Friedman’s research?
D
A) The harder you work, the bigger your fortune will be.
B) The earlier you retire, the healthier you will be.
C) Elderly people have to slow down to live longer.
D) Working at an advanced age lengthens people’s life.
4. What is the traditional view of retirement according to the passage?
C
A) It means a burden to the younger generation.
B) It is a symbol of a mature and civilized society.
C) It is a compensation for one’s life-long hard work.
D) It helps increase a nation’s economic productivity.
5. What do critics say about “nevertirees”?
D
A) They are an obstacle to a company’s development.
B) They lack the creativity of the younger generation.
C) They cannot work as efficiently as they used to.
D) They prevent young people from getting ahead.
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学生答案：C；A；D；C；D
老师点评：
题型：填空题客观题答案不允许乱序分值20分难度：中等得分：20
3
Fill in the blanks by selecting suitable words from the word bank. Each word can be used only once.
A. boost
B. prospect
C. calculate
D.accelerate
E. promotes
F. mystery
G. destruction
H. analysis
I. insight
J. barriers
1. In our class, most discussions and activities take place in assigned small groups. These groups provide a supportive and safe environment that
E
learning.
2. It is the development strategy of the company to
D
its overseas expansion in order to take a slice of the world market.
3. Nearly six million people go to see the Mona Lisa every year, attracted by the
F
of her smile. When you’ re not looking at her, she seems to be smiling; when you look at her, she stops.
4. To live with a family whose native language is English is the ideal way to further improve one’s English and to gain
I
into its culture.
5. There is a real need to
A
academic achievement in schools and help with the development of a student’s overall character.
6. Einstein said his scientific discoveries grew from his imagination rather than from
H
, reason and language.
7. Being a single parent, there is no way for her to
C
the time and energy she has devoted to her children for the past 10 years.
8. It is essential that you start by listening because one of the main
J
teenagers and their parents face in forming positive relationships is that neither listens to the other.
9. We all know the dangers of an earthquake: the
G
to buildings, the troubles can be caused by falling trees, and the terror occurs when the earth actually opens up.
10. Not until recently have we realized that the increasing world population may lead to a potential gloomy
B
for humanity: starvation.
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学生答案：E；D；F；I；A；H；C；J；G；B
老师点评：
题型：填空题客观题答案不允许乱序分值10分难度：较难得分：10
4
A5. Read the passage and choose the best answers.
Passage Three. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.
Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.
A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people’s hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they’d seen in front of them — in other words, how much they remembered eating.
This disparity (差异) suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M.Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.
“Hunger isn’t controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal,” Brunstrom says. “This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought.”
These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie (卡路里) milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones (荷尔蒙), depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they’d consumed a higher-calorie shake.
What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.
The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.
1. What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake?
A
A) How we perceive the food we eat.
B) What ingredients the food contains.
C) When we eat our meals.
D) How fast we eat our meals.
2. What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal?
D
A) You would probably be more picky about food.
B) You would not feel like eating the same food.
C) You would have a good appetite.
D) You would not feel so hungry.
3. What do we learn from the 2011 study?
B
A) Food labels may mislead consumers in their purchases.
B) Food labels may influence our body’s response to food.
C) Hunger levels depend on one’s consumption of calories.
D) People tend to take in a lot more calories than necessary.
4. What does Brunstrom suggest we do to control our appetite?
C
A) Trick ourselves into eating less.
B) Choose food with fewer calories.
C) Concentrate on food while eating.
D) Pick dishes of the right size.
5. What is the main idea of the passage?
B
A) Eating distractions often affect our food digestion.
B) Psychological factors influence our hunger levels.
C) Our food intake is determined by our biological needs.
D) Good eating habits will contribute to our health.
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学生答案：A；D；B；C；B
老师点评：
题型：填空题客观题答案不允许乱序分值20分难度：中等得分：20
5
Fill in the blanks by selecting suitable words from the word bank. Each word can be used only once.
A. phase
B. labelled
C. parallels
D. sensible
E. peculiar
F. equivalent
G. radical
H. resent
I. predict
J. witnessed
1. Ernest Hemingway’s keen insight into his society, ardent love for people and perceptive abilities helped him to form his own
E
characteristic of writing.
2. The project is on the point of collapse, and unless something very
G
is done to repair the damage there will be no hope for the project.
3. It’s not unusual for teenagers to go through a(n)
A
when they feel ashamed of their parents, afraid that they might not live up to their friends’ standards.
4. It is
D
for every family to make earthquake emergency plans and know how to leave the area during the chaos following an earthquake.
5. Economists are interested in all the factors that can help to
I
the extent to which a price change will affect supply and demand in the market.
6. Starting Monday, all foods
B
“organic” must be up to the strict national standards that the government decided to put into effect now.
7. There is more to a woman than her looks, so I
H
the fact that after a woman grows old and loses her looks people stop paying attention to her.
8. Apart from technological development, the 20th century
J
an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural transformation.
9. Unlike the practice in China, if you’re at a hotel restaurant in the United States, expect a 15-20 percent service charge or add the
F
amount yourself.
10. The change in smoking habits
C
a change in the incidence of lung cancer. The more people smoke, the more chances of occurrence for lung cancer.
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学生答案：E；G；A；D；I；B；H；J；F；C
老师点评：
综合题
题型：综合题客观题分值15分难度：中等得分：0
1
If I ask you, “Have you ever used instant I messaging apps?”, you would probably respond, “It’s a must.” Yes, people take it for granted because these apps have already become part of their daily life. They would rather use instant messaging than email to conduct their daily activities. The apps offer everything from free video calls and instant group chats to news updates and easy access to large multimedia files. In addition to the chat service, people are accustomed to using the apps to shop online, pay for goods at stores, settle utility bills, and attend online meetings, just with a few taps. It’s no exaggeration to say that life in China today would be unthinkable without instant messaging apps.
But what makes these apps tick with the masses? You may shrug your shoulders. Here is the secret sauce: The young generation in China created the perfect, user-friendly apps
that meet people’s needs. They are working tirelessly with their strong passion, amazing talents, unique work style, and high aspirations.
It sounds incredible that these young people, most born in the 1990s, have transformed people’s lives in every sector. No kidding! When tech companies recruit new employees for their fantastic platforms, they usually prefer fresh graduates– those newly graduated from college. Why? Young people usually have a stronger passion for entrepreneurship. They are more persevering and more willing to endure hardship. Likewise, they don’t fear failure and don’t want to just observe. They want to participate and be part of the action. Their internal driving force has little to do with money. What makes them happy and passionate is when they see their products have changed the lives of many people. Listen to their passionate cry, “NEW era, NEW revolution. I am a MAKER, for the DREAM in my heart.”
These young people admire creativity but dislike the traditional top-down management. “I am the boss and you’ ll do as I say” is becoming much less effective. Instead, they prefer teamwork and love to share. One typical example is“Shake”, an innovation not from a top-down assigned task but from young peers’ instinctive sense at a dining table. While having a meal together, some young people wanted to add each other to their friend circle, but they thought it was too troublesome to search for the user names. Someone suggested, “Why don’t we all shake our phones together?” Then came the innovative feature of“Shake”. In these talented work teams, this kind of invaluable suggestion is quite common.
Furthermore, their work style is not conventional either. They don’t care about the traditional nine-to-five work hours. With the sufficient support from their companies, the young innovators are now enjoying a relatively free work-time system: no punch- in or punch-out; no fixed-time shifts. The time schedules are very flexible. That’s why their office buildings can be very quiet and almost empty in the morning, but in the afternoon the atmosphere becomes more active, and in the evening the buildings are brightly lit-the most vigorous time of the day for these teams. This is actually a win-win situation. These young people, with a strong work ethic, really enjoy the new system; likewise, the companies are more than happy to see the high work efficiency delivered by these young people.
Paralleling their passion, talents, and work style are their high aspirations. They’ re eager to exhibit the will to voice their individual and collective ideas as to what to do or what not to do. Besides wanting their views to carry weight, they also think big and aim high. Their persistence in practicing the spirit of entrepreneurship is stunning. They prefer to enhance their performance and gain more experience through working in collective dynamics. Moreover, these young people don’t want to innovate just for the sake of innovation. What they do and strive for is based on the needs of their users and something valuable to their customers. It is this goal that stirs the heart of these young people and has brought them huge success-the various functionalities of the apps are now seamlessly woven into the fabric of people’s daily life.
Undoubtedly, today’s young generation is at the dawn of China’s tomorrow. If the incredible story of these young app developers, in a way, just unpacks China’s technical innovation and success,a new wave of young Chinese has already taken flight with the wing of China’s economic growth. These young people are part of the inventive firms emerging from China. The contributions they have made are remarkable. Companies that are ready to tap into their potential will attract, motivate, and retain very capable young employees who are resourceful and globally minded. It can be perceived that this young generation will become leaders of businesses and lead China to a brighter future. Industries and consumers around the world will soon feel their impact.
题型：单选题客观题分值3分
1
What is the primary reason people in China prefer instant messaging apps over email?
A
Instant messaging apps are more secure.
B
Instant messaging apps are only used for chatting.
C
Email is not available in China.
D
They offer a wide range of services including free video calls, group chats, and access to multimedia files.
学生答案：D
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分
2
What makes instant messaging apps popular among the masses in China?
A
They are only used by the older generation.
B
They are difficult to use and require special skills.
C
They are created by the young generation who understand and meet people’s needs.
D
They are expensive and exclusive.
学生答案：C
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分
3
Why do tech companies in China prefer to recruit fresh graduates?
A
They have a stronger passion for entrepreneurship and are willing to endure hardship.
B
Fresh graduates are more experienced.
C
Fresh graduates are less expensive to hire.
D
They are more likely to follow orders without question.
学生答案：A
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分
4
What is an example of an innovative feature that originated from young people’s instinctive sense?
A
The traditional nine-to-five work hours.
B
The “Shake” feature for adding friends.
C
The requirement for punch-in and punch-out.
D
The use of top-down management.
学生答案：B
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分
5
How do young innovators in China view their work schedule and environment?
A
They enjoy flexible work hours and a dynamic office atmosphere.
B
They prefer strict schedules and traditional office environments.
C
They dislike working in teams and prefer to work alone.
D
They are not motivated by the impact of their work on others.
学生答案：A
老师点评：
题型：综合题客观题分值15分难度：中等得分：0
2
Do you know the fairy tale of “Goldilocks and the Three Bears”? Goldilocks entered the house of the three bears. There, she tried Papa Bear’s porridge, and it was too hot. Mama Bear’s was too cold. But Baby Bear’s was just right, so she ate it all up. Thus, essentially, she committed the crime of burglary and grabbed a full serving of food belonging to an innocent child. Shame on her!
Interestingly, the plot in this fairy tale is very similar to my experience in choosing my college major. It took me three tries as well to find a major and a career that I loved and that fit me. For many of us, it can be a very lengthy process of self-discovery before we realize what we want to do and what we are really passionate about.
Believe it or not, engineering was my high school version of a future career. Sounds weird, doesn’t it? I, currently a writer who does nothing with numbers, wanted to be an engineer during my high school years! At that time, it truly made sense, though. I was extremely obsessed with the magnificence of massive engineering structures. I would wander the streets of Boston gazing up at the skyscrapers in awe, and I was so fascinated by roller coasters in the theme parks. I was good at math and was doing well with the advanced math classes, but when it was time to decide whether or not to take the AP(Advanced Placement) math course in high school, I hesitated. Why? I lacked confidence and knew there was a chance I wouldn’t succeed.
I started questioning my decision to become an engineer, so the first semester at college,I took the introductory engineering math class to confirm or disprove my doubt — whether I have a talent for engineering. Well, I struggled. Not just “I’m having trouble with this chapter” kind of struggle. The concepts were simply beyond me. My math level was fairly advanced in high school, but at college I found I wasn’t up to par. I struggled so much that I dropped the course and gave up my high school dream-to become an engineer. The porridge was too hot!
My classmates were surprised to know I had switched from science to the humanities. I also had a new-found hatred of math thereafter — so much that to this day I don’t even want to calculate the tip on a restaurant bill. I felt the subject let me down, so my next career consideration was, naturally, to do something on the opposite side of the spectrum, something free and artistic.
I browsed the options on my college website. The graphic design program reminded me of my childhood days of excessive drawing. This part of the porridge turned out quite brief, since the requirements to enter the program were not demanding. Nevertheless,I still didn’t feel quite right because I was not excited about it. I walked away. The porridge was too cold!
It was at this point that I felt completely frustrated,a sentiment shared by many college students browsing majors. I picked the brains of my advisor, carefully read the information on the career services website, and continued to hesitate about my major choice. Things didn’t change till I got a phone call from my dad. Talking to him,I threw out the idea of applying for a position at a student-run newspaper on campus, more like a last resort than an actual consideration. “You know, you’ve always been good at writing,” he said. You know what? My prolonged hesitation over my major ended dramatically, not with more excessive overthinking, but rather, as a sudden realization. All I needed was an outside source to confirm the fact: Journalism was my calling.
“Why didn’t it hit me before?” I asked myself. As a child, I won writing contests and got second place in two Spelling Bees. I earned straight A’s in English and writing classes. Even at college, friends let me proofread their papers. The signs were right there in front of me, but I just ignored them because I didn’t think my abilities were unique.
Journalism, to me, is the perfect balance between what I loved about engineering and graphic design. It’s structured, like engineering, in the fact that you need to know grammar rules, journalistic styles, press releases, and the like. But it’s also artistic in the fact that you get to explore a range of thought-provoking topics, express them in a creative light, and put them all in front of readers.
I ended up majoring in journalism with a minor in English after rediscovering my love for writing. I then applied for the newspaper job and was accepted on my first try. I was lucky enough to be at a school with a reputable journalism program. I was also lucky in the sense that I discovered my career aspirations at the ripe age of 20, not just because it saved me unknown tuition dollars pursuing unknown degrees with unknown extra classes. I found the porridge just right, so I swallowed it.
题型：单选题客观题分值3分
1
What is the primary metaphor used in the passage to describe the author’s experience in choosing a college major?
A
A journey through a forest.
B
A meal at a restaurant.
C
The story of “Goldilocks and the Three Bears.”
D
A race against time.
学生答案：C
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分
2
What was the author’s initial dream career during high school?
A
Writer
B
Engineer
C
Graphic Designer
D
Journalist
学生答案：B
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分
3
Why did the author drop the introductory engineering math class in college?
A
The class was too easy.
B
The concepts were beyond the author’s understanding.
C
The author lost interest in engineering.
D
The author had a scheduling conflict.
学生答案：B
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分
4
How did the author feel about math after dropping the engineering course?
A
The author became more interested in math.
B
The author developed a hatred for math.
C
The author remained neutral about math.
D
The author decided to major in math.
学生答案：B
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分
5
What event led to the author’s realization that journalism was the right career choice?
A
A conversation with a career counselor.
B
A phone call from the author’s dad.
C
A visit to a newspaper office.
D
A class in journalism.
学生答案：B
老师点评：