《英语(二)》通关宝典
anti-:表示“反”,“反对” antisocial 反社会的
auto-:表示“自己的autobiography 自传bi-: 表 示 “ 二 ” bicycle 自行车
bio-:表示“生物的” biology 生物学
co-:表示“共同” cooperate
第一部分 常用词缀
一、常用前缀
counter- :表示“相反”,“反对” counterattack 反击
de-:表示“除去” defrost 除霜
dis-:表示“不”,“相反” dishonest 不诚实的
e-:表示“因特网上的或使用因特网的” e-business 电子商务
en-:表示“使”,“使处于……状态” enlarge 扩大,endanger 危及
il-:表示否定(用于字母 l 前) illegal 非法的
im-:表示否定(用于字母 m,b 或 p 前) impossible 不可能的
in-:表示否定inactive 不活跃的
ir-:表示否定(用于字母 r 前) irregular 不规则的
inter-:表示“在……之间”,“互相” international 国际的
kilo-:表示“千” kilometre 千米
mid-:表示“中间” midday 中午
mini-:表示“极小的”,“极短的” miniskirt 超短裙
mis-:表示“错误地” misunderstand 误解non-:表示否定nonstop 不停顿的
post-:表示“后”,“以后” postwar 战后的
pre-:表示“在……之前” prewar 战前的
re-:表示“再”,“重新” rewrite 重写
sub-:表示“在……下面” subway 地下铁路
super-:表示“超级” superhero 超级英雄tele-:表示“远距离的” telescope 望远镜
trans-:表示“横穿”,“横贯” transpacific 横越太平洋的
tri-:表示“三” triangle 三角形un-:表示否定
unimportant 不重要的
under-:表示“在……之下”,“不足” underestimate 低估
二、常用后缀
(一)名词后缀
-age
passage 通过
-ance , -ence
assistance 帮助 , dependence 依赖
-ancy , -ency
expectancy 期待 , efficiency 效率
-er, -or
writer 作家,conductor 导体
-hood
childhood 童年
-ion,-tion,-ation
confession 供认,collection 收集,observation 观察
-ian
historian 历史学家,politician 政治家
-ist
artist 艺术家,scientist 科学家
-ment
arrangement 安排,development 发展
-ness
kinctness 仁慈,happiness 高兴
-ology
biology 生物学,psychology 心理学
-ship
friendship 友谊,membership 会员资格
-ty,-ity
cruelty 残忍,punty 纯净
(二)动词后缀
-en
fasten 系牢 ,shorten 缩短
-fy , -ify
satisfv 满足,simplify 简化
-ize , -ise (英)
modernize 使现代化,standardize 使标准化
(三)形容词后缀
-able,-ible,-ble
acceptable 可接受的,divisible 可分的
-al
environmental 环境的,exceptional 例外的
-ful
beautiful 漂亮的,useful 有用的
-ic.-ical
atomic 原子的,economical 节俭的
-ish
bluish 带蓝色的,childish 孩子气的
-ive
attractive 有吸引力的,effective 有效的
-less
careless 粗心的,homeless 无家可归的
-ly
daily 每天的,manly 男子气概的
-ous
dangerous 危险的,famous 著名的
-some
troublesome 讨厌的
-y
dirty 脏的,thirsty 渴的
(四)副词后缀
-ly
completely 完全地,really 真正地
-ward(s)
backward(s)向后,afterward(s)后来
-wise
clockwise 顺时针地,likewise 同样地
第二部分 重点词语及常用搭配
- comparev.比较;对比compared ..与……相比compared to… 比 作 …… beyond compare 无与伦比
- messn.肮脏;杂乱;不整洁be in a mess 乱七八糟,处境狼狈getlnto a mess 陷入困境,遇到麻烦
make a mess of…把……弄糟,搞得一塌糊涂mess up 搞乱,弄脏,弄糟
- sacrificen.牺牲;舍弃
at the sacrifice of 靠牺牲……;以……为代价fall a sacrifice to 成为……的牺牲品
make all sacrifices 不惜牺牲一切4.essence n.本质;实质;精髓be of the essence 至关重要的
in essence 本质上
5.faith n.信任;相信;信心in good faith 真心实意地6.sore n.痛处;伤处;疮
a sore point with sb.令人恼怒的事;令人尴尬的事
- scenen.事件;场面;情景make a scene 发脾气;当众吵闹behind the scenes 秘密地;在幕后on the scene 在场;到场
- alertadj.警觉的;警惕的;戒备的be alert to 充分意识到
on the alert for 保持戒备
- blessingn.好事;有益之事
a blessing in disguise 变相的幸福;塞翁失马,焉知非福
- cornn.玉米
corn on the cob 玉米棒
- brickn.砖;砖块
hit a brick wall/come up against a brick wall 碰壁
- contributev 增加;增进;添加(到某物) contribute to 有助于
- excludev 把……排斥在外;防止……进入;阻止……参加exclude from 拒 (某人)于(某地、活动)之外;不包括14.passion n.强烈情感;激情
have a passion for 酷爱
- soundadj.明智的;合理的;正确的;可靠的safe and sound 安然无恙
- burdenn.(义务、责任等的)重担,负担 bear a burden 承受负担
cast one’s burden on sb.把责任丢给某人drop one’s burden 卸下重担
lay a burden on sb.给某人增加负担share a burden 分担责任
take up a burden 挑起重担
- beliefn.相信,信心declare one’s belief 表明信仰have belief in 信任某人rigid in one’s belief 固执己见
secure in one’s beliefs 坚守自己的信仰stick up for one’ s beliefs 捍卫自己的信仰
shake one’s belief in sth.动摇某人对某事的信念
- affliction n.折磨,痛苦
eat the bread of affliction 遭受痛苦
- specles种,物种strange species 奇特的种类
endangered species 濒临灭绝的物种20.discipline n.自制力;遵守纪律class discipline 班纪
party discipline 党纪school discipline 校规corrupt discipline 败坏风纪
keep/observe discipline 遵守纪律
maintain discipline 维持纪律
violate the law and discipline 违法乱纪
- confrontv.处理,解决(问题或困境) ..with 使……画对;使……面临
- griefn.(尤指由某人去世引起的)悲伤,伤痛,伤心 come to grief 遭受不幸,失败,倒霉
control one ‘s grief 抑制悲痛divide grief 分担忧愁express/feel grief 表示/感到悲伤in grief 感到悲伤
weep with grief 悲泣
grief at/for/over 对……感到悲伤a grief to sb.某人的伤心事
- anguishn.剧痛;极度痛苦;苦恼be in anguish 感到很痛苦
the anguish at 因……而产生的痛苦the anguish over 由……引起的痛苦the anguish of failure 失败的痛苦the anguish of grief 悲痛欲绝24.despair n.绝望
in despair 绝望地
drive sb. to despair 使某人陷于绝望despair of 对……绝望;对……感到担心25.equal v.比得上;敌得过
equal among 在……中相等equal for 在……方面平等
equal in 比得上,等于,在……方面相等的
- conflictn.冲突;争执;争论class conflict 阶级对抗
conflict among/between……之间的冲突conflict of……的冲突
conflict with 与……发生冲突
- posev.造成(威胁、问题等);引起;产生
pose an obstacle to 成为……的障碍pose a threat to 对……构成威胁28.distinguish v.区分;辨别;分清distinguish between…将两者区分开
distinguish from 把一种事物同另一种区别开
- wisdomn.智慧;才智;精明cut one’s wisdom teeth 开始懂事conventional wisdom 群众的意见practical wisdom 世故
be a fount of wisdom 有无穷智慧的,是智慧的源泉
- desirev.渴望;期望
desire one’ s approval 期望得到某人的赞同desire for 希望得到某物
- challengen.挑战;艰巨任务beyond challenge 无与伦比
letter of challenge 挑战书under challenge of 处于……局面with challenge 挑衅
- desperationn.绝望;拼命;铤而走险iri desperation 拼死,无可奈何地
drive sb. to desperation 逼得某人走投无路
- valuev.重视;珍视value…above…把……看得高于…… value…at 估价为
value…for…因……而喜爱或高度评价…
- quotev.引用,引述quote from 引 自 ……
quote in full 引用全文quote in part 引用部分quote out of 摘 自 ……
- inspirationn.鼓舞人心的人(或事物) on/with a sudden inspiration 灵机一动without an inspiration 没有灵感
inspiration to 对……的鼓舞
- contactv.联系,联络
contact sb. about sth.与某人联系某事contact sb. by telephone 用电话联系某人37.imagine v.料想,认为
1maglne as 把 …… 当 作 …… imagine from 根据……想象…… 38.recovery n.恢复;痊愈recovery from 从……中恢复过来
a speedy recover to health 迅速恢复健康
- fare n.车费;船费;飞机票价return fare 往返票价
sectional fare 分段收费minimum fare 最低车费fare register 计费器combined fare 联运票价car fare 交通费
through fare 联运票价,直通票价excursion fare 放游票价
single fare 单程票价full fare 全程票价double fare 来回票价40.recess n.课间休息ln recess 在休会期间at recess 在休息时间
in the innermost recesses of the heart 在内心深处41.allocate v.拨(给);划(给);分配(给) allocate among 在……间分配
allocate for 拨款给……
allocate sb.to sth.分派某人到…… allocate sth. to sb.分配某物给某人42.opt v.选择;挑选
opt out(of sth.)决定退出
opt in(to sth. )决定参加opt in favour of 作出选择
- constraintn.限制;限定;约束constraint on 对……的约束
- budgetv.谨慎花钱;把……编入预算budget one’s incomes 做储蓄计划budget one’s time 安排自己的时间budget for sth.把……列入预算
- mentalityn.心态;思想状况;思想方法business mentality 企业经营理念
tranquilize the mind and promote mentality 宁神益智impairment of mentality 伤志
siege mentality 精神压抑
- indulgev.沉湎,沉迷,沉溺(于……) indulge with sth.用……纵容某人indulge in 任 凭 …… 沉 溺 于 …… 47.rationing n.定量配给政策;配给制food rationing 食物(定量)配给rationing transaction 配额交易
rationing of exchange 外汇配给exchange rationing system 外汇配给制overall rationing system 包干制
48.principle n.观念;(行动、思想的)理由,信条 moral principle 道德准则
Three Principles of People 三民主义49.differentiate v.区分;区别;辨别differentiate between…and…区分两者differentiate…from.将……与……区分开differentiate into…区分为……种50.inculcate v.反复灌输,谆谆教诲inculcate sth. in/into sb.教导其人…… inculcate sb. with sth. 教 导 某 人 …… 51.temptation n.引诱;诱惑
face/resist/overcome temptation 画对/抵抗/战胜诱惑fall into the temptation 受到诱惑
52.scheme n.计划;方案;体系;体制carrr out a scheme 实行计划
devise a scheme 策划一个方案mature scheme 成熟的计划traitorous scheme 奸计53.greedy adj.贪婪的;贪心的be greedy of/for sth.贪图某物be greedy for 迫切渴望
54.abundant adj.大量的;丰盛的;充裕的be abundant in 富有,有很多
be abundant with 富有,有很多,……很丰富55.donate 秒.(尤其指向慈善机构)捐赠,赠送 donate to…向……捐赠
- charityn.慈善机构(或组织) accept charity 接受施舍
contribute to a charity 向一家慈善机构进行捐助international charity 国际慈善机构
- oppositen.对立的人(或物);对立面;反面 opposite to 与……面对面
- economyn.经济;经济情况;经济结构economy classes 经济舱
agricultural economy 农业经济
- labelv.(尤指不公正地)把……称为 label /sth. as sth.将某人/某物归为…… 60.Hesitation n.犹豫
have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事
- wonderv.想知道;想弄明白;琢磨make wonder 让某人遐想
wonder about 对……感到奇怪;对……感到疑惑
- promptv.促使;导致;激起prompt to do sth.促使某人做某事
- rollv.(使)翻滚,滚动 roll to and fro 来回滚动
roll into 卷成,使合为一体;滚进
roll up 卷起;累积;到达;袅袅上升;步履蹒跚roll down 滚下
- wipev.(用布、手等)擦干净,抹掉 wipe up 擦干净;擦掉
wipe sth. clean 擦干净
wipe out sth.彻底消灭或摧毁某物65.address v.写(收信人)姓名地址;致函address oneself to sth.从事于
address sth. to sb.把某物寄给某人
66.attach v.把……固定,把……附(在……上) attach to 依附,附属;加入;使依恋;把……放在67.emotion n.强烈的感情;情感;情绪
with emotion 激动地;感动地emotion quotient(EQ)情商
- overwhelming巨大的;压倒性的;无法抗拒的overwhelming superiority 绝对优势
- screamv.高声喊,大声叫scream for 强烈要求;为……而尖叫scream out 大叫;尖声喊叫70.fortune n.大笔的钱;巨款good fortune 好财运,好运;顺境make afortune 发财,赚大钱
a small fortune [口]一笔巨款;很多钱fame and fortune 名声与财富
71.radiate v.(使品质或感情)显出,流露 radiate from 从……发出,流露出72.inoculate v.(给……)接种,打预防针 inoculate sb. against sth.给……接种,打预防针inoculate with 灌输
- distraughtadj.心烦意乱的;心急如焚的
be distraught at 对……感到心烦意乱
- receptionn.接待处
reception desk 接待处(等于 front desk)
- wrap v.用……缠绕(或围紧)
wrap (sb.) up 伪装;使全神贯注;穿暖和的衣服
- explanationn.解释;说明in explanation of 对……进行解释77.adapt v.适应(新情况)
adapt to sth.(使)适合;(使)适应 adapt for 调整,使适合于;为……改编78.fulfill v.实现
fulfill oneself 完全实现自己的抱负79.cease v.(使)停止,终止,结束 cease to be 不再是;停任
without cease 不停地,不断地cease from 停止
80.obstacle n.障碍;阻碍;绊脚石obstacle course 超越障碍训练场81.trick n.戏法;把戏
do the trick 获得成功
trick or treat 不招待就使坏(指万圣节孩子们挨家逐户要糖果等礼物,如不遂愿便恶作剧一番的风俗)
hat trick 帽子戏法(指连入三球),(板球)连中三柱 play a trick 搞恶作剧,捉弄
dirty tnick 卑鄙手段82.define v.阐明;明确;界定define as 解释为
- recallv.记起;回忆起;回想起beyond recall 不可挽回;不能记起recall from 从……处召回
recall to mind 回想起,回忆起,记得
- possession n.具有;拥有
in possession of sth.拥有(或占有)某物
take possession of 占有;占领
in the possession of 被某人占有;属于……;为……所有give possession 使完全占有;转交所有权;给予引渡come into possession of 占有某物,拥有
- punchv.拳打;以拳痛击kick and punch 拳打脚踢86.instant adj.立刻的;立即的
instant food 方便食品;即食食品;速浴食品87.introduce v.推行;实施;采用introduce into 引进
- negativen.否定;拒绝;否定词
in the negatlve 表示否定或拒绝的,否定的(一般用于正式的公文中)
- positiven.良好的;正面的;肯定的
make positive suggestions/proposals 提出积极的意见/建议
- despairn.绝望;失去希望;丧失信心despair 在绝望之中
out of despair 出于绝望fall into despair 陷入绝望
drive sb. to despair 逼得某人走投无路
- pettyadj.小的;琐碎的petty official 小官吏
petty minds 小心眼儿92.lane n.跑道,泳道fast lane 快车道
bus lane 公共汽车专用车道93.spot n.地点;场所;处所on the spot 当即,当场,在现场hot spot 热点
- symbolizev.象征;是……的象征;代表
symbolize sth./sb. ( with/as sth.)用……代表某事物/某人
- toughadj.艰苦的;艰难的;棘手的a tough job 棘手的工作
have a tough time of it 日子不好过
a tough game/assignment/journey 艰苦的比赛/困难的任务/艰辛的旅程
- arisev.发生;产生;出现
arise out of/arise from 由……而引起,由……而产生;从……中产生
- obstaclen.障碍;困难;阻碍
a senous obstacle to 对…的严重阻碍
throw obstacles in sb’ s way 妨害,阻碍某人
- lostadj.不知所措的;一筹莫展的lost souls 迷失的灵魂
a lost generation 迷惘的一代
- yardn.码by the yard 大量地
yard by yard 一码一码地
- inchn.英寸,少量
inch by inch 逐步地;一点一点地by inches 差一点儿;几乎
every inch 整个地方
- stricken受煎熬的;患病的;遭受挫折的
be stricken by/with sth.经受……(指坏事,如疾病、悲痛)之苦的a stricken area 灾区
be stricken with poverty 受贫困的折磨102.tuck v.把……塞进狭窄的空间;把……藏入tuck sth. into sth.把……塞进/藏到……里面
tuck sth. in/up 把东西藏好tuck in 尽情吃
tuck sth. away 把……藏起来
103.chin n.下巴
take it on the chin 勇敢忍受不幸;坦然接受灾祸keep one’s chin up(非正式)不气馁,不灰心104.proceed v.接着做;继续做
proceed to do sth.接着做某事proceed with sth.继续某事
- figurev.认为,认定(某事将发生或属实);估计
figure on 计划;指望figure out 弄明白;理解
- outburstn.(感情的)爆发,迸发 an outburst of laughter 一阵大笑
an outburst of anger 勃然大怒107.applause n.鼓掌;喝彩a round of applause 一阵掌声win applause 赢得掌声
108.shaky adj.不稳固的;不牢靠的;摇晃的shaky hands 颤抖的手
a shaky voice 颤抖的声音109.proclaim v.宣布;宣告;声明proclaim sth 宣告某事
proclaim that 声称
- arrangementn.安排;筹备
make arrangement for 为……做安排,为……做准备
- expensen.费用;价钱
at someone’s expense 由某人付费;由某人承担费用extra expense 额外费用
at the expense of 以……为代价;忽视fixed expense 固定费用112.commute n.上下班路程
a short commute to work 很短的上班路程commute to 到某地去
commute from 离开某地
commute between A and B 往返于 A、B 两地
- switch v.(使)改变,转变switch to 转换到
switch from…to…从……变换/转移到… 114.majority n.大部分;大多数the majority of 大多数…
be in the majority 构成大部分,占大多数
- weanv.使逐渐戒除恶习(或避免依赖……)
wean sb. (away) from sth./doingsth.使某人不继续做某事
- dependence依靠,依赖,依存dependence on 依靠,依赖117.exception n.例外的事物;规则的例外exception to 例外情况
no exception 毫无例外
without exception 毫无例外地,一律118.resource n.资源;财力natural resources 自然资源
pool the resources 集中资源119.ease n.舒适;安逸;自在ease 容易地;无困难地
(be/feel) at one’s ease 轻松自在;舒适,无忧虑120.advantage n.有利条件;有利因素;优势have an advantage over 胜过
have the advantage of 由于……处于有利条件take advantage of 利用
to advantage 有效地,出色地,使优点突出121.guts n.勇气;胆量;决心;毅力have guts to do sth.有胆量去做某事122.transit n.运输;运送;搬运;载运in transit 在运输中
transit trade 转口贸易
- heedv.留心;注意;听从(劝告或警告) heed a warning 注意警告
- varietyn.(同一事物的)不同种类,多种样式 a variety of 种种,各种
- intimacy 亲密,亲密关系beon terms of intimacy 亲密126.perceive v.将……视为;认为be perceived as 被认为是…
perceive sb. doing sth.觉察到某人正做某事
- varyv.相异;不同
vary with 随……变动
var from…to…从……变成……
- conveyv.表达,传递(思想、感情等) convey sth. to someplace 把……运送到某处convey one’s feelings 表达情感129.polish v.修改;润饰;润色
polish up 润色,改善polish away 擦去
polish off 干完;击倒;除掉
- intellectn.(尤指高等的)智力,思维逻辑领悟力 have a giant intellect 才智过人
- appearancen.外貌,外表
by all appearances 从外表看来;显然keep up appearances 装样子;撑场面132.intensity n.剧烈;紧张;强烈
go mad at the intensity of one’s gnief 因悲伤过度而发疯133.suspect v.疑有,觉得(尤指坏事可能属实或发生) suspect sb. of doing sth.怀疑某人做某事134.determine v.决定
cietermine to do sth.决定做某事
be largely determined by 很大程度上由……决定
- extractv.选取;摘录;选录extract sth. from a place 以某地取出某物
- confession认罪;供认;坦白have a confession to make 有……要坦白137.evolve v.(使)逐渐形成,逐步发展 evolve from 从……演变而来
- accessn.通道;通路;入径give access to 接见;准许出入
have/gain/get/obtain access to 接近;进入;使用
- optionn.可选择的事物
have no option but to (do)除了……以外没有他法,只好
leave one’ s options open 不做选择;不表态;不做承诺;留有回旋余地
make one s option 进行选择140.impatient adj.不耐烦的,没有耐心的get impatient about 为某事烦躁
be impatient for 急切地盼望
- evidencev.证明,表明be evidenced by 被某事证明
- reliant依赖性的;依靠的be wholly reliant on 完全依赖于143.shuffle v.拖着脚走
shuffle one’s feet along 拖着脚步走144.crack v.找到解决(难题等的)方法crack on 继续干;抓紧时间干
crack down 采取严厉措施,制裁;打击
- respiten.暂停;暂缓give a respite 让某人稍事休息without respite 不停歇,持续
- grateful 感激的;表示感谢的
be grateful to sb.for doing sth.对某人做某事表示感谢extend one’s grateful thanks to sb.对某人致以衷心的感谢147.refresh v.使恢复精力;使凉爽
refresh one’s memory 使某人记起;唤起某人的记忆148.empower v.增加(某人的)自主权;使控制局势empower sb. to do sth.给某人做某事的权力149.justify v.对……作出解释;为……辩解(或辩护) justify oneself 为某人自己辩解
justify one’s claims 为某人的要求辩解justify one’s actions 为某人的行为辩解justify one’s behavior 为某人的行为辩解
- awareness知道;认识;意识
have an awareness of doing sth.有做某事的意识increase one’s awareness 提高某人的意识
- adjustv.适应;习惯adjust to 适应
- worthwhile重要的;令人愉快的;有趣的;值得花时间(或金钱、努力等)的be worthwhile doing sth.值得做某事
- prejudicen.偏见;成见
without prejudice to 无损于;没有对……造成不利;没有对……带来改变have a prejudice against 对……有偏见
- independent自立的;自食其力的independent of 相互独立的;彼此不关联的155.capable adj.有能力的;有才能的
be capable of doing sth.有能力做某事;能够做某事
- applyto 使用;应用
第三部分 核心短语
The convention does not apply to us.这条惯例对我们不适用。
His project is concerned with applying the technology to practical business problems.他的项目关系到将这项技术应用于实际的商务问题。
- putforth 提出;产生
The scientist put forth the new theory of evolution.这位科学家提出了进化的新理论。
- take……intoaccount 考虑到 ;顾及
Urban planners in practice have to take many interest groups in society into account. 城市规划人员在实际工作中必须把社会各利益集团都考虑在内。
- carryout 完成(任务)
They carried out their plan without difficulty.他们顺利完成了计划。Police believe the attacks were camed out by nationalists.
警方认为袭击是民族主义分子发动的。
- beup to 取决于
It’ s up to you to decide whether you go or not.去还是不去,任你决定。
- havean impact on/upon 对……产生巨大影响
The meeting will have a great impact on the future of the country 此次会议将对国家的未来产生巨大影响。7.be in control of 掌管;管理;控制
She may be old,but she’s still in control of all matters.尽管她已经老了,但是她仍掌管一切事情。
- inthis manner 用这种方式
Please do it in this manner.请按照这种方式来做。
1 wish you wouldn’t behave in this manner.我希望你不要以这种方式行事。
- ..apartfrom 区别;使与众不同
Her bright red scarf set her apart from the other girls.她那鲜红的围巾使她在其他女孩中间显得特别引人注目。
- fromscratch 从头开始;从零开始
Building a home from scratch can be both exciting and challenging.从头开始创建家园既让人兴奋又富于挑战。
Hong Kong’s manufacturing industry did not start from scratch in the post-war period. 战后,香港制造业的兴起并非从零开始。
- run outof 用完;耗尽
He has run out of food; his children are hungry.他家揭不开锅了,孩子们都饿了。
12. stay up 熬夜
I am going to stay up late to finish my paper.为了完成报告我打算熬夜。
- stick by坚持忠于;不离不弃(某人)
He is the kind of friends who stuck by me during the difficult times.他是那种在困难时继续支持我的朋友。
I made my decision then and stuck by it.我当时做了决定,而且坚持这个决定。
- throughthick and thin 不畏艰难险阻
I’ll always stand by you through thick and thin.在任何情况下我都与你同甘共苦。
- leadto 导致,造成(后果)
Heart failure led to her father’s death.心力衰竭导致她父亲死亡。
Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.过量的工作和过少的休息会引发疾病。
16.a multitude of 众多的;大量的
Although businesses fail for a multitude of reasons,the underlying issues are surprisingly common.虽然公司的失败会有众多原因,不过其根本问题却惊人地相似。
A multitude of people gathered at the gate of the exhibition hall.一大群人聚集在展览大厅的门口。
- engagein(使)从事,参加
Politicians should not engage in business affairs that might affect their political judgment.政治家不应该参与那些可能会影响其政治判断力的商业事务。
I don’t engage myself in such affairs.我不参与这种事情。
18. in essence 上
He is in essence a reclusive sort.他本质上具有一种隐士的气质。
The two things are the same in outward form but different in essence.那两样东西在外表上相同,但在本质上不同。
19. turn against 背叛
The minister has turned against his former colleagues.该部长和他过去的同事反目成仇了。
Even those who are once for him begin to turn against him.连那些原来支持他的人也开始反对他了。
20. be prone to 易于
He was prone to anger.他易发怒。
Without enough stress,you’ re unlikely to give your full effott and you may also be prone to make mistakes.如果压力不够,你就不会付出百分百的努力,而且也很可能会犯错误。
- standby 支持;帮助;忠于
I would’t break the law for a friend,but I would stand by her if she did.我不会为朋友而违法,但如果她犯了法我会继续支持她。
- fallto pieces 崩溃;倒塌;解体
Likewise,some tents last for a long time whereas others fall to pieces rapidly.同样,有些帐篷能维持很久,而另一些则很快倒塌破碎。
- bringin 嫌得;挣
I have three part-time jobs, which bring in about $24,OOO a year.我有 3 份兼职工作, 一年能赚大约 2.4 万美元。
- ekeout a living 竭力维持生计;勉强度日
North Koreans certainly struggle to eke out a living,but they are not starving.朝鲜人毫无疑问是在挣扎着生存,但是,他们并非正在被饿死。
In old China workers and peasants could hardly eke out a living,let alone send their children to school.在旧中国,工人和农民连生活都难以维持,更谈不上送子女上学了。25.sink in 被完全理解;被充分意识到
The implication took a while to sink in.这个含意过了一会儿才被领会。
Everybody laughed at the joke but Joe,it took a moment for it to sink in before he laughed too.除了乔每个人都被这笑话逗乐了,过了一会儿他完全理解过来便也笑了。26.look forward to(高兴地)盼望;期待
He was looking forward to working with the new manager.他很期待和新经理一起工作。
- overand over again 乡次;反复地;一再
Vary your routes and work-outs,so you re not doing the same runs over and over again.改变你的路线和训练,那样你就不会一遍又一遍地做着相同的事情。
They sing it over and over again in the parade there and they talk about it.他们在游行队伍里一遍遍地唱这首歌并且处处谈论它。
- beprepared for 准备好;有所准备
The doctor had to warn her,she must be prepared for the worst.医生不得不警告她,她必须做最坏的准备。
We must be prepared for all contingencies.我们要做好各种准备,以防意外。
- believein 认为某事好(对或可接受)
I believe in fresh air and exercise for my health.我相信新鲜空气和锻炼对我身体有益。
- liein 存在;在于
Its virtue resides in its clarity and brevity. 它的优点在于清晰、简洁。
The cure for stress lies in learning to relax.消除紧张的方法在于学会放松。
- bargain for预料到;料想到
The effects of this policy were more than the govemment had bargained for.这项政策的影响超出了政府的预料。
I did not bargain for John arriving so soon.我没想到约翰会这么快到达。
32. be/feel privileged to do 荣幸地
“I feel privileged to have hung out and worked with Michael,”he said.他说:“我很荣幸曾和迈克尔相处、共事。”
I’ 11 be privileged to finish my career at Liverpool.我将有机会在利物浦结束我的职业生涯。
33. bring…to the table 带来好处
The new manager has a lot of international experience to bring to the table. 新任的经理可以提供许多国际性的经验。
- at/in/tothe forefront ..处在最前列;进入重要地位
Shenhua is once again at the forefront of development.申花再次站在了发展的最前线. Presently,we’re at the forefront of high technology.现在,我们处于高科技的最前沿。35.in plain sight 显而易见
The past is filled with incredible mysteries. The clues to solving them are all around, hidden in plain sight.过去充满难以置信的秘密,而解开它们所需的线索就在我们周围,隐藏
在显而易见的事实当中。
Bulks of plastic bags are in plain sight in stark defiance to the ban,giving shoppers an easy choice.大量塑料袋完全被放在显而易见的地方,这是公然对抗禁令,给顾客一个必然的选择。
- ..up安排;组织
The church is getting up a sale to collect money for the homeless children.教堂正在筹划一次义卖.为无家可归的孩子筹款。
37. seek out 寻求
Now it is time for local companies to seek out business opportunities in Europe.现在是当地公司在欧洲寻求商机的时候了。
Seek out those new problems,and set your mind free in search of new solutions.找出那些新问题,解放思想,探索新的解决办法。
- inplace 在工作;准备就绪
The arrangements for the concert next Saturday are all in place.下周六的音乐会已经准备就绪。
- applyfor(通常以书面形式)申请,请求
She applied to the manager for a job as clerk.她向经理申请一份办事员的工作。He applied for a fellowship.他申请入会。
40. moan about 抱怨
He moaned about his misfortunes to anyone who would listen.他向每一个愿意听的人抱怨他的不幸。
What is he moaning about?他在发什么牢骚?
41.a series of 一系列;连续
This event is part of a series of Development Debates designed by the World Bank Institute.此次研讨会是世界银行学院设计的“发展大辩论”的系列活动之一。
The theory is based on a series of wrong assumptions.这一理论是以一系列错误的设想为依据的。
42. because of 因为
Many motorists were forced to stop over in that town because of floods。由于发大水,许多开车旅游的人被迫停留在那个镇上了。
I love you not because of who you are,but because of who I am when I am with you. 我爱你,不是因为你是一个样的人,而是因为我喜欢与你在一起时的感觉。
43. as well as 除……之外
He as well as I is responsible for it.不但是我,他对这件事也有责任。
A teacher should entertain as well as teach.教师不仅要教书,也要引起学生的兴趣。
- cuttingedge(处于某事物发展的)尖端,最前领先阶段
This shipyard is at the cutting edge of world shipbuilding technology.该造船厂的造船技术处于世界最前沿。
- callforth 引起;使产生
The shopping centre has called forth an angry response from local residents.这个购物中心已经引起了当地居民的愤怒的反应。
- startover 重新开始
If everything in my life exploded, what kind of life would I have if I had to start over? 若我失去了生活中的每件东西,在重新开始时我会选择怎样的生活呢?
- onone‘s feet(陷入困境后)恢复,完全复原;(病后)痊愈
This medicine will help to set you on your feet.这种药能帮你恢复健康。
Sadness does not disappear overnight;it takes time to get back on one’s feet.恙伤不是一夜之间就能消失不见的,重新振作起来需要时间。
- strugglewith 斗争;抗争
The old man has been struggling with illness.这位老人一直与病魔斗争。
Some people never reallv master the art of being patient,and at times , all of us struggle with being patient.有些人并没有真正地掌握忍耐的艺术,我们所有人都在努力变得有耐心。
- walkout on 遗弃,抛弃,离开(某人)
You can’t just walk out on us like this.你不能就这样丢下我们就走了。
- bringabout 导致,引起
What brought about the change in his attitude?是什么使他改变了态度?
- fightback 奋力抵抗;还击
I gave an impassioned plea for the Democrats to fight back in the face of Republican attack ads.我热烈地呼吁民主党人要对共和党人的攻击性广告发起回击。
When you feel that someone is threatening your existence,you fight back to save yourself.当你感觉有人威胁到你的生存时,你会反击以拯救自己。
52. on a daily basis 每日地
Studies show that the average person experiences paranoia on a daily basis.研究表明普通人每天都会有一些胡思乱想的体验。
He gets paid on a daily basis.他的工资按日结算。
53. result in 导致
When you do something with faith, it will result in success. 当你有信心地去做某事时,你就会成功。
- payoff 付清;偿清
If you only pay minimum payments every time,you will be old and gray before you pay off the debt.如果你每次只偿还最低量,那你直到老的时候才会还清所有的债务。Will the investment of time and effort pay off?时间和精力方面的投入能否得到回报?
55. within one’s means 量入为出
Balancing accounts by always keeping expenditures within our means is an important principle we should follow in our economic work.坚持财政收支平衡和量入为出,是经济工作应当遵循的重要原则。
- ..ingood stead(需要时)对某人有用,对某人有利
Some work experienc,e will stand you in good stead.积累点工作经验对你有好处。
- deep down实际上;在心底
Deep down,she was still a rebel.她实质上仍是个叛逆者。
She seemns indifferent, but deep down she’s very pleased.她貌似无动于衷,其实心里非常高兴。
- openup(使某事物)成为可能,可得到,可达到
They decided to open up the island for cultivation.他们决定开发这个岛来耕种。
The book will open up to readers new vistas on economic thinking.这本书将为读者展现经济思想的新远景。
- outof context 脱离上下文,断章取义
His heart bled over certain phrases taken out of context. 这几句断章取义的话好像很伤他的心。
- go withthe flow 随波逐流,顺其自然
Sometimes you just can’t go with the flow and jump on the wagon.有时候你就是不能随波逐流,跟着大家走。
61. break down 失败
Why did the peace talks break down?为什么和谈失败了?
In complex,dynamic environments such as software development,this approach tends to break down.像在软件开发这样复杂的动态环境下,这种方式容易失败。
- comeup with 找到(答案等)
How do you come up with your jokes?你是怎么想出那些笑话来的?
As a professor,you could come up with absolute solutions.作为一名教师,你可以想出彻底的解决方案。
- indesperation 在绝望中;走投无路
In desperation,he decided to go back to London.在绝望中,他决定还是回伦敦去。She cried at length,in desperation,her large eyes staring at him like those of a wild
animal.她终于喊叫起来,在绝望之中,她的一双大眼睛就像野兽的眼睛一样,直直地瞪着他。
- careabout sb.关心;关怀
We often pardon our beloveds’ faults because we care about them.我们经常因为对爱人在意而原谅他们的缺点。
People don’t care about you if you only care about yourself.你如果只关心自己,那你就很难得到人们的关心。
65. take a chance 冒险
If you find yourself avoiding new opportunities and disregarding problems,it’s time to take a chance.如果你发现自己正在回避新的机遇,或逃避问题,这时就该冒险了。Sometimes you just have to take a chance, and correct your mistakes as you go along. 有时候你必须冒险一试,有错误则边发现边改正。
- makea difference 有作用;产生影响
Eating habit makes a difference to your everyday life.饮食习惯对你每天的生活有影响。Your support will certainly make a difference in my cause.你的支持肯定对我的事业很有影响。
- makea hit 给(某人)留下很好的第一印象;使(某人)一见钟情
You really make a hit in the sports meeting.你在运动会上的表现给大家留下了很好的第一印象。
The first and foremost thing is to let people make a hit on the city at first sight,attracting them by its unique image.首先要着手做的第一件事,也是最重要的事情就是让人们对这个城市一见钟情,以城市自己独特的形象吸引他们。
- asluck would have it 碰巧;偶然;幸而
As luck would have it,some skater shoved me.so I ended up pushing Carl.碰巧有个溜冰的人撞到我,结果使我推了卡尔一把。
As luck would have it,no one was in the building when the explosion happened.真幸运,发生爆炸时大楼里刚巧没有人。
- becharacteristic of 典型的;独特的;特有的
It’ s characteristic of her that she never complained.从不发牢骚是她的特性。
Isabel was a tall girl with the oval face,straight nose,fine eyes and full mouth that appeared to be characteristic of the family.伊沙贝尔是个身材高挑、椭圆脸、直鼻梁、眉清目秀、嘴巴丰满的姑娘。这一切看来都是她家族的特征。
- strikeup(和某人)建立友谊,开始来往,交谈起来
The mere subject of the book or magazine might help strike up a conversation.哪怕是关于书本或杂志的微小话题,也可能帮助大家打开话匣子。
Check out their websites -even strike up a conversation with the author if you feel like it,去作者的网站看看,如果你愿意的话,甚至还可以和作者聊一聊。
- joinin 参加,加入(活动)
I like to watch a group or activity for a while before I join in.在我加入某群人或某项活动之前,我会先站到一边看一会儿。
Once you start doing something,then others will likely join in and you’ll be amazed at how your efforts will snowball 一旦你开始做某事,其他人就可能会加入你,而你会惊讶于自己的努力像雪球一样越滚越大。
- convert……into(使)转变,转换,转化
The results may pave the way for the development of new therapies to“conver cancer into a controllable chronic disease” ,write the researchers.研究人员称,该结果可能为研究新疗法铺平道路,将“使癌症转变成一种可控制的慢性疾病”。
Soil amelioration and ample supply of nutrients in the form of fertilizers are needed to convert poor soils into productive agricultural land.要使这些贫瘠的土壤转变成具有农业生产力的土壤需要进行土壤改良并施加足够的肥料。
73.a walk of life 行业;职业;地位;阶层
She did not want her son to marry a girl in a different walk of life.她不希望儿子和一个门不当户不对的姑娘结婚。
During my twenty years ‘work,l met people from all walks of life. 20 午的职业生涯中, 我接触了各行各业的人。
74. major in 主修
I major in engineering,but this machine is hard to handle for me.虽然我学的是机电专业,但这机器对我来说,还是很难操作。
Even today,more men major in math than do women.即便在今天,学数学的男生还是多于女生。
- stressthe importance of 强调……的重要性
There is no neecl for me to stress the importance of selfesteem here.在这儿我没有必要
强调自尊的重要性。
The policy document does stress the importance of dialogue between Seoul and Pyongyang.这份政策文件的确强调了首尔与平壤对话的重要性。
- atone’s disposal 任某人处理;供某人任意使用
One of the downfalls of being in afield that has so many resources available online is that it’s easy to forget about all of the great offline resources at vour disposa1.做这行一个不好的地方就是,网上有太多的资源以致忘记了网下还有丰富的资源任你使用。There’s no way of representing architectural structures directly using the technologies we have at our disposal.我们手头的技术还不能直接地展示建筑结构。
- pokefun at 拿……开心;奚落;嘲笑
You shouldn’t poke fun at him just because he can’t ride a bicycle.你不应该只是因为他不会骑车就取笑他。
We all poke fun at her because she wears such a strange hat.我们大家都笑她戴这么一顶古怪的帽子。
- showoff 炫耀;卖弄
He shows off but only shows up his ignorance.他的卖弄只不过暴露了他自己的无知。She did a quick twirl to show off her dress.她轻快地一转身,炫耀自己所穿的衣服。
79. biological mother 生母
He was eager to know who was his biological mother.他迫切想知道他的生母是谁。Jobs and Simpson first met in 1986, after 31-year-old Jobs reunited with his biological mother. 31 岁的乔布斯和生母重聚后,又和辛普森在 1986 年首次见面。
- meetone’s expectations 符合某人的期望
If these deals meet KKR’s expectations,at least one industry watcher thinks they’ll loe exceptions.至少有一位行业观察人士认为,即使上述交易的投资回报符合 KKR 的预期,那也只是特例。
She has a strong tendency to blame herself and to try and meet everyone else’s expectations,which is one reason she is so depressed.她有很强烈的自责倾向,并且总是努力想要满足所有人的期望,这也是导致她如此沮丧的原因之一。
- drop out退学;辍学
The boys lived,but the illness induced by their exposure to poison gas forced them to drop out of school.这些男孩活了下来,但是毒气造成的疾病让他们被迫退学。
Some of them drop out,rejecting any social responsibility,leading a parasitic life.他们当中的有些人脱离传统的社会活动,拒绝承担任何社会责任,过着颓废的寄生生活。
- inmemory of 作为对……的纪念
The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.这个博物馆是为了纪念那位著名的科学家而建立的。
She set up an educational fund in memory of her mother. 她为了纪念她母亲而设立了一个教育基金会。
- dwellon 老是想着(尤指最好忘记的事)
High achievers dwell on what they can do well-and spend very little time evaluating themselves and their performances.成功人士会细想他们能做好什么——并且花很少的时间去评价自己和自己的表现。
- turnout 原来是;证明是;结果是
Unfortunately they do not turn out to be more creative;they only feel that way.不幸的是,他们最终并没有更具创造力;那只是他们的感觉而已。
If Spain falls into c,risis,then all current mechanisms for dealing with the crisis will turn out to be inadequate.女口果西班牙陷入危机,那么所有当前的危机处理机制都是不
够的。
- endup 最终成为;最后处于
If you continue to steal you’ 11 end up in prison.你要是继续行窈终归得进监狱。
At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing.最初他拒不承认有任何责任,到头来还是道了歉。
- keepup with(与……)齐步前进;并驾齐驱;跟上
Workers’ incomes are not keeping up with inflation.工人的收入赶不上通货膨胀。She likes to keep up with the latest fashion.她喜欢紧跟时尚。
- get over解决;克服;控制
“ How would they get over that problem?” he wondered.“他们会怎么解决那个问题?”他寻思着。
I hope you’ll get over being angry.我希望你克制住,不要生气。
- wearout 使疲乏;使筋疲力尽;使厌烦
The effect of the continuous attacks has been to wear out his troops.接连不断的攻击就是要拖垮他的军队。
It is better to wear out than rust out.与其懒死,不如累死。
- with ease轻而易举地
They gained the game with ease.他们很轻松地赢得了这场比赛
They are expected to win the election with ease.预计他们在竞选中能够轻易获胜。
- makeit 获得成功;做到
He’s never really made it as an actor.他当演员从未有所成就。
He poured in every ounce of power but couldn’ t make it.他竭尽了全力却无济于事。
- fallover 被……绊倒;几乎被……绊倒
He ran up the top of the hill,only to fall over the rock. 他跑向山顶,却被那块岩石绊倒在地。
He began to fall over his own feet.他开始踉跄地摔倒。
- lookback on 回首往事;回忆;回顾
I still shudder when I look back on the past.想起过去,我仍然不寒而栗。
She can look back on her life with great satisfaction.她回顾自己的生活觉得心满意足。
- with theaid of 在……的帮助下
With the aid of a compass the traveler can find his bearings.借助罗盘,旅行者可以找到自己所处的方位。
He walks with the aid of a heavy stick.他靠着一根笨重的手杖走路。
- makeone’s way 去;前往;到……地方去I’ll make my way home now.我要回家了。
He tries to make his way in life.他尽力在生活中有所成就。
- go off突然发出巨响
The firecracker didn’ t go off.爆竹没响。
Then the fire alarm went off. I just grabbed my clothes and ran out.当时火险警报器响了,我一把抓起衣服就往外跑。
- atone point 在某个时刻
He became very depressed and even got suicidal at one point.他变得十分消沉,甚至一度想自杀。
At one point,it seemed that the plane would fall apart in the shaking.在某个时刻,飞机看来就要被震碎了。
- allof a sudden 突然;猛地
All of a sudden he tumed about and saw me.他突然转过身来看见了我。The wind dropped all of a sudden.风突然停了下来。
- go wrong出毛病,发生故障;遇到麻烦
The television has gone wrong again.电视机又出毛病了。
Surely you won’t go wrong if you follow his advice.听他的话,你就肯定不会出错。
- benddown 弯腰,俯身
Can you bend down and touch your toes without bending your knees?你能弯下腰,不屈膝摸着你的足趾吗?
I bend down one more time to say good-bye.我再次俯下身来道别。
- baskin 晒太阳;取暖
Turtles like to bask in the sun.海龟喜欢晒太阳。
- accountfor (数量上、比例上)占
These products,in total,account for about 80% of all our sales.这些产品总共约占我们全部销售额的 80%.
Computers account for 5% of the country’s commercial electricity consumption.讣算机用电占去该国商业用电的 5%。
- bereliant upon 依赖;依靠
These people are not wholly reliant upon/on Western charity.这些人并非完全依赖西方慈善团体。
The service has become heavily reliant on/upon government support.这项服务变得高度依赖政府扶持。
- beattributed to 把……归因于;认为……是由于
The car accident was attributed to faulty brakes.这次车祸被认为是刹车失灵造成的。Her success was attributed to hard work and a bit of luck.她的成功归功于勤奋加一点儿运气。
- saveup 攒钱;储存钱
You’d better save up s.ome money for your old age.你最好积蓄些钱以防老。I’ll have to get something else and save up.我得找些别的事情做,攒起钱来。105.pick up 让人乘车;搭载
I’11 pick you up at 7 o’clock.七点钟我开车来接你。
He picked up a hitch-hiker.他中途让一个搭便车的人上了车。
- byand large 大体上;总体上
By and large,women can bear pain better than men.一般来说,女人比男人更能忍受痛苦。This practice is not good by and large.一般说来,这种做法并不太好。
107. conduct oneself 举止;表现
How did the prisoner conduct himself?那个犯人表现得如何?
No matter in what place or at what ti.me,it is all the most important to conduct oneself.不管在什么地方,什么时候,做人都是最重要的。
- inpublic 公开地;在别人(尤指生人)面前
It’s bad manners to pick one’s teeth in public.在公共场合剔牙很失礼。The man showed off his wealth in public.那人公开炫耀自己的财富。109.save on 节省;节约
I think shopping at the supermarket can save ( on) time and money. 我认为在超级市场采购可以省时省钱。
If we all go in one car,we’ll save on petrol.如果我们大家挤在一辆车里,就可以节省汽油。
- keeptabs on 监视;密切注视
Some of Europe’s top clubs will send their scouts to keep tabs on the international player.一些欧洲豪门俱乐部会派遣他们的球探密切关注这位国际球员。
Let’s keep close tabs on expenditures.让我们密切注意开支情况。
111. God/Heaven/Lord forbid(that)但愿这事不发生
God forbid that I should ever have to work with him again.但愿我不必再与他共事。God forbid that he should injure you!但愿他不会伤害你!
- headover heels in love 深深地爱着某人;迷恋
Tom was soon head over heels in love with her.汤姆很快就爱上了她,而且为之倾倒。
I have been head over heels in love with a wonderful woman.我已不能自拔地爱上了一个出色的女人。
113. butterflies in the stomach 心里七上八下
When he was assigned to interview the President,he had butterflies in his stomach.当被安排采访总统时,他心里七上八下的。
I could feel the butterflies in my stomach as I waited.在等待的时候我非常紧张。
- ..of…剥夺;使丧失
The accident deprived her of her life.那场事故夺去了她的生命。
That law deprived me of my most basic rights.那条法律把我最基本的权利都剥夺了。
- becomeaccustomed ..习惯于……
The panda has long become accustomed to the huge crowds of visitors.大熊猫对人山人海的参观者已经习以为常了。
His new office lacked the spaciousness that he had become accustomed to.他的新办公室没有他已经习惯的那种宽敞的空间。
116. take up 占去
The job took up most of Sunday.这项工作占用了大半个星期天。
The entire memo took up all of’two pages.整个备忘录写了满满两页纸。
117. in this respect 在这方面
We have had many lessons in this respect.这方面我们有过不少教训。
We have suffered some setbacks in this respect.在这一方面我们遭受了一些挫折。
- ..tolight 揭露;披露;揭发
An old saying goes that time will bring to light whatever is hidden.俗话说得好,时间自会让隐藏的一切水落石出。
1 will bring the truth to light.我要揭露真相。
- pileup 堆积;积压
Mail was still piling up at the office.办公室里的邮件仍在往上堆。He piled up huge debts.他债台高筑。
- comedown with 患,得,染上(小病)
The boy has come down with influenza.这个男孩得了流行性感冒。
We come down with illnesses more easily when under stress.在有压力的情况下,我们更容易生病。
- slipaway 消失;消亡;死去
I hope we can slip away before she notices.我希望我们在她未见到我们之前就悄悄地离开这儿。
Aha,you can’t slip away this time.哈哈,这回你溜不掉了。
- respondto 怍出反馈;响应
The woman conductor kindly responded to my question.女列车员亲切地回答了我的问题。
The teacher responded affirmatively to the question that student put forward.老师对那个学生的问题作了肯定的回答。
- carefor 照顾,照料(病、老、幼者等)
The mother cared for the sick child day and night.母亲日夜照料着生病的孩子。
I am glad to see that you are being well cared for.看到你得到很好的照料,我很高兴。
124. tend to 照料;照管;护理
In our culture,girls are brought up to tend to the needs of others.在我们的文化里,女孩从小就学着照料别人。
She hurried away to pour more coffee and tend to the grill.她匆忙走开,去添加咖啡和照看烤架。
- ..down使(当众)出丑;使出洋相;让某人现眼
She leamed to stop putting herself down and comparing herself to others.她学会了不再自我贬低,拿自己与别人相比。
I know that I do put people down occasionally.我知道我确实偶尔会奚落别人。
- go through经历;遭受
South Africa was going through a period of irreversible change. 南非正在经历一场不可逆转的变革。
He was going through a ver)r difficult time.他正处于非常艰难的时期。
- be linkedto 与 有联系
About two billion dollars in loans would be linked to progress in government reforms. 近 20 亿美元贷款将与政府改革的进展情况联系起来。
She says the findings do not explain why belly fat may be linked to dementia.她说研究结果尚不能解释腹部脂肪为什么可能与痴呆相联系 e
- fillout 膨胀;扩张;长胖;长肥
The underweight child has begun to fill out after regular exercises.这个偏瘦的孩子在进行了一段有规律的锻炼后开始长壮了。
Her cheeks began to fill out after she’d been in the convalescent hospital for a couple of months.在疗养院养了两个月以后,她的脸渐渐
变圆了。
- feelgood 感到愉快(或有信心等)
Music makes me feel good.音乐让我感觉好极了。What makes you feel good?什么使你感到高兴? 130.keep track of 了解……的情况(或动态) How do you keep track of it all?你怎么搞清状况?
As a doctor,Brooks has to keep track of the latest developments in medicine.作为一名医生,布鲁克斯必须了解医学的最新发展动态。
(一)段首句
第四部分 万能句子和写作模板
一、万能句子
- 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
There are different opinions anxmg people as to . Some people suggest that .
- 俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适
用。
There is an old saying .It’ s the experience of our forefathers , however , it is correct in many cases even today.
- 现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……。其次,……。更为糟糕的是……
Today, ,which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, Second, What makes things worse is that . 4.现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)…… .
Nowadays,it is common to . Many people like because
.Besides, .
- 任何事物都有两面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。Everything has twosides and is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages.
- 关于……人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说)……,在他们看来,…… People’sopinions about vary from person to person. Some people say that 。To them , .
- 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……,这个问题变得越来越严重。
Man is now facing a big problem which isbecoming more and more serious. 8.……已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年轻人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。
has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
- ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用,它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重的问题。
has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
- 根据表格/图表/条形图/线形图中的数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比可以看出……。很显然……,但是为什么呢?
According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the table/chart/bar graph/line graph,it can be seen that . Obviously , .but why?
(二)中间段落句
- 相反,有一些人赞成……,他们相言……,而且,他们认为……
On the contrary, there are some people in favor of . At the same time,they say .
- 但是,我认为这不是解决……的好方法,比如…….。最糟糕的是……
But I don’ t think it is a very good way to solve .For example, .Worst of all, .
- ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的,(也是)非常重要的。首先,……。而且……,最重要的是……
is necessary and important to our country’s development and construction.First, What’s more, .Above all, .
- 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先,我们可以……
There are several measures for us to adopt. First,we can .
- 面临……,我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……,另一方面,…… Confrontedwith ,we should take a series of effective measures to .For one thing, For another, .
- 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……,另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……
It is high time that something was done about it. For example, .In addition, .All these measures will certainly .
- 为什么……?第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。总的来说,……的主要原因是……
Why ? The first reason is that .The second reason is that . The third is that .For all these, is mainly due to .
- 然而,正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样,……也有它的不利的一面,像…… However,just like everything has both its good andbad sides. also has its own disadvantages,such as .
- 尽管如此,我相信……更有利。
Nonetheless, I believe that is more advantageous. 10.完全同意……这种观点,主要理由如下:
I fully agree with the statement that because .
(三)结尾句
- 至于我,在某种程度上我同意后面的观点,我认为……
As far as I am concerned,I agree with the latter opintion to some extent. I think that .
- 总而言之,整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题.只有这样,我们才能在将来…… In a word,the whole society should pay close attentionto the problem
of .Only in this way can we in the future.
- 但是,……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如,……,而……。然而,把这两者相比较, 我更倾向于(喜欢)……
But and have their own advantages. For example, , while .Comparing this with that,however,l prefer to .
- 就我个人而言,我相信……,因此,我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为…… Personally.Ibelieve that Consequently ,I’ m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because .
- 随着社会的发展,……。因此,迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自己的一份力量,这个社会将会变得越来越好。
With the development of society, .So it’s urgent and necessarv to .If every member is willing to contribute himself to the societv,it will be better and better.
- 至于我(对我来说,就我而言),我认为……更合理。只有这样,我们才能……For my part,l think it reasonable to .Only in this way can we
- 依我看,有必要……。原因如下:第一,……;第二,……;最后但同样重要的是…… In my opinion,it isnecessary to .The reasons are as
First, .Second, .Last but not least,
- 在总体上很难说……是好还是坏,因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而,就我个人而言,我发现……
It is difficult to say whether is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of However, from a personal point of view,I find
- 综上所述,我们可以清楚地得出结论……
From what has been discussed above,we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that
- 如果我们不采取有效的方法,就可能控制不了这种趋势,就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果,所以,我们应该做的是……
If we don’t take useful means,we may not be able to control this trend,and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly,so what we should do is
二、写作模板
(一)英语书信的常见写作模板
How nice to hear from you again.
Let me tell you something about the activity.
I’ m glad to have received your letter of Apr.9th.
I’m please to hear that you’ re coming to China for a visit.
I’m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in Amenca. 绪尾部分:
With best wishes.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.
(二)口头通知常见写作模板呼语及开场白部分:
Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention,please?I have an announcement to make.
正文部分:
All the teachers and students are required to attend it. Please take your notebooks and make notes.
Please listen carefully and we’11 have a discussion in groups. Please come on time and don’t be late.
结束语部分:
Please come and join in lt. Everybody is welcome to attend it. I hope you’ll have a nice time here. That’s all Thank you.
(三)议论文模板
- 正反观点式议论文模板
导入:
第 1 段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should…(导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)
正文:
第 2 段:Most of the students are in favour of it. (正方观点)
Here are the reasons. First…Second…Finally…(列出 2—3 个赞成的理由) 第 3 段:However,the others are strongly against it.(反方观点)
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place…What’s more…in addition…(列出 2~3 个反对的理由)
结论:
第 4 段:Personally speaking,the advantages overweigh the disadvantages,for it will do
us more good than harm,so I support it.(个人观点)
2. “A 或者 B”类议论文模板
导入:
第 1 段 :Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways.Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally,l would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第 2 段:There are many reasons why I prefer A.The main reason is that …Another reason is that…(赞同 A 的原因)
笫 3 段:Of course,B also has advantages to some extent…(列出 l~2 个 B 的优势) 结论:
第 4 段:But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B.From what has een discussed above,we may finally draw the conclusion that …(得出结论)
3. 观点论述类议论文模板
导入:
第 1 段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student.I am strongly in favour of the decision.(亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对) The reasons for this may be listed as follows.(过渡句,承上启下)
正文:
第 2 段:First of all…Secondly…Besides…(列出 2~3 个赞成或反对的理由) 结论:
第 3 段:In conclusion,I believe that……(照应第 1 段,构成“总——分——总”结构)
4. “How to“类议论文模板
导入:
第 1 段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题正文:
第 2 段 :Many ways can help to solve this senous problem,but the following may be more effective. First of all…Another way to solve the problem is …Finally…(列出 2~3 个解决此类问题的办法)
结论:
第 3 段:These are not the best but only two/three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to…(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)
(四)图表作文写作模板
The chart gives us an overall picture of the(图表主题).The first thing we notice is that
(图表最大特点).This means that as(进—步说明).
We can see from the statistics given that(图表细节一).After v-ing(细节一中的第一个变化),the v-ed+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化).The figures also tell us that(图表细节二).In the column,we can see that accounts for(进一步描述).
Judging from these figures,we can draw the conclusion that( 结 论 ).The reason for this,as far as I am concerned is that(给出原因)./It is high time that we(发出倡议).
(五)图画类写作模板开头:
Look at this picture./The picture shows that…/From this picture,we can see…/As is shown in the picture…/As is seen in the picture…
街接句:
As we all know,…/As is known to all,…/lt is well known that…/ln my opinion,…/As far as I am concerned,…/This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.
结尾句:
In conclusion…/ln brief…/On the whole…/In short…/In a word…/Generally speaking…/As has been stated…
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