2025年秋江苏开放大学大学英语（D）060108综合性大作业答案

试题列表
单选题
题型：单选题客观题分值3分难度：中等得分：3
1
阅读理解一，仔细阅读后完成下列1-1至1-4。
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000,which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
阅读理解1-1. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A
They developed very fast.
B
They were large in number.
C
They had similar patterns.
D
They were closely connected.
学生答案：B
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分难度：中等得分：3
2阅读理解1-2. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?
AComplex.
BAdvanced.
CPowerful.
DModern.
学生答案：C
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分难度：中等得分：3
3阅读理解1-3. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?
AAbout 6,800.
BAbout 3,400.
CAbout 2,400.
DAbout 1,200.
学生答案：B
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分难度：中等得分：3
4阅读理解1-4. What is the main idea of the text?
ANew languages will be created.
BPeople’s lifestyles are reflected in languages.
CHuman development results in fewer languages.
DGeography determines language evolution.
学生答案：C
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分难度：中等得分：3
5
阅读理解二，仔细阅读后完成下列2-1至2-3。
In the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted(享有)a special meat soup called consommé. Although the main attraction was the soup, Roze’s chain shops also set a new standard for dining out, which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant.
Today, scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restaurants. Take visual hints that influence what we eat: diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta(意大利面食)when their plates matched their food. When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.
Lighting matters, too. When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness, they couldn’t tell how much they’d had: those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else, but were none the wiser—they didn’t feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dessert.
Time is money, but that principle means different things for different types of restaurants. Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend. One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart(莫扎特).When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent more. Fast music hurried diners out. Particular scents also have an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender(薰衣草)stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent.
Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending—“bad” tables, crowding, high prices— don’t necessarily. Diners at bad tables — next to the kitchen door, say — spent nearly as much as others but soon fled. It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned about ‘bad’ tables,” given that they’re profitable. As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant’s reputation, suggesting great food at fair prices. And doubling a buffet’s price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.
阅读理解2-1. The underlined phrase “none the wiser” in Paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were _______.
A
not aware of eating more than usual
B
not willing to share food with others
C
not conscious of the food quality
D
not fond of the food provided
学生答案：A
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分难度：中等得分：3
6阅读理解2-2. How could a fine dining shop make more profit?
APlaying classical music.
BIntroducing lemon scent.
CMaking the light brighter.
DUsing plates of larger size.
学生答案：A
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分难度：中等得分：3
7阅读理解2-3. What does the last paragraph talk about?
ATips to attract more customers.
BProblems restaurants are faced with.
CWays to improve restaurants’ reputation.
DCommon misunderstandings about restaurants.
学生答案：D
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分难度：中等得分：3
8
阅读理解三，仔细阅读后完成下列3-1至3-3。
As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line(装配线) on September 27,1908.Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.
Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.
In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with“ a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.” Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.
The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.
The problems of excessive(过度的)energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L.Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.
Friedman points out that the green economy(经济)is a chance to keep American strength.“ The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”
阅读理解3-1. Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?
A
To explain Americans’ love for travelling by car.
B
To show the influence of cars on American culture.
C
To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.
D
To praise the effectiveness of America’s road system.
学生答案：B
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分难度：中等得分：3
9阅读理解3-2. What has the use of cars in America led to?
ADecline of economy.
BEnvironmental problems.
CA shortage of oil supply.
DA farm-based society.
学生答案：B
老师点评：
题型：单选题客观题分值3分难度：中等得分：3
10阅读理解3-3. What is Friedman’s attitude towards America’s future?
AAmbiguous.
BDoubtful.
CHopeful.
DTolerant.
学生答案：C
老师点评：
简答题
题型：简答题主观题分值70分难度：中等得分：64
1
阅读下面的文章《外国游客体验中国文化》，写一篇关于外国人在中国文化体验的思考的反思性读后感，需包含对材料的总结和个人看法，并结合你的艺术经历进行讨论及提出建议。字数：300字左右。
请注意：不要以附件提交，直接在作答框内输入内容。
Read the article below and write a 300-word reflective response, including a summary of the article, your personal opinions and suggestions, connecting them to your artistic studies.
题目：Thoughts on Foreigners’ Cultural Experiences in China
Experiencing the Charms of Chinese Culture: Foreign Visitors Engage in Traditional Arts and Folk Activities
From: China Daily, June 2025
In recent years, China has witnessed a significant increase in foreign tourists, drawn not only by its breathtaking landscapes but also by the rich tapestry of its cultural heritage. As part of their immersive travel experiences, many visitors are actively engaging in traditional Chinese arts and folk activities, offering a deeper understanding and appreciation of the country’s unique customs and traditions.
One such initiative was the “Cultural Exploration Tour” organized by the China National Tourism Administration, which invited foreign visitors to participate in a series of cultural events across various provinces. For example, during a visit to the ancient city of Xi’an, American tourist Mark Johnson was captivated by a traditional Qin opera performance at the Xi’an Opera House. “The costumes were so vibrant, and the music was both sorrowful and uplifting,” he said. “When the performers sang in that high-pitched voice, it felt like the history of this city was coming alive. I even tried to imitate some of the gestures during the interactive session afterward!”
In addition to opera, foreign tourists had the opportunity to learn calligraphy, a fundamental part of Chinese culture. At a workshop in Beijing’s 798 Art District, German student Anna Müller was amazed by the art form’s meditative nature. “I always thought calligraphy was just about writing pretty characters, but the teacher explained that every stroke represents a different emotion,” she shared. “I practiced writing “和” (harmony) for hours, and it felt like a mindfulness exercise. I even bought a brush set to continue practicing back home.”
Festivals played a crucial role in showcasing China’s diverse folk activities. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in Hangzhou, British couple Tom and Emma Smith joined a local community in making mooncakes at a traditional bakery. “The pastry chef showed us how to mold the dough into intricate patterns using wooden molds,” Tom recounted. “When we tasted our creations, we realized mooncakes aren’t just snacks—they’re a symbol of reunion. It was heartwarming to share this experience with elderly locals who told us stories about how they celebrated the festival when they were young.”
Similarly, during the Dragon Boat Festival in Guilin, a group of international students from Thailand, South Korea, and Australia participated in a dragon boat race training camp. Australian university student Lily Chen, who had never rowed before, found the teamwork and drumming rhythms exhilarating. “Synchronizing our strokes to the drumbeat was challenging but so much fun,” she said. “The locals cheered us on in Mandarin, and I felt like we were part of their community.”
Rural areas also opened their doors to international tourists, offering a glimpse into traditional village life. In the province of Yunnan, Canadian traveler Maxine Thompson attended the Torch Festival of the Yi ethnic group in Chuxiong. “We danced around the bonfire holding torches, and the villagers taught us folk songs,” she recalled. “They even let me wear their traditional silver headdresses. It was one of the most vibrant nights I’ve ever experienced. I learned that the festival represents the Yi people’s wish for a bright and prosperous future.”
To further enhance the cultural experience, local governments and tourism boards have been actively promoting hands-on programs. For instance, at a tea ceremony workshop in武夷山 (Wuyishan), Japanese businessman Hiroshi Tanaka was impressed by the ritual’s precision. “The tea master demonstrated how to heat the water to the exact temperature and pour it in a specific way,” he said. “It felt like a form of meditation. I bought some Da Hong Pao tea as a souvenir and can’t wait to replicate the ceremony for my colleagues back in Tokyo.”
The surge in foreign tourists engaging with Chinese culture is also facilitated by improved visa policies and enhanced travel convenience. French teacher Clémence Dubois, who participated in a week-long paper-cutting camp in Suzhou, praised the ease of travel. “With the 144-hour visa exemption, I could explore multiple cities without hassle,” she said. “My favorite moment was creating a paper-cut of a dragon with a local artist. She told me that dragons symbolize strength and good luck—now I hang it in my classroom!”
As China continues to open its doors to the world, the integration of foreign tourists into its cultural fabric is a testament to the country’s commitment to cultural exchange and mutual understanding. By participating in traditional arts and folk activities, visitors not only enrich their own travel experiences but also contribute to a global appreciation of China’s rich and diverse cultural heritage.
写作要求：
1. 结构：第一部分对材料进行适当的引用和总结，突出文化活动及其意义。第二部分为个人看法及提出建议，分析传统文化、艺术、民俗体验对外国游客带来的文化冲击，对于传播中国文化、树立文化自信产生的影响。该部分应分段，有条理、有结论。
2. 语言：使用英语写作，300字左右。
请注意：不要以附件提交，直接在作答框内输入内容。

答案