国开学习网《商务英语阅读》第二次作业答案

1. Consumer products are purchased to ___________personal and family needs.
A. satisfy
B. satisfying
C. satisfied
答案：satisfy
2. The firm’s ___________covers all the products it offers for sale.
A. product line
B. product life
C. product mix
答案：product mix
3. Labeling provides customers with product information, some of which is required by ___________.
A. law
B. customer
C. company
答案：law
4. At the end of the road stands a stone building,___________history dates back to the 17th century.
A. Where
B. that
C. whose
答案：whose
5. Most product failures result ___________inadequate product planning and development.
A. of
B. in
C. from
答案：from
6. A nation’s ___________is the difference between the flow of money into and out of the nation.
A. payment of balance
B. balance of trade
C. balance of payments
答案：balance of payments
7. Big businesses enjoy certain___________that smaller ones do not have.
A. privileges
B. sequence
C. fragments
答案：privileges
8. Under RCEP, tariffs will be ___________on around 92 percent of goods implemented progressively over the next 20 years.
A. unified
B. eliminated
C. pursued
答案：eliminated
9. You are free to go or not to go___________.
A. as you see
B. as you see fit
C. as you
答案：as you see fit
10. A firm’s marketing program must be adapted to foreign markets to ___________differences in the business environment and target markets from nation to nation.
A. account for
B. account of
C. account on
答案：account for
11. Choose the correct word or words from the box to complete the following sentences, and write your choice on your Answer Sheet. A product is everything that one receives in an exchange, including all___________and expected benefits. A firm that does not introduce new products to___________declining products will eventually fail. Market analysis in the online space often leads to___________. Businesses expand internationally to offset the risk of___________stagnating growth in their home country as well as in other countries where they are operating. ___________are typically justified as being needed to protect a nation’s economy, industries, citizens or security. Understanding buying behavior helps marketers ___________how buyers will respond to marketing strategies. Marketing’s___________function is to promote and facilitate exchange. Financial institutions act as___________between lenders and borrowers. ___________analysis studies the ways in which a product or product group is brought to market. ___________is the study of how wealth is created and distributed.
答案：
【问题：A product is everything that one receives in an exchange, including all___________and expected benefits. 答案：attributes】
【问题：A firm that does not introduce new products to___________declining products will eventually fail. 答案：replace】
【问题：Market analysis in the online space often leads to___________. 答案：differentiation】
【问题：Businesses expand internationally to offset the risk of___________stagnating growth in their home country as well as in other countries where they are operating. 答案：stagnating】
【问题：___________are typically justified as being needed to protect a nation’s economy, industries, citizens or security. 答案：tariffs】
【问题：Understanding buying behavior helps marketers ___________how buyers will respond to marketing strategies. 答案：predict】
【问题：Marketing’s___________function is to promote and facilitate exchange. 答案：principal】
【问题：Financial institutions act as___________between lenders and borrowers. 答案：intermediaries】
【问题：___________analysis studies the ways in which a product or product group is brought to market. 答案：commodity】
【问题：___________is the study of how wealth is created and distributed. 答案：economics】
12. Marketing is a process that involves directing the flow of goods and services from consumers to producers.
A. True
B. False
答案：False
13. The primary function of marketing is to promote and facilitate exchange between parties.
A. True
B. False
答案：True
14. Marketing can only occur in profit-oriented businesses and not in public institutions like hospitals or schools.
A. True
B. False
答案：False
15. In marketing, exchange can occur even if one party is not free to accept or reject what the other party is offering.
A. True
B. False
答案：False
16. Brand marketing has been a key element in advertising goods and services in both profit and nonprofit initiatives for centuries.
A. True
B. False
答案：True
17. What is the primary reason Western multinationals expand into developing countries?___________
A. To reduce production costs
B. To acquire newer markets and expand sales
C. To access advanced technology
答案：To acquire newer markets and expand sales
18. Why are developing and emerging countries attractive to Western multinationals in terms of resource acquisition?___________
A. They offer advanced technological resources
B. They have large deposits of minerals, metals, and land for agricultural production
C. They provide a highly skilled workforce
答案：They have large deposits of minerals, metals, and land for agricultural production
19. How do international expansions help companies minimize risk?___________
A. By operating in multiple countries to diversify political, economic, and societal risks
B. By investing only in their home country
C. By avoiding markets with any form of risk
答案：By operating in multiple countries to diversify political, economic, and societal risks
20. What is one reason Western companies expand into emerging markets despite declining sales in their home regions?___________
A. To take advantage of lower labor costs
B. To benefit from government subsidies in emerging markets
C. To recoup losses by expanding into other markets
答案：To recoup losses by expanding into other markets
21. Why do many emerging markets and developing countries welcome Western multinationals?___________
A. To receive royalties and other payments to grow their economies
B. To improve their technological capabilities
C. To reduce their environmental impact
答案：To receive royalties and other payments to grow their economies
22. Even free-market economies often use some form of quota and/or tariff that affects the prices and quantities of foreign-made products in those nations. A quota restricts the total number of products of a certain type to that can be imported into a country. It indirectly raises the prices of those imports by reducing their supply.In contrast, a tariff is a tax charged on imported products. Tariffs directly affect the prices of products, effectively raising the price of imports to consumers who must pay not only for the products but also for the tariff. Tariffs may take either of two forms. A revenue tariff is imposed strictly to raise money for the government. But most tariffs in effect today are protectionist tariffs meant to discourage import of a particular product.
答案：
即使是在自由市场经济体中，各国也常采取某种形式的配额和/或关税政策，这些政策会影响进口商品在本国的价格和数量。配额指限制某一类商品能够进口到该国的总量。它通过减少进口供应间接推高了这些商品的价格。
相比之下，关税是对进口商品征收的税种。关税直接影响商品价格——消费者不仅要支付商品本身的价格，还需承担关税，这实际上抬高了进口商品的最终售价。关税通常分为两种形式：财政关税纯粹以增加政府收入为目的；但现今大多数实际执行的关税属于保护性关税，旨在限制特定商品的进口。